民族传统体育与民族传统舞蹈

中国的传统体育和民族传统舞蹈是民族化中的一部分。传统体育具有民族性、传统性、娱乐性和教育性的特点，民族舞蹈有集体性、自由性、娱乐性、普及性和健身性的特点，传统体育和民族传统舞蹈共生共通，融合发展，将成为一种化发展的趋势，同时也是构成人们余暇生活的一个重要内容。     

“清江舞”在高校体育中推广的价值与意义

具有浓郁的民族特色和地域风格的创新民族舞蹈清江舞,集休闲、娱乐、表演、健身功能于一体,适合老、中、青、少各个年龄阶段,在高校体育中推广和普及与时俱进的民族舞蹈清江舞,可促使学生树立终身体育意识,形成正确的体育观念,养成自觉坚持锻炼身体的习惯,并为学校体育与社会体育接轨奠定基础。     

新疆古代突厥语族原始宗教祭祀舞蹈——撒满舞特征解读

萨满舞属于原始宗教祭祀舞蹈,既是撒满教宗教祭祀的重要表现形式,也是新疆古代突厥语族少数民族舞蹈的重要组成部分。撒满舞与新疆民族传统体育相结合对新疆少数民族的社会生活、思想观念和意识形态都有着深刻的影响,它不仅表现为对原始体育文化的透视,还是一种活态的体育文化现象。     

小学民族健身操舞的设计与实践——以海淀区民族小学民族健身操舞为例

本文以海北京市淀区民族小学民族健身操舞为例,以现代健身理论和民族健身操舞创编为基础,遵循人体生物力学及运动学的原理,将广播操、民族舞蹈有机结合,融合指向健康元素和医学元素的动作,创新性地开发融合“民族舞蹈+广播操”属性的小学民族健身操舞,并在学校实践应用。     

试论中国古代舞蹈与体育的不解之缘

舞蹈与体育,是中国古代文明中的两块瑰宝,是两种同样具有悠久历史和相似表现形式的身体语言.本文试图通过兼具舞蹈与体育之形的诸个"舞动"案例,揭示中国古代舞蹈与体育受同一信仰文化的内在影响,而在各自发展的路途中依然时常保持"亲缘"关联的特征.     

少数民族村落原生态健身舞蹈的文化功能探析——以湘西州土家族毛古斯舞为例

采用文献资料调研、实地调查、专家访谈等方法,从人类学、民俗学、教育学及民族学等多领域对湘西地区土家族毛古斯舞文化功能进行探究与解析。研究结果表明,湘西地区毛古斯舞是土家族历史悠久的一种传统的健身舞蹈。它是一种具有人物对白、情节和一定表演程式的传统民间健身舞蹈形式。毛古斯舞蕴含着艺术、健身、文化、宗教、民俗、历史等广泛的...     

赛罕区民族小学学生学习安代操的现状分析

安代舞是蒙古族传统舞蹈形式,经过时间的演变,现今的安代舞的动作与体育项目动作相近,安代操由此简化而来,安代操其浓郁的民间本色和豪放的民族特点,倍受蒙古族人民的喜爱.不局限于人数,不拘泥于动作,无论低高年级学生,都可以随着音乐做起安代操,对强身健体,愉悦心情有积极作用。民族地区的体育课教学应与民族特色相结合,保护和弘扬民族传统文化,培养德才兼备,体能健全,适合时代发展的全面人才。文章采用文献资料法,在具体的小学生学习安代操过程中遇到的问题进行了分析,并提出其解决方法。     

少数民族传统体育舞蹈传承发展的路径

少数民族舞蹈是民族文化传承的一种有形表现形式。通过文献资料、田野实证等研究方法分析少数民族传统舞蹈文化特征及其现状,并提出传承发展少数民族传统舞蹈的路径,必将促进民族舞蹈事业的繁荣和发展,对构建和谐社会起着重要的内在作用。     

对高校体育教育中引入长阳巴山舞的可行性研究

长阳巴山舞是在土家人传统跳丧舞基础上,由＂土家舞王＂、＂东方之子＂覃发池进行了创新、改编而成的群众自娱性广场舞蹈。文章针对当前高校体育教育现状存在的具体问题,审视了长阳巴山舞在高校体育教育中的积极作用,分析了将长阳巴山舞引入高校体育教育的必要性、可行性及注意问题,分析表明：长阳巴山舞引入高校体育教育,可激发大学生体育锻炼兴趣,养成终身体育锻炼的习惯,还可成为新时期＂传承民族文化,弘扬民族精神＂的具体实践途径之一。     

民族传统体育项目的舞蹈艺术教学研究

采用文献资料法等,分析了民族传统体育项目融入舞蹈艺术教学遇到的问题。主要结论：提出了在民族传统体育教学基础上有机融入舞蹈艺术教学的对策,逐一探讨了具体教学理论内容,主要包括：目标设置、教学内容、教学方法与形式、教学评价。建议：体育科研部门要深度挖掘民族传统体育项目舞蹈艺术价值;在学校体育中积极推广民族传统体育与舞蹈艺术结合的规定动作;为提高民族传统体育教学质量,拓展课程资源,组织学习舞蹈艺术相关的理论和技术,提高教师综合素质和专业技能;相关政府部门加大相关科研扶持力度,建立科学教学研究体系。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探

根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。     

Effect of 6 weeks of endurance training on the lactate minimum speed

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity.