历史·生命·道德规约－读王良和小说《鱼咒》

作为沙田文学新传人的王良和,更多的是以诗歌为人所知,然而其小说亦有不俗的成绩.近作《鱼咒》,通过具有强烈暗示、象征意味的手法,在过去与现在、欲望与道德、理智与疯癫、意识与无意识等等之间的微妙对比与转换中,在对个人儿时往事回忆的基础上,展示了对人类古老历史的思考,并由此揭示生命在本能欲望与道德规约之间的冲撞与困惑,最终构成对人类生命存在形式和意义的一次令人震撼的追问.     

“生命课堂”:历史、现实与未来

"生命课堂"在我国一经提出就迅速成为我国基础教育的热点,说明它遵循了教育的本质与规律,彰显了人类对自身价值的理性关怀和人文关怀,反映了社会历史发展的必然要求和课堂教学实际的迫切需要,也反映了教育哲学观和认识论的最新成果,更体现了师生生命发展的主体需要。尽管"生命课堂"作为一个教育学概念提出的时间在我国只有短短十几年时间,但"生命课堂"思想在我国却是源远流长,在当前我国的课堂教学实践中也呈现出方兴未艾之势,其未来也必将成为我国课堂教学的常态。     

文化·历史·人生--从《文化苦旅》《山居笔记》等看余秋雨散文的主题形态

中国当代著名散文作家余秋雨90年代以来发表的重要作品影响较大,学术界就其散文争鸣也颇多.结合近年来国内有关其散文争鸣的部分成果,尝试探讨这位作家散文创作艺术的主题形态.通过对作品的分析,着重突出作者的艺术感受方式和审美原则,论述其作品的产生背景、叙述方式和文本内容等方面的主要特色,从而说明作者积极的文化历史观和将文化、历史与人生相互交织、感性与理性相互融合的艺术创作倾向.     

Becoming a Japanese Language Learner,User, and Teacher: Revelations From Life History Research

This article discusses how Sarah Lamond, a Japanese language teacher in Sydney, Australia has juggled three of her identities: second language (L2) learner, L2 user, and L2 teacher. Data come from four interviews used to create an edited life history. These data are used to draw attention to the relationship between L2 learner and language user. The concept of "identity slippage" is briefly discussed and is introduced as a way of explaining this relationship. Although these three identities are foregrounded, it was found that Sarah's other identities of wife and mother also played a significant part in her becoming a Japanese language learner. Furthermore, Sarah's story also raises the native versus nonnative language teacher issue and in turn explores notions of authentic and impostor.     

魏晋时期的家庭教育与社会教化

魏晋南北朝时期.随着官学教育的衰落,作为私学主体之一的家庭教育获得了长足发展.对魏晋南北朝时期家庭教育兴盛发达的动因及其内容和特征进行分析,进而得出家庭教育乃是这一时期社会教化最重要形式的结论.     

悠远的历史,真实的生活——回归生活的历史教学

梁启超曾抨击二十四史为二十姓之家谱,倡导史界革命,认为历史应该首先关注于普通人群。此后,社会生活史终成学术研究的一个热点。与此相适应,中学的历史教材亦开始发生新的变化,越来越生活化,这就对新时期的历史教学提出了新的要求。     

Social difference and the politics of schooling in Africa: a Ghanaian case study

This paper examines the implications of ‘social difference’ for schooling in African contexts. It highlights theoretical and philosophical engagements with ‘difference’ that could help explore and search for viable educational options in Africa. The paper engages voices of university students interviewed in a longitudinal ethnographic research study on schooling done in Ghana. Issues and questions about knowledge production, identity development and representation in pluralistic schooling contexts are raised. Insights about local knowledges, individual agency and resistance as they relate to possibilities for rethinking schooling and education in Africa are also explored. The students' narratives reveal how dialogues about school and educators' practices about difference and diversity are [not] addressed with respect to the students' schooling. Lessons on the possibilities of inclusive schooling environments are offered.     

Working memory and mathematics: A review of developmental,individual difference,and cognitive approaches

Working memory refers to a mental workspace, involved in controlling, regulating, and actively maintaining relevant information to accomplish complex cognitive tasks (e.g. mathematical processing). Despite the potential relevance of a relation between working memory and math for understanding developmental and individual differences in mathematical skills, the nature of this relationship is not well-understood. This paper reviews four approaches that address the relation of working memory and math: 1) dual task studies establishing the role of working memory during on-line math performance; 2) individual difference studies examining working memory in children with math difficulties; 3) studies of working memory as a predictor of mathematical outcomes; and 4) longitudinal studies of working memory and math. The goal of this review is to evaluate current information on the nature of the relationship between working memory and math provided by these four approaches, and to present some of the outstanding questions for future research.     

Physiological reactivity, social support, and memory in early childhood

The interactive effects of physiological reactivity and social support on children's memory were examined. Four- to 6-year-olds completed a laboratory protocol during which autonomic responses and salivary cortisol were measured. Memory was assessed shortly afterward and 2 weeks later. During the second interview, children were questioned by a supportive or nonsupportive interviewer. Few significant relations emerged between reactivity and children's short-term memory. Following a 2-week delay, cortisol reactivity was associated with poorer memory and autonomic reactivity was associated with increased accuracy among children questioned in a supportive manner but decreased accuracy among children questioned in a nonsupportive manner. Results question traditional conceptualizations of reactivity as a risk factor and instead suggest that reactivity may only confer risk in certain environmental contexts.     

Hazardous occupations, illness, and schooling

This initial study of the direct and indirect effects of schooling and direct effects of occupational hazards on health uses a recursive model involving choice of occupation that depends on schooling. Although the model represents only one possible conceptualization and the data on health are not the most desirable, evidence is found that occupational hazards have a strong influence on health independent of education and earnings. In addition, it is found that schooling has no direct effects on work hours lost due to illness and no indirect effects through choice of a safe job. The unimportance of schooling in affecting health may be partially explained by the limited sample which includes only blue-collar employees in very risky occupations.     

经济史研究与经济史教学、经济理论研究

将理论经济学包括的二级学科归纳为思想范畴和实践范畴两个部分,经济史属于历史的实践,经济理论属于“历史＋今天”的学说。经济史教学主要针对本科生层次,经济理论研究主要针对研究生层次。经济史教学设计的特点是,在经济理论引导下构建以共性成分为内容的主体框架,同时借助经济史研究成果把个性成分准确地显现出来。经济理论研究与经济史研究有密切关系,后者是前者能否产出产品的重要前提条件。借助统计资料探索经济理论,实际上就属于由经济史研究角度切入研究经济理论的内容之一。     

超越“生命美学”和“生命美学史”

“生命美学”建立在对生命的错误理解上,把生命当成了生命的所有价值,用生命活动囊括所有的美。它根本忽视了生命的意义和对生命的超越所具有的价值,从而有可能把生命导入低级的感性活动;把美学引向直觉冲动。正如生命的价值在于既活着又超越活着一样,审美的价值也在于生命而又超越生命。生命使其具有现实生活的基础。超越生命,使其具有理想的境界。生命与对生命的超越从来都是美学的一对既对立又统一的范畴。中国美学史从来都不是什么生命美学史,而是这种对立统一的历史。生命美学在张扬个性、解放思想的时代有一定的意义,但在人欲横流之时更需要对生命美学的超越。