煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律的研究

上海能源股分公司孔庄煤矿一至三水平各掘进工作面，随着采深的增加，经常发生掘进工作面瓦斯浓度超限现象，为了解煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯涌出规律和确保煤巷掘进工作面安全生产，对7338水采区煤巷掘进工作面瓦斯涌出量进行了实测，并通过回归分析的方法，找出了孔庄煤矿掘进工作面瓦斯涌出量的计算公式，为孔庄煤矿掘进工作面的通风管理与安全生产提供了必要的技术指导。     

调压技术在新庄孜矿防治瓦斯中的应用

针对我矿普遍采用U型后退式通风方式存在的缺陷,不能满足一些特殊情况下防治瓦斯的需要,给我矿瓦斯管理带来的问题,通过对调压技术在5413s(7)采煤工作面、5607掘进工作面防治瓦斯中的应用,解决了在采掘过程中采空区瓦斯向采掘工作面涌出的问题,保证了采掘工作面的安全生产,证明了在开采条件许可的情况下,调压技术是防治瓦斯的一种途径。     

煤矿安全检查员培训教学内容探讨

什么是瓦斯积聚呢?煤矿井下任何一个地点出现瓦斯浓度达到2.0%,空间超过0.5立方米以上积存瓦斯时,即定义为局部瓦斯积聚。防止瓦斯积聚是煤矿井下作业者时时刻刻面对的现实问题,分析瓦斯积聚的原因,使井下瓦斯浓度数值符合《煤矿安全规程》的规定,抓好“一通三防”工作,才能打造本质安全矿井。煤矿安全培训授课教师一定要熟悉和掌握安全培训对象的相关情况;熟悉和掌握煤矿的具体情况和安全现状,综合研究,统筹兼顾,进行有实际效果、有针对性的教学工作。在安全培训教学时,笔者认为一般可采用以下几种形式剖析煤矿井下瓦斯积聚。瓦斯积聚的原因分析1、井下安设的局部通风机停止运转引起瓦斯积聚占的比例最大。出现这种现象有的是设备检修,计划内的停电、停风。如反风演习、主扇检修、井下电气检修、生产布置变化、巷道临时封闭、更换局扇及风筒等。有的是机电故障,掘进工作面停工而停风。导致瓦斯事故的是某些人员的失职,局部通风机管理混乱,任意开停。计划内的是事先预计到的,而后几种往往是意料之外,称为计划外超限,对煤矿安全生产危害很大。2、采掘工作面风量不足。造成采掘工作面风量不足的原因多种多样,如不按需要风量配风、通风巷道冒顶堵塞、单台局部通风机供多头、风...     

煤矿岩巷机械化快速掘进技术浅议

某矿工程队在岩巷施工中,成功应用岩石作业线、全断面一次起爆技术及设备列车,改善了职工作业环境,减轻了职工的劳动强度大大加快了岩巷掘进速度.     

中深孔爆破技术在岩巷掘进中的应用探讨

在岩巷掘进中应用中深孔爆破技术可减少辅助作业时间,提高单循环进尺,目前应用日益广泛.但由于掘进巷道工作面狭小,一些施工单位未能掌握施工关键技术及参数.因此,本文以淮南矿业集团谢桥矿为例,通过分析实际状况,对中深孔爆破技术在硬岩巷道掘进施工中的应用问题进行探讨.     

沿空回采工作面瓦斯与煤炭自燃防治措施

1305C工作面进风平巷沿1307采空区留3 m小煤柱掘进,工作面回采期间瓦斯涌出较大,而且该工作面采空区和1307采空区漏风,通过分析研究采取针对性防治措施,保证了工作面的安全回采,该措施可在其他类似工作面中应用,具有推广价值.     

综采工作面斜长等长的控制方法

为克服传统综采工作面上下风巷平行布量时，因煤层倾角变化大而造成工作面倾斜长度不断变化给工作面回采带来的不利影响，通过对三维地震资料的分析，在顺槽掘进过程中运输顺槽按设计方位且超前轨道顺槽施工，并不断对两顺槽标高进行测量调整轨道顺槽的方位，使工作面斜长变化值控制在一定范围内；回采过程中不增减设备，实现综采工作面安全、高效的顺利回采。     

公路瓦斯隧道施工通风技术研究

随着我国公路施工技术标准的不断提升,隧道工程所占比例越来越大,由于隧道本身地质条件的复杂性,在其掘进过程中,常会遇到甲烷、一氧化碳、硫化氢等有毒有害气体的出现。如果没有一套完整的、合理的、专业的瓦斯隧道专项通风方案来解决现场通风情况,则很有可能造成局部瓦斯积聚、一氧化碳异常,从而造成严重的安全责任事故。因此,我们需要高度重视该类问题,提高瓦斯隧道通风技术,确保整个工程能够顺利进行。     

煤巷机械化快速掘进瓦斯涌出规律的探讨

煤巷掘进工作面是最容易发生瓦斯事故的地方,有效地做好瓦斯预警工作将为煤巷快速掘进提供安全保障;根据瓦斯流动理论,通过对机械化快速掘进煤巷的考察研究,对瓦斯的涌出来源和规律进行了统计分析;建立了其相关的瓦斯涌出预测模型;为煤巷快速掘进工作面瓦斯预警和治理技术提供参考。     

浅议煤矿掘进工作面冒顶事故原因和防治

掘进顶板事故中,掘进工作面冒顶事故在顶板事故中的比重较大,因此,分析煤矿掘进工作面冒顶事故的原因和防治措施对煤矿的安全生产意义尤为重要.下面对煤矿掘进工作面常见冒顶事故的原因来进行分析,并作出相应的措施.     

Wind tunnel test and numerical simulation of wind pressure on a high-rise building

We carried out a wind tunnel test to measure cladding loads for a high-rise building of 295 m in height, which would be located in the business center of Chongqing Municipality, P. R. China. The rigid model was used to determine fluctuating local pressures on the exterior surfaces of the building. The wind tunnel test results show the cr/tical zone of wind pressures on building surfaces in both standalone and interference conditions. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） was conducted by using the FLUENT Code to compare with the wind tunnel test results, and the steady three-dimensional turbulent flow with Realizable k-ε as a turbulence model was used. The CFD results are agree with the wind tunnel test results in regards to distributions of wind pressures over a high-rise building＇s surfaces.     

单线双竖井的铁路隧道内列车活塞风的计算方法

针对单线双竖井机械通风的铁路隧道,以流体力学的恒定流理论为计算依据,推导出在隧道内列车活塞风计算方法.     

晋普山90202工作面落山角瓦斯治理探讨

我国绝大部分采煤工作面均采用"U"型通风方式,其落山角是采空区瓦斯的集中涌出区域。本文通过对综采工作面落山角瓦斯来源和瓦斯超限原因的分析,探索出一套"两进两回"治理落山角瓦斯的通风方式。该方式能有效提高局部积聚区域内瓦斯扩散强度,并能加强巷道中风流的瓦斯运移,治理落山角瓦斯简单易行、稳定可靠,有较好的推广应用价值。     

Wind suitability in site analysis of coastal concave terrains using computational fluid dynamics simulation: a case study in East Asia

The effect of wind environment is becoming increasingly important in analyzing and selecting sites for better natural ventilation of residential buildings, external comfort, and pollution dispersion. The main purpose of this study was to develop a set of methods for wind environment assessment in coastal concave terrains. This set of methods can be used to provide quantifiable indicators of preferable wind conditions and help site analysis. Firstly, a total of 20 types of coastal bays with concave terrains in East Asia were characterized to find ideal locations. The selected areas were divided into five categories according to the main terrain features. Then a sample database for the concave terrains was compiled for modelling comparisons. Secondly, a number of key wind variables were identified. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the typical coastal concave terrains identified as a result of the study were created, and the local wind environments were simulated with input from geographic information system (GIS) and statistic package for social science (SPSS) analysis. A measure of wind suitability was proposed that takes wind velocity and wind direction into account using GIS. Finally, SPSS was used to find the relationship between wind suitability and key terrain factors. The results showed that wind suitability was significantly associated with terrain factors, especially altitude. The results suggest that residential building sites should be selected such that their bay openings face the direction of the prevailing wind and that the opposite direction should be avoided.     

室内风速模拟的一种数值方法

在风力发电技术的研究中,进行室内试验是最有效率的方法,这样就必须模拟实际风场的风,而自然风具有不确定性,难于精准的构造模型.运用非平稳随机过程的方法,建立基于观测数据的非平稳随机过程的数学模型,运用这个模型和康平风场实际观测数据,进行了风速样本模拟.结果表明,采用本方法只需利用少量的风速观测数据就可以很好的模拟自然风.     

Numerical simulation of wind flow fields around buildings using the lattice Boltzmann method

This paper presents the simulation results of the wind environment around a single high-rise building and that around two tall buildings in tandem arrangement by using the lattice Boltzmann method with an aim to understand the ventilation issues around high-rise buildings in an urban environment. We analyzed the velocity distribution around the buildings and performed numericl simulations to reveal the formation and evolution law of the complex vortex system around the high-rise buildings. Numerical simulation results manifest a periodicity phenamenon in the process of the vortex evolution. For the case of two high-rise buildings, wind velocity in the space between the two buildings is very small, which is nearly a silent regime. Wind velocity above the front building is relatively larger and the maximum wind velocity is approximately 2.5 times the incoming wind velocity. The numerical results can be used in layout planning of high-rise residential buildings to create better environment for ventilation purpose in an urban area.     

Prediction and analysis model of temperature and its application to a natural ventilation multi-span plastic greenhouse equipped with insect-proof screen

INTRODUCTION The use of plastic greenhouses is rapidly ex-panding in China with multi-span greenhouses being the most common type. For all these greenhouses, ventilation performance is a major factor in produc-tion, influencing both climatic control and yield quality over much of the year. Natural ventilation uses very little external energy as compared with forced ventilation, but it increases the complexity ofgreenhouse structures and makes climate control more difficult. Natural venti…     

Predicting Siltation in Entrance Channel Based on Wind Conditions

The siltation induced by wind waves in an entrance channel is one of the prime factors influencing the operation efficiency of a port.It is necessary to predict the siltation accurately for dredging and ship operation passing through the entrance of the port.However,it is difficult to apply the traditional method to predicting entrance siltation because of its complex computational procedure and lacking the data of ocean dynamic elements in the specified sea area.From the view of energy conservation,a direct relationship between wind conditions and sediment deposition can be founded.On the basis of the above methodology,an empirical formula expressed by wind conditions for forecasting the siltation in the entrance channel is set up.The wind conditions are easily obtained from the local meteorological stations or weather maps,so the formula established in this paper is more convenient and practical than the traditional method.A case study is provided,in which the emopirical formula is calibrated and verified utilizing the measured wind and siltation conditions in the entrance channel of the port.Comparisons between computed values and measured data show satisfactory agreement.     

随机脉动风压下局部动力效应

本文研究了随机脉动风压下结构局部动力效应,文后通过实例计算证明了局部动力效应影响不可忽略,这对正确分析脉动风压下结构响应是具有应用价值的.