浅谈加强抢险救援装备器材的管理

抢险救援分队在遂行任务过程中,对装备器材的依赖性非常大,装备器材的性能直接影响到任务的完成。如何加强这些装备器材的管理,确保其保持优良性能,成为抢险救援分队主要工作之一。本为主要从抢险救援装备器材管理的特点、管理的措施以及需要把握的问题三个方面阐述了如何加强抢险救援装备器材的管理,为今后抢险救援分队装备器材管理提供一定的指导意义。     

基于熵理论的抢险救援风险分析初探

近年来,我国自然灾害频发,防灾减灾研究已逐渐成为热门学科。本文以抢险救援风险分析为出发点,利用熵理论对小岗剑堰塞湖的抢险风险分析进行了初步探索,验证了熵理论在抢险救援风险分析应用中的可行性,为后期的研究奠定了初步的理论基础。本文作为利用熵理论研究抢险救援分析系列文章的第二篇,从既有理论入手论证方法的可行性,对后期的研究起到承上启下的作用。     

火灾及救援现场如何做好安全防护工作

随着经济的发展,我国火灾及抢险救援任务日趋严峻,抢险救援难度和危险程度越来越大,对消防官兵的生命安全也构成了巨大的威胁。近几年来,消防部队在灭火和抢险救援中发生了多起消防官兵牺牲事故,     

举高消防车液压系统预防维修策略

<正>举高消防车是抢险救援的核心力量,在消防、抢险救援、社会救助等方面,发挥着非常重大的作用。液压系统是举高消防车的重要构成部分,直接影响到举高消防车的可靠性,必须要重视和加强预防维修。本文先对举高消防车液压系统进行了分析,然后,重点研究了其预防维修策略,以供参考。     

公路交通事故抢险救援之探讨

以抢救人员生命安全为主的抢险救援是《中华人民共和国消防法》赋予公安消防部门的法定职责,如何提高公路交通事故救援效率,最大程度挽救人员生命,是公安消防部门必须研究的课题,本文从事故原因分析、抢险救援措施等方面对这一问题进行探讨。     

整合资源 完善机制 健全社会救援体系

通过对建立完善的社会救援体系的客观需要的研究,探讨我国建立社会救援体系的途径及建立社会救援体系面临的主要问题和措施,得出建立集消防、救援、救护功能于一身的救援体系有利于城市整体抗御灾害能力的提高。随着社会的发展,各种灾害事故不断增多,突发性、特殊性、复杂性特点明显,救援难度大,这都迫切需要城市建立快捷、高效、功能齐全的社会救援体系,全面提高救灾功能。整合社会资源,完善社会救援机制,建立以消防部队为主体,社会各种抢险救援力量共同参与的集消防、救灾、救护于一体的社会抢险救援体系是全面提高城市救灾能力的有效途径。     

浅析煤矿应急救援技术

随着我国煤矿事业的快速发展,煤矿事故也随之频繁发生,尤其是最近几年的重大煤矿事故的发生,让人们不得不对煤矿的安全性担忧。这就要求国家应建立健全的煤矿应急救援技术组织机构和抢险救援队伍,提高应急救援的技术和成功率。实现这些要求的前提在于政府的大力支持,政府应根据具体的需要,建立更为完善的规章制度,为相关救援机构或组织提供人力、物力和财力方面的支援,对此进行系统全面的总结,做好应急救援的各方面准备,使其在执行过程中能充分发挥快速、及时、高效的系统反应,尽可能把损失降低到最小范围,实现应急救援的有效价值。     

输气干线爆管安全应急预案

油气管道具有点多、线长、面广等特点,安全管理难度很大。天然气管道输送和储存的为易燃、易爆、有毒的介质,天然气泄漏可能引起火灾、爆炸和中毒甚至死亡等重大事故,需要及时、有效地抢险和救援,才能防止事故扩大,减少人员伤亡和财产损失。要从容地应付紧急情况,需要周密的应急计划、严密的应急组织、精干的应急队伍、灵敏的报警系统和完备的应急救援设施。因此,输气干线爆管必须制定事故应急救援预案。     

浅析高压输电线路应急救援施工管理

结合本人多年施工经验及抢险施工经历,本文主要阐述了高压输电线路在遇到特殊情况或自然灾害时应急救援的项目管理。简言之即是将高压输电线路项目管理和应急救援有机结合起来,形成一套应对意外情况造成高压电力输电线路灾害事故的应急、抢险、恢复等作用的管理方法。     

计算机与云技术在消防应急通信中的应用

<正>消防救援过程中的应急通信主要是针对正在发生的灾害救援抢险指挥任务提供顺畅信息交互的辅助功能,如多发的严重火灾险情、重大的自然灾害、救援抢险等灾害,借助科学合理的现场应急通信工作,能够确保救援任务有条不紊地推进。本文由目前环境下的消防过程应急通信过程中的计算机以及云平台相关科技的基本特点着手,进行详尽的分析和研究,通过和实际情况的有机融合,明确其实际应用价值和现实意义。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.