Rhythmic history: Towards a new research agenda for the history of health and medicine

Rhythm characterizes life on Earth. Daily physiological rhythms of eating and fasting, sleeping and waking, moving and resting, are common to almost all life forms which evolved under the solar light–dark cycle. Despite their ubiquity, historians of health and medicine have yet to grapple with the lived experiences of these daily rhythms in the past. This paper presents a potential new research agenda in ‘rhythmic history’ that understands rhythmicity as something which lies between biology and culture. Thinking with rhythms offers exciting opportunities to unite previously disparate historical studies of daily rhythms like eating and sleeping and opens up a new way to view the enmeshed connections between body and environment. In this paper, I take inspiration from the scientific concept of the ‘zeitgeber’ (‘time giver’), coined by the German chronobiologist Jürgen Aschoff, to frame a review of current literature relating to rhythms and explore Henry Lefebvre’s notion of ‘rhythmanalysis’ as a methodological tool for historians undertaking ‘rhythmic histories’.     

Modern stereotype,and the mechanics of the newspaper

The extraordinary speed attained in the production of a modern newspaper is not alone clue to the very perfect design of the presses and their high degree of refinement. The press-work constitutes but the final operation of several important steps. One of these is the manufacture of stereotype plates or replicas of the type-composition which are bent to a cylindrical form for use in the modern high-speed rotary press. Upon the perfection of these, much of the excellence of modern newspaper press-work depends. The author reviews the growth of the art in keeping pace with modern needs and describes in detail how the solution of the problems encountered in its development has evolved the modern perfected autoplate process.     

DNA fingerprinting on trial: the dramatic early history of a new forensic technique

The early history of "DNA fingerprinting" in the UK might have been different were it not for the accounts of two dramatic courtroom trials, made by the participants and the media, in the mid-1980s. But these reports, which misrepresented the importance DNA evidence had in the trials, left a strong impression on the British public and on judges on both sides of the Atlantic. These trials, widely considered to be the first "victories" for DNA fingerprinting, have been frequently cited as proof of the utility and reliability of the technique, in both the UK and beyond. But in reality, it was the threat of DNA evidence being used rather than the integrity or validity of it that resolved these cases. At that time, DNA fingerprinting was still in its infancy, an untried and untested technology.     

新场须四下亚段沉积相精细描述

根据高分辨层序地层学和沉积特征,新场须四下亚段可划分为TX48、TX49、TX410三套砂组。主要为辫状河三角洲相的粗碎屑沉积,其中砾岩、砂砾岩属超致密储层,砂岩主要为致密储层,天然气产出须裂缝沟通,砂岩为储集空间的主要提供者但不发育裂缝,而砾岩发育。因此,用分流河道和水下分流河道微相难以描述有利储集体,需细化微相。根据沉积构造、岩性组合、电性等识别标志,将其分为砾质、砂砾质以及砂质(水下)分流河道微相、河口坝、远砂坝沉积微相。通过地球物理技术的精细刻画,揭示研究区北部、中部储层沉积微相以三角洲平原砾质、砂砾质以及砂质分流河道为主,而往南以三角洲前缘亚相的河口坝、远砂坝沉积微相为主,细化了储层的空间展布规律,可为后续的储层储集性能的研究及储层评价提供有力支撑。     

新产品研发流程中的质量差距和知识差距

摘要：本文分析了质量差距与知识差距之间的关系,构建了新产品研发流程中质量差距和知识差距的数学模型。在新产品研发流程中,质量差距主要来源于知识差距;质量差距和知识差距分别是由研发流程各阶段产生的质量差距和与之对应的知识差距积累起来的;质量差距随研发进程呈非线性增大趋势;前期阶段产生的质量差距对总质量差距的贡献较大。在知识过程一个循环中,知识差距随知识过程进程呈非线性增大趋势;知识过程前期阶段产生的知识差距对总知识差距的贡献较大;新产品研发流程中产生的总知识差距等于研发流程中每一个知识过程循环的知识差距之和。     

西部开发的广义梯度推移战略

传统梯度理论的破缺论争引致了广义梯度理论逻辑起点的探寻 ;广义梯度理论的理论要旨和扩展空间标识了广义梯度理论的学术魅力和实践能力 ;广义梯度推移战略是聚综合性、层次性、多元开放性、多视角优势互补性、经济中心多极化和区域经济布局网络化、制度的可持续性于一身的一种梯度推移战略。