基于教育技术标准的教育硕士现代教育技术公共课程的教学设计

以中小学教师为主要培养对象的教育硕士专业学位研究生教育,是我国高层次的基础教育师资培养规格,现代教育技术公共课程是培养教育硕士教育技术能力的课程,课程的设计应运用教学系统设计方法,在分析教育硕士特点和教学特殊性的基础上,依据我国颁布的中小学教师教育技术能力标准进行,以使教育硕士更好地掌握现代教育技术能力。     

Working with children in college: an evaluation of an exploratory it module with undergraduate primary student teachers

Abstract

Since 1991 all undergraduate primary student teachers at Chester have followed a Technology course. The distinctive pattern of our approach to Design & Technology has been acknowledged to be successful, but classroom use of Information Technology (IT) has not been as evident. This paper describes a small scale project which set out to replicate the essential elements of our approaches to Design & Technology and to apply them to Information Technology elements of the course. The outcome of the qualitative and quantitative research methods to monitor the effectiveness of the approaches are evaluated and discussed. Our tentative findings highlight the importance of students working with children using computers. Until the students had gained first hand experience of working with children in the classroom with IT, their concerns were more equipment-related than pedagogical. It would appear that students perceive issues of teaching and learning to be more important than concerns with their own IT capability after working with children. The integration of IT into students' professional coursework is identified as being influential in the development of their appreciation of the contribution IT can make to children's learning.     

Turning Sceptics into Missionaries: the case for compulsory information technology courses

ABSTRACT

This paper considers the problem of persuading reluctant teachers to use information technology in the classroom. Previous work has shown that only a small proportion of teachers integrate information technology into their teaching. Many teachers use the computer only as a side activity for children who have finished their other work, and some avoid the use of it altogether. Different training methods for such teachers have been considered, but often found to be ineffective. The course reported here is a one year 90 hour course offered as an ‘option’ on a two year part‐time B.Ed degree for experienced teachers. Due to the course structure in its last year, the teachers who had made particular choices in the first year of the degree were given no alternative but to take this option. They came with great reluctance and left as missionaries in the field.     

师范生现代教育技术能力培养的教学策略研究

高等师范院校开设"现代教育技术"公共课程,是培养师范专业学生现代教育技术能力,适应信息社会下未来教师角色的必经之路,但在教学过程中往往存在由于教学策略不当而导致教学效果不佳的困境.本文从教学类型、教学方法、教学程序、教学资源的利用方式和课堂互动质量五个方面,对"现代教育技术"公共课任课教师的教学策略进行了比较分析,找出教学策略方面普遍存在的问题与不足,从而尝试性地总结出适合该课程的较为合理的教学策略,为今后"现代教育技术"公共课的开展具有一定的借鉴和指导作用.     

‘Doing the Best for the Students’: dilemmas and decisions in carrying out statutory assessment tasks

This paper considers the effects on teachers, students and the curriculum of the experience, in the spring of 1993, of the first extended assessement tasks in Design in Technology in England and Wales. It examines the frustrations experienced and the dilemmas faced by teachers in working on these tasks with students, and their attempts to resolve their resulting role conflicts. It is suggested, that in this case at least, teachers' loyalties to their ideas about good teaching and learning took precedence over the requirement to follow the Government's assessment procedures. This is because teachers felt that the tasks set by the Government were inappropriate both for student learning and for assessing the curriculum which they had followed, and that the ways in which they were expected to carry them out were detrimental both to student learning and to ‘fair’ assessment. It is suggested that in some cases this led to a ‘radicalisation’ of a comparatively conservative group. The effects on the curriculum, the schools and the teachers concerned are critically examined in the light of planned changes in the Design and Technology curriculum.     

On becoming a civic‐minded instructional designer: An ethnographic study of an instructional design experience

This ethnographic study took place in a graduate course at a large research university in the Midwestern United States. It presents an in‐depth examination of the experiences and challenges of a group of four students learning to be Instructional Design and Technology professionals who are concerned with the well‐being of all members of a society, and wish to utilize their knowledge and skills to help solve social problems and improve people's lives. Building on the results of previous research, findings indicate that the course, designed using the Civic‐Minded Instructional Designers (CMID) framework, succeeded in enhancing students' civic‐minded agency, the group's purposeful and reflective acts that aim at addressing the educational needs of community members. The course was designed to mimic a small, multiteam Instructional Design and Technology consulting company offering professional‐level services free of charge. Community partners consisted of four real‐world clients to whom students addressed an instructional issue. Data were collected from observations, focus groups, individual interviews with students and community partners, and analyses of course artifacts and students' reflections. Students were found to diligently address community members' needs, give voice to their community partners, address sustainability of their projects, be sensitive to their community partners' perspectives and acknowledge their community partners as design partners. Challenges encountered include reconfiguring students' roles and building trustful relationships with their community partners. This study contributes a deeper understanding of the roles of instructional design professionals within larger social contexts. Lessons learned can inform the implementation of the CMID framework in other educational programs.     

《机械工艺与夹具设计》教学改革的探讨

针对我院高等职业专科层次机制专业的机制工艺与夹具设计课程教学，提出压缩课堂理论教学时数，增加课程设计环节时数，改革课程设计的教学方式，建立机制工艺课教学质量保证体系。     

广集众智 共谋发展——石家庄职业技术学院“第二届专业群建设论坛”综述

为进一步健全完善“系主任领导下的专业群经理负责制”,石家庄职业技术学院召开了“第二届专业群建设论坛”,通过讨论进一步明确了该管理体制的内涵,系主任、专业群经理、骨干教师的工作职责,认为在专业群建设中的工作组织构成有三种模式可供探索．院领导就专业群建设需关注和解决的问题,提出了指导性意见．     

小学劳动技术教育资源实践开发的策略

小学劳动技术教育是一门与日常生活联系紧密的课程。教师在进行教学时,要善于利用各种教育资源来全面开展劳动技术教学实践,让学生通过自己动手实践来培养自身良好的行为习惯和道德品质,锻炼自己的动手能力,增强自身的身体素质,提升自己的审美品位和艺术品位,让学生在全面开展的劳动技术教学实践中,全面提升自身的各项能力,促进学生综合素质的全面发展。     

Curriculum Materials as a Vehicle for Innovation: A case study of the Nuffield Design and Technology Project

Prior to the advent of the National Curriculum in England and Wales, the production of teaching materials was an established vehicle for curriculum change. The Nuffield Design and Technology Project recently published extensive materials which enlarge upon the National Curriculum. This paper presents an investigation based on case studies of two teachers in separate schools, each using Nuffield publications with one of their classes. It explores: how Nuffield materials were selected and adapted by teachers; the resulting balances between in-house and Nuffield influence; and teachers’ intuitive evaluations of the materials’ impact. Both teachers ‘injected’ similar Nuffield elements into existing schemes; they took ownership, exploiting the materials’ flexibility. Both prescribed the mechanical/structural elements of the product, but allowed extensive pupil autonomy over aesthetic elements. Text books were initially underused. In describing the materials’ impact, one teacher emphasised pupils’ learning, the other the improved quality of his own experience. This paper suggests that even a little training may greatly enhance teachers’ use of Nuffield resources.     

A reconnaissance study as a sine qua non factor for status quo change among senior phase technology teachers

ABSTRACT

This article is based on a preliminary action research (AR) study conducted with selected schools in Limpopo. It intends to report on the progress made and research problem identified during the reconnaissance/preliminary study. The aim of this preliminary research is to ascertain whether the findings conform to the main research question of the overall research. The study focused on senior phase Technology teachers at four identified schools, who are teaching grades 8 and 9 in Limpopo. This investigation entailed the administering of a questionnaire, conducting interviews and engaging in an observation activity. This was a small-scale study, for fact-finding purposes, before the main rollout of AR commences. It was evident from the study that teachers lacked capacity to teach Technology as a subject. The teachers lacked Technology pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) and were not confident in engaging with practical activities, in their assessment of the learners and with compiling Technology learning programmes. These identified challenges serve as the main drive of the study. It is imperative to engage in an emancipatory paradigm or critical theory as a way to intervene in the challenges faced by Technology teachers.     

Pre-service teachers’ perceptions on TPACK development after designing educational games

This qualitative case study aimed to investigate Early Childhood Education (ECE) pre-service teachers’ perception of development in their technological, pedagogical, content knowledge (TPACK) after designing educational computer games for young children. Participants included 21 ECE pre-service teachers enrolled in the course Instructional Technology and Material Design. The data were collected through focus group interviews, observations, and journals. The results indicated a perceived improvement in TPACK. Moreover, participants described initial difficulty designing educational computer games since they had limited technological knowledge (TK), design knowledge (DK), or experience designing educational computer games (TPACK). However, during the game design, specific TPACK was disseminated, and participants reported increased abilities in using technology and designing computer games for educational purposes.     

以问题化学习方式构建信息技术课程教学实例

以“学科问题为基础、学生问题为起点和教师问题为引导”为原则,从课程标准及学习目标的角度,简介了设计问题化学习的方法,并以问题化学习的方式建构了一个信息技术课程教学实例。     

Contribution of mathematics in-service training course to the professional development of elementary school teachers in Israel

The present study aimed to explore the contribution of a mathematics in-service training course to elementary school teachers (1st–6th grades) in Israel. The study was conducted among 449 educators. They were required to respond to background questions. Moreover, they were asked to indicate their expectations from the in-service training course and, at its end, point out to what extent they benefitted from that course. The research findings illustrate that educators who teach mathematics at elementary school and attended the course are generally women in their 40s, holding a BEd degree and a teaching certificate not in mathematics, with an average 13-year seniority. The participating teachers indicated their wish to enrich their didactic knowledge in order to acquire varied tools for teaching mathematics to the entire pupil population as well as to gifted pupils and pupils with learning difficulties. Nevertheless, their demand to expand their mathematics knowledge was very limited. Based on the fact that most teachers have no mathematics education, this is a surprising finding as, in order to be a good teacher, one must be versed not only in Pedagogical Content Knowledge but also in Subject Matter Knowledge.     

Transforming practice in Design and Technology: evidence from a classroom-based research study of students' responses to an intervention on inclusive design

This article offers evidence from a classroom-based research study in English secondary schools which developed an innovative approach to teaching in Design and Technology based on inclusive design (also known as universal design). The research evidence highlights how creative, problem-solving approaches in Design and Technology can be used to provide authentic, engaging learning experiences for students. This study, entitled ‘Designing our Tomorrows', introduced secondary school teachers and students to the principles and practices of inclusive design through an intervention using specially designed resources. In this article, findings from the study's qualitative pre- and post-intervention interviews are presented to illustrate how this type of approach can stimulate students' creativity and understanding of design.     

提高"电子技术"教学效果的几种方法

电子技术是电子类专业中教学难度较大的一门必修课，本通过分析电子技术在电子类专业课程中的地位及其在各行各业中的作用，介绍该课程的重点和难点，给出了提高该课程教学效果的几种方法。     

Nurturing moments of transformation in teachers – comparative perspectives on the challenges of professional development

This article discusses teachers' views of their own learning. Two groups of teachers attending graduate programmes in Seattle, Washington in the United States of America (USA) and Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (UK), participated in a project that encouraged them to discuss examples of effective professional development. The teachers from the UK were enrolled on a Masters degree course for staff working with pupils with autism. The teachers from the USA were enrolled on a Masters degree course specifically focused upon working with children who have moderate to severe difficulties. Both groups of teachers were working, at least for a portion of their timetables, with pupils who had low incidence disabilities. Phyllis Jones, of the University of South Florida, Elizabeth West, from the Department of Special Education at Boise State University, and Dana Stevens, who is working on her PhD in special education at the University of Washington, analysed the critical moments of professional development identified by the teachers in both contexts. Four themes emerged: seeing the relationship between theory and practice, the role of the professor or lecturer in mediating learning, learning from others and reflecting in action. In this article, the authors analyse the themes in relation to the subtle differences that occurred within, and across, the two contexts. This analysis will assist in the design of quality professional development opportunities that reflect teachers' voices. Teachers make meaning of their learning in highly personal ways and, although it is possible to nurture formalised learning opportunities, teacher educators need to be constantly aware of the contextual and personal meaning making that is at play.     

The use of video-taped lectures and web-based communications in teaching: A distance-teaching and cross-Atlantic collaboration experiment

We have conducted an experiment to discover how we can co-teach the course 'Engineering Design Problem Formulation' simultaneously at the Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands) and at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU, Pittsburgh, USA). We have formed teams that involved students from both countries, and we have experimented with long distance collaboration. In doing so, students would learn to co-operate with people at another (time zone) location with a different cultural background and, in addition, they would help the teachers of the course to develop insights into long distance collaboration. CMU lectures have been recorded with a digital video camera, and a set of PowerPoint slides accompanied each of these lectures. The movies were used by the Delft teachers by running them in class along with the PowerPoint slides and stopping often to discuss the material as the movie progressed. We also made fourperson international student groups. The entire international group met once at the start of the course using video-conferencing. During the course, the groups communicated through phone calls, e-mails and chatting. In addition, everyone in the course used the web-accessible document management system LIRE' (developed at the Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, CMU) to capture, organize and share all documents anyone produced throughout the course. The tools used in the course and the collaboration experiences were evaluated through a questionnaire distributed among the students. The results are presented in this paper.