研究生参与本科实验教学发挥重要作用

实验教学是培养学生实践能力、创新精神和科学素质的重要手段，在读研究生在实验教学环节中可发挥重要作用，可以从事实验教学和实验室管理工作。该文着重探讨在高校实验教学中，研究生参与助教助管工作的必要性和迫切性，以及研究生如何做好助教助管工作。     

计算机辅助英语教学(CALL)教学模式

本文分析了以计算机和互联网为基础的计算机辅助英语教学(CALL)的特点及其优势，尝试性提出了适合于现代英语教与学的新型外语教学模式，以及创建这种模式所应具备的条件。     

论形体训练在健美操教学中的突出作用及教学方法

在现在的高校体育教学中,健美操教学已经成为主要内容之一。健美操训练有利于增强学生的身体素质,同时有利于学生的形体塑造和气质的培养。形体训练与健美操教学时相辅相成的作用,笔者针对形体训练对健美的突出作用和教学方式进行探析。     

CAI课件对物理实验的辅助教学

介绍多媒体CAI课件对物理实验预习的辅助作用及CAI课件的内容和结构     

Primary initial teacher trainees' perceptions of and perspectives on the role of the teaching assistant in English primary contexts

This article focuses on exploring initial teacher trainees' experiences and perspectives on the role of the teaching assistant (TA) in mainstream primary contexts. A backdrop of shrinking school budgets coupled with a ‘mainstream for all’ political agenda is contributing to growing uncertainty about the role of TAs in education. This article presents the results of a small-scale empirical study, involving 75 initial teacher trainees at the University of Cambridge. Trainees' perspectives regarding the roles/responsibilities that TAs have been seen to undertake and perceptions regarding the impact of the TAs they worked with were ascertained, with the aim of exploring how well current ITT content prepares students for an effective teacher/TA working relationship. Concept modelling was used as an analysis tool, to present visual representations of these perceptions. Trainees emphasised the administrative, pedagogical and pastoral roles that TAs were perceived to undertake and specifically highlighted the perceived ability of TAs to support students displaying needs relating to social, emotional and mental health. The findings highlight that the vague nature of current ITT content in relation to the role of TAs continues to serve as a barrier to students building coherent and consistent understandings of the successful deployment of TAs in English primary contexts.     

网络模式下英语学习自我效能感研究

自我效能感作为个体对自己在某种环境中行为能力自信程度的判断,其高低程度影响学生的学习行为与学习效果。针对学生自我效能感的调研,有助于教师对网络模式下学生的学习状态有更好的认识。对调研数据进行了统计与分析,同时提出了提升学生英语学习自我效能感的若干建议。     

工程化学教学中学生学习自我效能感的提高

学习自我效能感是影响学生学习成绩的重要因素。工程化学学习自我效能感是学习自我效能感理论在工程化学学习领域中的具体表现,是学生个体对自己能否在一定水平上完成工程化学学习所具有能力的判断或自信程度的评价。本文在阐明工程化学教学基本原则的基础上,讨论了教师如何在教学过程中有意培养和提升学生的学习自我效能感,以达到良好的教学效果。     

面向语义Web智能实验教学辅助系统的研发

语义Web的兴起,为实验教学知识服务系统的发展带来了新的机遇。结合语义Web相关技术,设计了面向语义Web智能实验教学辅助系统,(intelligent experimental teaching assistant system,IETAS),阐述了IETAS实现过程及关键技术,IETAS系统为学生提供了Web访问界面,实现了网络教学环境下的智能实验学习。     

Emotions and teaching styles among academics: the mediating role of research and teaching efficacy

The key purpose of this research was to investigate the mediating role of academics’ self-efficacy in teaching and research (termed ‘academic self-efficacy’) in the relationship between emotions in teaching and teaching styles. Two hundred and thirty-two academics from 13 higher educational institutions in Shanghai, mainland China, responded to three self-report inventories, each assessing academics’ emotions in teaching, efficacy in teaching and research, and teaching styles, respectively. Results showed that academics’ emotions in teaching statistically predicted teaching styles, both directly and indirectly – through academic self-efficacy. Findings have enriched the literature on emotions in teaching, that on teaching styles, and that on teacher/academic self-efficacy. Practical implications are proposed in relation to academics and university senior managers.     

Improved medical student perception of ultrasound using a paired anatomy teaching assistant and clinician teaching model

This study describes a new teaching model for ultrasound (US) training, and evaluates its effect on medical student attitudes toward US. First year medical students participated in hands‐on US during human gross anatomy (2014 N = 183; 2015 N = 182). The sessions were facilitated by clinicians alone in 2014, and by anatomy teaching assistant (TA)‐clinician pairs in 2015. Both cohorts completed course evaluations which included five US‐related items on a four‐point scale; cohort responses were compared using Mann‐Whitney U tests with significance threshold set at 0.05. The 2015 survey also evaluated the TAs (three items, five‐point scale). With the adoption of the TA‐clinician teaching model, student ratings increased significantly for four out of five US‐items: “US advanced my ability to learn anatomy” increased from 2.91 ± 0.77 to 3.35 ± 0.68 (P < 0.0001), “Incorporating US increased my interest in anatomy” from 3.05 ± 0.84 to 3.50 ± 0.71 (P < 0.0001), “US is relevant to my current educational needs” from 3.36 ± 0.63 to 3.54 ± 0.53 (P = 0.015), and “US training should start in Phase I” from 3.36 ± 0.71 to 3.56 ± 0.59 (P = 0.010). Moreover, more than 84% of students reported that TAs enhanced their understanding of anatomy (mean 4.18 ± 0.86), were a valuable part of US training (mean 4.23 ± 0.89), and deemed the TAs proficient in US (mean 4.24 ± 0.86). By using an anatomy TA‐clinician teaching team, this study demonstrated significant improvements in student perceptions of the impact of US on anatomy education and the relevancy of US training to the early stages of medical education. Anat Sci Educ 11: 175–184. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

PBL教学模式在工程训练教学中的探索与实践

介绍了PBL教学模式及其特点,并根据工程训练教学性质和教学方法改革的需要,提出将PBL教学模式应用于工程训练教学中的观点。说明了工程训练教学对PBL教学模式的适应性,介绍了PBL教学模式在工程训练教学中的组织安排和实施过程。通过PBL教学实际探索和应用,总结了PBL教学模式应用于工程训练的重要意义。有针对性地指出目前工程训练对PBL教学模式存在着亟待解决的障碍性问题。     

Dealing with school violence: The effect of school violence prevention training on teachers' perceived self-efficacy in dealing with violent events

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio antropológico fue comprender la experiencia de violencia escolar que viven los adolescentes en el contexto de probreza crónica en una comunidad de Africa del Sur.Método: Para la recolección de los datos se utilizaron métodos cualitativos como observación participativa, entrevistas y discusiones en grupos. Diez y seis niños y tres adultos mantuvieron diarios y escribieron los reportes durante el período de la investigación de trs años y medio (Junio 1992-Diciembre 1995). Los siete alumnos Standard (N = 76) de la escuela local completaron un cuestionario de auto-concepto y escribieron dos ensayos sobre sí mismos y sus vidas, respectivamente.Resultados: La ideología y las estructuras del apartheid crearon un contexto de empobrecimiento y violencia estructural a la que los niños habían sido expuestos. La escuela era una de las instituciones sociales donde los niños eran sometidos a biolencia estructural, psicológica y física diariamente. La conducta violenta o disciplinaria era utilizada por padres y maestros autoritarios como práctica justa y efectiva de enseñanza. Las manifestaciones de la pobreza incluían erosión emocional, un auto-concepto negativo y violencia reactiva.Conclusiones: La violencia escolar estaba estructuralmente entremezclada con el tejido mismo de la jerarquía social del contexto escolar y considerada una estrategia efectiva para adquirir control social y para disciplinar a los niños. La pobreza en sí misma ofrecía el caldo de cultivo para la violencia en el hogar y en la escuela. Los niños estaban atrapados en un círculo vicioso de violencia pro- y reactiva; y socializados para aceptar la violencia como un instrumento de poder. Se ofrecieron recomendaciones para posibles intervenciones y futuras investigaciones.

南疆双语教学中“学困生”自我效能感的培养

由于南疆部分地区汉语语言环境的缺失,双语学习对有些民族学生而言,无疑是个巨大的挑战。文章通过访谈法发现双语"学困生"的自我效能感偏低,从学生、学校和家长三方面分析"学困生"自我效能感偏低的原因。最后,从归因方式的训练、学习动机的激发、教学策略的转变、目标的设置等方面提出增强"学困生"自我效能感的有效途径。     

Developing teaching self-efficacy in research institutions: A study of award-winning professors

The purpose of this study was to assess the sources of award-wining research professors’ (six women; six men) teaching self-efficacy through the framework of Bandura’s (1986) social cognitive theory. Semi-structured interviews revealed that mastery experiences and social persuasions were particularly influential sources of self-efficacy and that these sources tended to be closely related. Professors reported that their self-efficacy had generally stabilized within their first few years of assuming a tenure-track position. Participants framed negative events in adaptive ways that had little cost to their teaching self-efficacy.     

Creative self-efficacy: An intervention study

This study examined the effects of creativity training on creative self-efficacy. We developed a creativity course based on social cognitive theory. The course was conducted in two formats: a five-day course and a condensed one-day course. Samples consisted of students and municipality employees (five-day course), and special education teachers (one-day course). Students from a mathematics and statistics course constituted a control group. We measured creative self-efficacy before and after the intervention, and self-efficacy improved significantly for both the five-day and the one-day courses, while the control group showed no changes in creative self-efficacy. Self-efficacy levels increased significantly for both students and municipality employees. A follow-up assessment two months after completing the five-day course showed no decline in creative self-efficacy.     

自我效能感在体育大学生田径教学中的培养

自我效能研究是近年来教育学、心理学领域的热门问题。文章分析影响运动自我效能感形成的因素,提出一些培养体育大学生自我效能感在田径训练中的措施和建议。     

浅谈声乐教学中的美感训练

声乐教学中的美感训练,正是建立在生命感知这一基础之上的一种教育活动,并且在这一教学活动本身,孕育和充满了歌唱嗓音艺术的生机和活力。美感训练问题在声乐教学中应始终置放于一个特殊的重要位置。     

微格教学与新手教师培训

我国每年都有大批新手教师步入教学岗位,然而其教学技能却不尽如人意。利用微格教学对新手教师进行培训不仅能帮助新手教师提高教学技能,尽快适应工作环境和教学岗位的需求,而且能促进教师队伍专业化的发展。     

Trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy: A longitudinal analysis of self-efficacy and its sources

The beliefs children hold about their capabilities as readers are known to influence their reading achievement. The aim of this study was to extend previous work by examining trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy among primary school students (N = 1327) and the relations between the trajectories of self-efficacy and their hypothesized sources over 11 months. Using growth mixture modeling, we identified four trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy, involving increasing, stable, and declining trends. These trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy were associated with students’ varying experiences with the four sources of self-efficacy over time. Higher levels of mastery, verbal persuasion, and vicarious experiences and lower levels of physiological arousal were related to positive developmental trajectories of self-efficacy. Students with declining experiences of social sources of self-efficacy (i.e., verbal persuasions and vicarious experiences) had decreasing self-efficacy trajectories. These findings point to the importance of considering the variability in changes in reading self-efficacy and the interplay between changes in self-efficacy and sources of self-efficacy during primary school years, as well as the importance of monitoring these changes over time.