全纳性教育与全纳性思想──参加“中国一体化教育学术研讨会”有感

本文从我国的国情出发，阐明了全纳性教育思想和全纳性精神在我国推行全纳性教育工作中的地位和作用，并指出“全纳性教育思想”是全纳性教育的精神支柱。     

论全纳性教育课堂教学资源的有效利用

全纳性教育课堂教学对象存在的客观性、广泛性决定了在教学过程中只有合理、有效地利用教学资源,才能在最大程度上开发所有学生尤其是特殊需要学生的个性潜能,使它们获得全面和谐的发展。全纳性教育课堂教学资源的有效利用,能在一定程度上为全纳教育课堂教学顺利实施提供一定的借鉴意义。     

论全纳教育的教育原则

要实施全纳性教育 ,就须遵循全纳教育的基本原则 :主体性原则、教育正常化原则、早期干预原则、成功教育原则、平等教育原则、系统教育原则、个别化教育原则等。当前推进全纳性教育还存在许多问题 ,因此必须形成关于全纳性教育的系统理论 ,在全纳性教育的原则指导下 ,推进全纳性教育改革。     

全纳教育:未来之路——对全纳教育理念的思考与解读

"全纳教育:未来之路"是联合国教科文组织于2008年11月在日内瓦召开的第48届国际教育大会的主题,是国际社会目前已形成共识并极力倡导推动的理念.联合国教科文组织的文件表明,全纳教育是实现全民教育的重要途径和主要策略,是整个教育体系的发展归宿.中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,举办着世界上最大规模的教育,推进全纳教育将毫无疑问地促进全纳教育在全球范围内的发展.     

全纳教育的具体落实:全纳学校

自1994年“全纳教育”理念提出以来,本着实现全民教育、形成全纳社会的目的,不少国家都进行了全纳教育的研究和实践。学校参与全纳教育计划是发展全纳教育、具体落实全纳教育的重要途径,如何选择实验学校、引导和帮助学校实现全纳的转变,是全纳教育研究的重要课题。     

走向全纳教育--新加坡特殊需要教育发展概览

新加坡国土狭小 ,没有任何资源 ,唯一拥有的就是人。因此人才成为新加坡的唯一资源 ,只有充分发挥每一个新加坡人的潜能才能取得国家繁荣。经济的增长给新加坡有特殊需要者的教育向全纳教育的发展提供了坚强的后盾。本文拟简单介绍新加坡全纳教育的起步和发展 ,以期对我国有所启发。     

学生参与及全纳教育的实施

全纳教育是一种重组学校资源．改善教学策略以适应学生多样性学习需要的意愿与价值倾向（Johnston＆Warwick，1999）。它强调“加强学生的参与．减少学生被排斥”。因此在全纳学校中，学生的参与问题显得非常的重要。[第一段]     

PROMOTING AN INCLUSIVE IMAGE OF SCIENTISTS AMONG STUDENTS: TOWARDS RESEARCH EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE

This study aims at investigating the effects of a teaching intervention, the design of which is informed by evidence from educational theories and research data, on students’ images of scientists. A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent pre-test–post-test control group (CG) was used to compare the outcomes of the intervention. The subjects of the study were 63 grade 6 (aged 12 and 13) students who were in two different classes and taught by two different teachers. The study was undertaken in ten class hours over a 4-week period, during which the topics related to matter and heat concepts were covered as a part of the regular Turkish Science and Technology Curriculum. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two classes in terms of their achievements in the Science and Technology course (t(63) = −0.943, p > 0.05). Accordingly, one of the classes was randomly selected as the experimental group (EG). A modified version of the Draw-a-Scientist Test, in conjunction with individual interviews, was used to assess students’ images of scientists at the beginning and end of the study. The results showed that students who had followed evidence-informed instruction had significant gains from the pre-test to the post-test regarding their images of scientists compared to students with traditional instruction. Many students in the EG started to view scientists as realistic people rather than as extraordinary people or mythical creatures. Nevertheless, several students in the CG held images of scientists and their work which fit a stereotype of scientists as male, bald, bespectacled, wearing a laboratory coat, working alone in a laboratory environment and having a limited social life. Some possible implications for teaching and further research are discussed.     

CASE MANAGERS FOR SENIORS: EDUCATIONAL NEEDS AND OPPORTUNITIES

Case management is widely recognized as an important component of an effective model for delivering health and social services in the community. In Canada, case management is increasingly being adopted as a method of providing long‐term services to older clients. Professionals working in community‐based, long‐term care require training specific to their roles as case managers for seniors. Gerontology educators can respond to case managers’ learning needs by developing and providing innovative programs. This article reports on an assessment of the training needs of health and social service personnel who perform case management functions on a long‐term basis with elderly clients in Canada, the extent and type of case management training currently provided by Canadian agencies, and an outline of curriculum options designed to address case manager training needs.     

A CASE FOR PROPHYLACTIC COUNSELLING WITH SCHOOL CHILDREN: AN EXAMINATION OF GENDER DIFFERENCES

Children leaving school for higher education face many stresses. It is suggested that teachers, parents and other counsellors can help prevent the worst effects of these. Previous research has indicated that girls are more likely to be stressed than boys. The present study suggests this finding may be unduly influenced by the presence of mature students for when mature students are not included girls are no more stressed than boys. It is suggested the two sexes should be treated equally and the labelling of girls as more stressed can be harmful. The main areas of potential stress were Internal needs and financial problems. Examination stress took a lower position than in other studies. It is suggested counselling should involve attitude change rather than Information giving.     

ACTION RESEARCH WITH GRADUATE STUDENTS: A TOOL FOR ACTIVE LEARNING

Abstract

This research explored the needs, expectations, and experiences of early childhood teachers as they worked together in graduate study. The study looked at data collected from graduate students in three courses that were part of a pilot program. In this program, traditional (M.Ed. students) and non‐traditional (uncertified teachers working in low SES urban child care centers) graduate students were enrolled in the same early childhood graduate courses. Following New Jersey Supreme Court mandated universal preschool in 30 low SES districts, non‐traditional students were required to obtain the new (P‐3) teaching certification. Results showed that most students valued their learning experiences. Additionally, combining the two groups of learners created significantly more ethnic diversity in the graduate classes. Challenges included decreasing class size, creating a sense of community for learners from diverse backgrounds and experiences, and maintaining the rigor of course material while meeting the needs of students who do not have a strong theoretical background.     

TEACHING WITH TELEVISION: AN AMERICAN SYSTEM

The origins and growth of the use of CCTV at Worcester Polytechnic Institute are described, together with the present range of activities. VCR material forms an important component in many courses: the special facilities created to allow easy preparation of this material, either as a straightforward lecture or in a classroom situation with feedback, are dealt with     

A NEW SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR STUDENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS

At its 33rd meeting in Linkd‐ping (12‐14 May 1976) the Council of Europe's Committee for Higher Education and Research (CHER) will analyse the problem of financial aid to students in its member states. Ministries of Education in the member states of the Council of Europe have prepared their national reports on this sub‐ject, based on a questionnaire sent out by CHER. In the last issue of our Bulletin we gave a report on “State Study. Assistance in Sweden”. In this issue we give information on the new system of financial assistance in the Netherlands.

The former system had raised certain objections, not so much to the extent of the total financial assistance given, as to the qualifications for eligibility which many thought were inappropriate to the situation of a great number of students. The various component part's affected each other and the result was often dependent on marginal changes in the financial circumstances of either parents or student. These disadvantages have led to the formulation of the new system, which will be introduced gradually.     

AN APPROACH IN GERONTOLOGY EDUCATION FOR OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY STUDENTS

This article outlines the undergraduate degree and postgraduate diploma programs offered by the School of Occupational Therapy at the South Australian Institute of Technology, Adelaide. It gives particular focus to the gerontology component of the undergraduate program and demonstrates how the mission and content of this unit reflect the professional purpose. Finally, some challenges and dilemmas confronting the educator in delivering such a course are outlined in the hope that others may respond and some common ground may be identified.