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Jens Peter Thomsen 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2012,33(4):565-585
This paper examines the relationship between social background, choice of university programme and academic culture among Danish university students. Statistically and sociologically, university students are often treated as a homogeneous group, but the ever-increasing number of students in higher education demands a closer examination of the hidden heterogeneity in the students’ social origin and educational strategies. Using a mixed-method approach (register data and ethnographic observations and interviews) the paper focuses on the students’ class origins and on different cultural practices in three Danish university programmes. It is shown that the Danish university field is characterized by a significant variation in social selectivity from programme to programme, and it is argued that these different social profiles correspond with distinctively different cultural practices in the programmes. Correspondingly, the students have distinctively different strategies towards education and future work life. 相似文献
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In this study conducted with 80 first‐year students in a graduate medical course at the Australian National University, Canberra, students’ critical thinking skills were assessed using the Watson‐Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (Forms A and B) in a test‐retest design. Results suggested that overall subjects retained consistent patterns of ability in critical thinking over the year. Subjects aged 30 years and over were more likely to perform better on the tests than subjects aged under 30. However, there was a significantly lower group mean on Form B than on Form A. Subjects with an above‐mean score on Form A, or subjects aged 30 years and over, were more likely to be associated with a reduced score on Form B than were subjects with a below‐mean score on Form A, or aged less than 30 years. In motivational terms, it is suggested that subjects who had more highly developed critical thinking skills, and older subjects, conducted a more realistic effort/reward analysis before the administration of Form B, and were less willing to put effort into a test that was not an assessable component of their medical school curriculum, than were other students. For the design of assessment items in higher education, this would suggest that assessment weightings need to reflect accurately the size of the reward, or possible outcome, of completing those assessments if students are to work to their ability. 相似文献
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Despite entering higher education in good numbers, candidates from some black and minority ethnic groups are concentrated in less prestigious institutions. A similar pattern is evident in candidates’ applications, raising important questions about the role of ‘self-exclusion’. Statistical analysis confirms that candidates from some minority ethnic groups tend to target lower-ranking institutions, but these differences are almost entirely explained by other variables, particularly academic attainment, type of school attended, number of A-levels taken and subject mix. It follows that some minority ethnic groups appear to be indirectly disadvantaged by patterns of schooling that do not prepare candidates for elite higher education. Similar processes are evident in relation to social class, although candidates from less privileged family backgrounds remain less likely to target high-status institutions even when other variables are taken into account. 相似文献
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Joel Kivirauma 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(2):148-156
ABSTRACT This paper examines the employment status of 10 young men 10 years after leaving classes for the socially maladjusted. On the basis of their work careers, they were placed in one of 4 labour market sectors using the criteria (1) employed/unemployed at the time of the interview, and (2) history of long‐term/short‐term employment. Half of the young men were unemployed, 4 were working and 1 in prison. The large percentage of unemployed respondents was due to the exceptionally difficult economic situation prevailing in Finland at the time the interviews were carried out, as a result of which the national unemployment rate approached almost 20 per cent. Despite a lack of vocational education, all the young men but one had a positive attitude towards work, and those unemployed were actively seeking a job. There was almost no relation between the young men's school career and their work career, since those who had the longest‐lasting jobs were those young men who had had the most difficulties in school. When measured in terms of length of employment, the attachment of these young men to working life differed greatly: one had been for the entire postschool period (almost 10 years) in the service of the same employer, while another had had several jobs of a few months’ duration interspersed with periods of unemployment. 相似文献
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阐述了高职教育社会选择的含义,指出了高职教育是在一定的社会选择中产生和发展起来的,分析了高职教育的社会选择是一个复杂的过程,高职教育发展的根本出路在于与社会选择相融合,并提出了高职教育与社会选择融合的途径与方法。 相似文献
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中国的职业阶层与高等教育机会 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
对20世纪90年代以来的多次调查资料的深入分析表明:高等教育的阶层差距在许多方面超过了城乡经济差距。在被调查的37所本科院校中,农民与非农民子女接受高等教育机会的整体差距悬殊。更进一步的问题在于,导致这一结果的制度性原因并没有随着高等教育的爆炸性扩张而消除,相反,大幅度增加的高校收费使低收入弱势阶层的子女在面对高等教育时遭遇更大的障碍。这样,在中国的高等教育基本实现大众化的同时,如何实现其质的结构性转变,促使位于高校金字塔顶端的“一流”或“重点”大学更多地向着低社会阶层开放,就成为一项新的制度和政策课题。 相似文献
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文章通过对山西省M贫困县基础教育进行问卷调查研究,对农村家庭择校行为产生的原因从行政管理部门、学校及家长层面进行深层次的分析,针对调查结果对该省农村义务教育择校问题提出要科学调整学校布局、合理配置资源及创新管理体制等方面的改进措施。 相似文献
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从目前对就业市场反映的信息看,具备诚实守信的道德品质已经成为用人单位招聘时普遍达成的共识,本文通过对目前大学生应聘求职时诚信缺失的种种表现,阐明了基于就业导向而加强高职学生诚信教育的重要性,并提出了构建校园诚信教育体系的对策。 相似文献
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该文结合高职院校师生心灵交融的现状,从获取第一手资料,解决学生实际问题,道德叙事,人格的体现等方面探讨了师生心灵交融的方法和途径。 相似文献
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分析高职院校学生参加课外体育活动的现状并发现存在的主要问题,为进一步深化学校体育的改革提供一些依据.据统计分析表明:高职院校约有73%的学生能够不同程度的参加课外体育活动,但强度和时间明显不足;21%的学生从未参加任何课外体育活动,约有48%的学生对体育活动抱有兴趣,场地、器材短缺和学生学习负担过重等客观原因是学生参加课外体育活动的主要障碍.建议通过不断完善并认真贯彻有关制度及措施,改变目前学生参加课外体育活动明显不足的状况,改善学生体质健康. 相似文献
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G. Lindsey Davis Donna M. Mertens Lawrence D. Patterson Roger O. Lambson Sam Brown 《Research in higher education》1976,4(3):209-217
This study was designed to determine the predictive validity of selected admissions variables used by the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. Data for the study were collected from 586 students admitted to the M.D. program from 1961 to 1968. These students were categorized into one of three groups (Successful [SUCC], Successful with Extended Study [SWES], and Lost to Medicine [LTM]) based upon their performance in medical school. A two-way analysis of variance and the use of a post hoc Scheffé method of multiple comparisons indicated significant differences between the SUCC group and the combined SWES and LTM groups. Therefore, the data revealed the predictive ability of two admissions variables and suggested the need for additional research into the subjective variables used in the admissions process. 相似文献
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综合社会课作为综合课程的一种形式,与历史课在中学教育中有着相同的地位。本文从4个方面比较了两者的差异,可以看出,综合课程有助于改变分科课程的某些弊端。 相似文献
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远程高等教育凝聚现代教育理念、创建现代教育结构、重视交互与对话,突显其现代个性。在后现代主义的影响下,远程高等教育从思想观念、制度结构和资源技术等方面进一步增强了现代性。我国远程高等教育现代性的选择,应基于国情转变发展战略,由面向城市转为面向农村;由以教师为本转向以学生为本;由只重视学历教育转向重视多种教育形式协调发展。 相似文献
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二十一世纪的医学是预防、医疗、康复、保健相结合,面向社会的,应用的,主动的,综合化的全科科学,为适应这一需要,要求医学高等教育在传统纯粹科学教育的基础上,对人文教育予以充分重视,本文就人文教育在医学院校的重要性,必要性及可行性作了相关论述。 相似文献
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Lynn Bosetti 《教育政策杂志》2013,28(4):387-405
Rational choice theory suggests that parents are utility maximizers who make decisions from clear value preferences, that they are able to demand effective action from local schools and teachers, and that they can be relied upon to pursue the best interests of their children. This paper presents a different perspective and argues that parents invest a mixture of rationalities when selecting schools. Based on the results of a survey of 1,500 parents of students in 11 private, eight public and 10 alternative elementary schools in Alberta, Canada, this paper explores the logic, values, and concerns that inform parental decision making in the selection of an elementary school for their children and discusses implication for policy and educational reform. 相似文献
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旗语是海军信息交流的一种平台,而旗语操则是以海军旗语为母体,结合小学生特点对其进行体育加工改造而成的一种具有海军特色的体育运动项目。本文通过采用分组实验法对武汉市东方红小学1-6年级学生进行教学对照实验,分析旗语操对小学生成长阶段生理、心理的锻炼作用,从而为旗语操的进一步推广奠定科学基础。 相似文献
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教育公平视野下义务教育“择校”问题研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
“择校”是我国义务教育领域的一大热点问题,有“收费择校”“关系择校”和“权利择校”之分,尤其是“收费择校”,教育理论界对此褒贬不一。从教育公平的角度,综合分析各家之言,以期对90年代以来我国择校问题的研究进展有一个相对全面的认识。 相似文献