Counseling Self-Efficacy of International Counseling Students in the U.S.: the Impact of Foreign Language Anxiety and Acculturation

This study examined the influence of international counseling students’ (ICSs) acculturation and foreign language anxiety on their counseling self-efficacy (CSE). Results indicated that foreign language anxiety significantly predicted ICSs’ CSE, while acculturation needs further examination in this regard. Discussion and implications for counselor training and research are provided.     

美日经济发展历程对中国经济发展的启示

文章从政府政策导向、企业文化和社会文化三个方面分析了美国、日本及东南亚国家经济发展的历程及其对中国经济发展的启示.指出政府政策导向、企业文化和社会文化是影响经济体经济发展的重要因素.     

Bullying and Social Anxiety in Chinese Children: Moderating Roles of Trait Resilience and Psychological Suzhi

Research examining the relationship between bullying victimization and social anxiety has mainly been conducted in Western countries, and little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. This study explores the correlation between bullying victimization and social anxiety in a Chinese context and determines the moderating roles of psychological suzhi (a mental quality characterized by being steady, essential and implicit that affects adaptive, developmental, and creative behavior) and trait resilience among victims of bullying. Data were obtained from a stratified sample of 1903 children in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. All participants completed measures of bullying victimization, social anxiety, trait resilience, and psychological suzhi. The results indicated that, after controlling for grade, residential area, and parental marital status, bullying victimization positively predicted children’s social anxiety. In addition, multi-group analysis suggested that the association in girls was stronger relative to that observed in boys. Regarding underlying processes, trait resilience moderated the effect of bullying victimization on social anxiety only in girls. Further assessment of the latent interaction effects indicated that the protective effect of trait resilience was stronger for girls experiencing high, relative to low, levels of bullying victimization, and psychological suzhi buffered against the detrimental effects of bullying on children’s social anxiety. Most notably, unlike the moderating effect of resilience, the buffering effect of psychological suzhi against social anxiety was most prominent when bullying victimization was low. Findings underscore the importance of enhancing trait resilience and psychological suzhi in interventions designed to reduce children’s social anxiety.     

论研究型大学在美国科技创新中的作用

科技发展需要人才,人才的培养则靠教育。研究型大学在美国科技创新中扮演了十分重要的角色,美国研究型大学的成功经验,对于正在实施科教兴国战略和建设世界一流大学的中国无疑具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Associations among Adult Attachment Representations, Maternal Sensitivity, and Infant-Mother Attachment in a Sample of Adolescent Mothers

Associations among adolescent attachment organization, maternal sensitivity, and infant attachment organization were examined prospectively in 74 teenaged mother-infant dyads. Pregnant teenagers' attachment organizations predicted both sensitivity and infant-mother attachments. Mothers classified autonomous (F) in the prenatal period showed higher levels of sensitivity at both 3 and 9 months than mothers classified dismissing (Ds), preoccupied (E), or unresolved (U). Correspondence between maternal attachment (F vs. Ds/E/U) and infant attachment (secure [B] vs. avoidant [A]/resistant [C]/ disorganized [D]) was observed in 58 of 74 (78%) dyads. Exact 4-group (Ds/E/F/U and A/B/C/D) agreement was observed in 50 of 74 (68%) families. In contrast, associations between maternal sensitivity and infant attachment were not significant, leading to questions about the processes that link attachment representations, maternal behavior, and infant attachment in adolescent mothers.     

美国数学教育培养学生创新能力窥见

美国是当今世界所公认的教育强国,但一般中小学生的数学成绩不如中国。特别是近20年来,美国参加世界性的数学竞赛或“国际教育进展评价”组织的检验数学知识和技能的笔试中,中小学生的成绩几乎都倒数第一、第二。如何看待这似乎“矛盾”的事实?国际数学界议论,美国的发达恰恰与中小学生的成绩有关系。美国的数学教育很     

美国教师组织角色探析

美国教师组织以专业团体、学术团体、工会团体等身份积极参与到教育改革之中,致力于促进教学专业化、维护教师权益和推动教育现代化等方面工作.对美国教育的整体发展和全面进步发挥了重要作用.     

美国高等教育立法的效力及作用

本文详细阐述了美国高等教育立法对美国高等教育及社会的发展所具有的资助、引导和管理的三种效力 ,并用法律文本和高等教育发展事实例证了三种效力在美国社会及高等教育发展中的作用。     

The Relationship Between Active Coping and Trait Resilience Across U.S. and Taiwanese College Student Samples

This study compared predictors of active coping (people's tendency to actively cope with stress) among college students in the United States and Taiwan. In both samples, trait resilience predicted active coping and mediated the effect of self‐efficacy on active coping. The findings indicate that trait resilience influences college students' active coping with stress, regardless of their cultural backgrounds. Implications on how to help college students enhance trait resilience are discussed.     

Personnel accounting timeliness: An HPI case study from the U.S. Navy

The U.S. Navy must account for the whereabouts of 350, 000 sailors, so maintaining accurate personnel accounting records is critical. However, personnel records are not always updated in a timely fashion. The human performance improvement model was applied to the timeliness of personnel transactions performance gap, with encouraging results.     

美国西部开发对中国西部大开发的启示

美国历史上进行的长达200年的西部开发，对于推进美国农业，工业和科技现代化，实现美国经济振兴和发展起到了巨大作用，我国实施的西部大开发战略是一项宏大的系统工程，在实施西部大开发的过程中，必须坚持从我国的国情出发，探索一条中国特色的西部大开发道路，同时，应当认真总结和借鉴美国西部开发的经验教训。     

The Spiral of Silence and Conflict Avoidance: Examining Antecedents of Opinion Expression Concerning the U.S. Military Buildup in the Pacific Island of Guam

The present study examines the role of local news media in influencing perceived public support for a controversial political issue, and merges a key proposition of the spiral of silence theory with literature on conflict avoidance to analyze antecedents of political outspokenness among a representative sample of registered voters in the Western Pacific Island of Guam. Respondents were asked about their perceptions of local news media and public support for, and willingness to express opinions about, the relocation of roughly 8,600 U.S. Marines and about 10,000 of their dependents and civilian support from Okinawa, Japan to Guam. Results show that perceived support from local news media predicted perceived public support. Perceived public support for one's opinions positively predicted, and conflict avoidance negatively predicted, willingness to express opinions. The positive association between perceived public support for one's opinions and willingness to express opinions was stronger among those who had higher conflict avoidance than those who had lower conflict avoidance.     

美国版权产业及其对外贸易透视

本文对美国版权产业及其对外贸易状况作了简要述评,指出,在过去的25年里,无论是从版权产业 对GDP的贡献。还是从它带动就业和出口贸易方面来看,迅速崛起的美国版权产业都是引领美国经济发展的重要 产业和动力。     

从经济学角度重新审视美国教育的公共目的

教育是公共产品还是私人产品近年来受到广泛的讨论,本文从经济学的角度回顾了美国教育的目的。中小学教育的公共性主要体现在公民教育;高等教育的公共性主要体现在知识创造和文化传承;职业教育的公共性主要体现在培养合格的劳动者。教育应该重新强调其公共性。     

Memory Self-Efficacy,Aging, and Memory Performance: The Roles of Effort and Persistence

The relative importance of mental effort, as indicated by strategy use, and persistence as potential mediators of the memory self-efficacy (MSE)/memory performance relationship was investigated within a sample of 26 adults aged 65 years and older. It was found that persistence but not strategy use was predictive of performance on a free-recall task. Age-related declines were found in persistence, performance, and MSE but not in strategy use. Counter to expectation, neither strategy use nor persistence was significantly related to a global measure of MSE. These results highlight the importance in MSE research of distinguishing mental effort and persistence, of task-specific measures of MSE, and of considering age-related changes within the elderly population. Implications for MSE intervention programs are briefly discussed.