蜂胶在畜产和水产防腐保鲜上的应用

阐述了蜂胶的生物学特性及对畜产和水产的防腐机理。综述了国内外蜂胶在畜产和水产防腐保鲜方面的研究现状，并指出蜂胶防腐的研究和开发前景。     

蜂胶产品的开发研究

以蜂胶软胶囊、蜂胶口服液、蜂胶微胶囊、蜂胶口香糖、蜂胶润肤霜和复方蜂胶纳米乳为例,介绍了目前国内蜂胶产品的开发情况。并对蜂胶产品的应用前景进行了展望。     

人源性防御素的结构与功能

人防御素是一类具有广谱抗微生物活性的小分子多肽,在抗感染和杀伤肿瘤细胞等方面作用强大,且病菌株对它产生耐药性的可能性小,有关研究目前已成热点。本文对人防御素种类和分子结构、生物学活性、应用前景等方面作了较全面的论述。     

硒多糖的研究进展

硒多糖是一种硒化合物,硒多糖以其特有的硒和多糖的生物学活性成为近年来研究的热点,对硒多糖的来源、硒多糖的分离纯化及鉴定、硒多糖的生理活性等方面进行了综述。     

新型抗肿瘤抗生素布雷菲德菌素A的研究进展

布雷菲德菌素A是一种天然存在的大环内酯类抗生素,能有效抑制蛋白质由内质网向高尔基体的转运过程,是一种广泛应用于哺乳动物信号传导研究的分子工具;布雷菲德菌素A具有抗真菌、抗病毒、抗有丝分裂、抗肿瘤等生物学活性,布雷菲德菌素A及其衍生物是重要的抗肿瘤候选药。本文综述了布雷菲德菌素A的理化性质、作用机制、生物学活性、生产方法及其结构修饰等方面的研究进展。     

纳米材料在蜂胶中的应用

简述了纳米材料的基本性质,初步探究了纳米材料应用在蜂胶中对其性能的改善,如:提高蜂胶的生物活性,增强蜂胶的抗菌效果,改善蜂胶粘度大,易贴瓶,难以吸收等弱点。     

芳香植物藿香的开发与应用现状

藿香中的生物活性成分丰富多样,本文对芳香植物藿香的生物学特征、藿香中的活性成分、藿香在药用和食用方面的应用进行了阐述和归纳。     

对药品冷冻干燥技术工艺的研究

由于冻干药品呈多孔状、能长时间稳定贮存、并易重新复水而恢复活性，因此冷冻干燥技术广泛应用于制备固体蛋白质药物、口服速溶药物及药物包埋剂脂质体等药品。进入上个世纪的八九十年代，科学技术的迅猛发展和人民群众对健康保障的需求为药品冷冻干燥技术的飞速发展提供了强大的动力，在药品冻干损伤和保护机理、药品冻干工艺、药品冷冻干燥机等方面取得了巨大的成绩。但药品冷冻干燥技术是一门边缘学科，需要生物学、药学、制冷、真空和控制等知识的交叉和综合，因此仍存在亟待解决的问题。     

微生物发酵技术对食品品质的影响研究

综述微生物发酵技术研究概况。从菌种的选择、发酵温度、p H值等方面考察微生物的发酵作用,同时探究微生物发酵技术对食品感官品质、营养价值及生物学活性的影响,为微生物发酵技术在食品工业领域的应用提供参考。     

蜂胶的抗癌作用

蜂胶具有抗菌、消炎、止痒、抗氧化、增强免疫、降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤等多种功能,可治疗胃溃疡、口腔溃疡、烧烫伤、皮肤裂痛,防辐射等病症。癌症是100多种相关疾病的统称。据国内外的研究和临床实践表明,蜂胶对肝癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、白血病、胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、大肠癌、口腔癌、咽喉癌、胆管癌、胰腺癌等有一定治疗作用。本文对蜂胶的抗癌作用进行综述。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence