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本文从欺负与人格的关系入手,对欺负者的人格特质、自我概念、自尊、自恋、价值观的研究现状进行了述评,总结了现存研究中存在的问题,并对以后的研究作了具体展望。 相似文献
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李永卉 《安徽师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2010,38(1):90-94
宋代的豪横势力主要指土豪劣绅、恶霸地主以及痞流氓和流寇盗匪。他们非法侵夺土地、擅威乡里、非法经营,甚至残害百姓,给地方社会造成了很大危害。宋政府对豪横势力总体上是宽容的,一般根据其犯罪情节,予以惩治;而对危及统治的行为,则坚决镇压。 相似文献
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论小学生学习障碍及其教育对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
小学教育阶段是读写算能力迅速发展的关键时期,而学习障碍对小学生的学习和今后的生活造成不良影响,文中探讨了小学生学习障碍的涵义、发病率、类型、成因,最后从为学习障碍学生设立资源班和资源教室,以及如何应对具体学习障碍,如阅读障碍、拼写障碍、数学障碍和社会障碍等方面提出了相应的教育对策。 相似文献
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近年来国内学习障碍儿童认知特征研究综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
学习障碍已成为当今学龄儿童常见的问题,并引起国内外各界研究者的高度重视。本文从视觉-空间认知缺陷、言语理解表达不足、注意集中困难、汉字再认困难、抽象信息的感知、加工处理能力受损几个方面对近年言语型学习障碍儿童认知特征的研究进行了分析,并从视觉-运动和空间认知障碍、神经心理缺陷、精神运动能力及性格、行为缺陷、社会认知缺陷几个方面对非言语型学习障碍儿童认知特征的研究进行述评。 相似文献
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关于欺负者的社会认知能力主要有两种理论:社会信息加工理论和冷认知理论.从这两种研究范式得出了欺负者的两种形象:社会技能缺陷儿童和社会技能良好儿童.两种理论的分歧体现在三个方面:对欺负行为及社会能力的界定不一致;两种研究取向所关注的研究指标不同;两种研究取向选取的被试存在差异.未来研究的主要方向是考察不同欺负类型欺负者的社会信息加工特点和心理理论水平,考察社会认知能力良好的欺负者的移情能力及欺负者的道德判断和情绪特点. 相似文献
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Richard L. Gilbert Nora A. Murphy Alice B. Krueger Ann R. Ludwig Torri Y. Efron 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2013,60(3):208-224
One hundred and ninety-six individuals with real-world disabilities were administered a battery of psychological adjustment measures soon after joining the three-dimensional virtual world of Second Life®. After three months, 61 participants who continued to be actively involved in Second Life were re-administered the adjustment measures and completed a survey about their virtual and real-life experiences during the interval between assessments. Participants’ scores significantly improved on measures of affective states (depression, anxiety, positive emotion, life satisfaction, and feelings of loneliness) and self-evaluation (self-esteem). An index of overall change was associated with the number of virtual friends and group affiliations in Second Life, as well as feelings about the self as a result of involvement in the virtual world. The current study provides initial empirical support that three-dimensional virtual worlds can serve as a psychologically beneficial context for individuals with real-life disabilities. 相似文献
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The Support Group Method (SGM), formerly the No Blame Approach, is widely used as an anti-bullying intervention in schools, but has aroused some controversy. There is little evidence from users regarding its effectiveness. We aimed to ascertain the use of and support for the SGM in Local Authorities (LAs) and schools; and obtain ratings of satisfaction with its use; sources of evidence for such ratings; and comments on how it is used in practice. Questionnaires were sent to LAs and schools in England, and were available on a website; useful replies were obtained from 57 LAs and 59 schools. Some two-thirds of LAs were supportive of the SGM in general terms, although fewer said they had sufficient evidence to judge effectiveness. The modal rating when given was 'satisfactory'. Most schools had used SGM for 1–5 years, often across the whole school. Two-thirds received direct training in the method. Over one-half of schools gave a rating of effectiveness, based on teachers, pupils and parents; the modal rating was 'very satisfactory'. Responses and open-ended comments revealed that details of use varied considerably and that some schools had substantially modified the method. In summary, a majority of LAs and schools that responded were satisfied or very satisfied with SGM. However, some confusion about the ways of implementing SGM was evident; this might explain some hostile comments reported elsewhere. Issues of parental involvement, and backup availability of sanctions, were commonly mentioned. Further research based directly on pupils and parents would supplement the findings of this survey. 相似文献
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This article summarizes the research literature that describes the nature and effectiveness of services that are provided to college students with learning disabilities. Six categories of services are described: assistive technologies and programs, program modifications, therapy and counseling, strategy training, direct academic assistance, and interventions designed to strengthen weak academic skills. Nearly all of the literature that was examined fell within the first 5 categories, with only 3 studies describing efforts to directly improve the academic performance that identified a student's learning disability. In addition, there is almost a total lack of evidence showing that any of the first 5 categories of services resulted in improved academic performance. There was, however, evidence that attempts at improving academic skills resulted in improved academic performance. The article concludes with a discussion of the role that learning disability services should play in a college environment. 相似文献
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Conor McGuckin Christopher Alan Lewis 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(1):9-23
Background:?Unlike the rest of the UK, Northern Ireland has only recently (2003) implemented legislation regarding the requirement for anti-bullying policies in the province's school system. Purpose:?The purpose of the study was to ascertain the nature of the management of bully/victim problems across Northern Ireland schools prior to the enactment of legislation. Sample:?From an exhaustive sampling frame of all 1329 schools in Northern Ireland (96 nursery, 910 primary, 167 secondary, 73 grammar, 54 special, 29 further education), a total of 285 schools replied to a questionnaire (20 nursery, 181 primary, 41 secondary, 26 grammar, 13 special, 3 further education, 1 non-specified), a return rate of 23.11%. Design and methods:?A review of the literature and consultation with educational experts in Northern Ireland resulted in the development of an ‘Audit’ questionnaire designed to examine dissemination and implementation (or not) of Department of Education, or bespoke, discipline and anti-bullying policies; components of anti-bullying programmes; the communication of anti-bullying policies to the school community; staff training; reporting and management of claims of staff victimisation; sanctions against bullies; and homophobic bullying. Results:?It was found that, in a legislative vacuum, the schools in Northern Ireland had been acting in a proactive manner regarding the management of such bully/victim problems (e.g., development and implementation of policies, effective communication strategies). Conclusions:?These results provide a baseline from which the efficacy of subsequent legislation in Northern Ireland can be evaluated. Utilisation of the methodology adopted in this study would be beneficial in other jurisdictions in evaluations of knowledge, attitudes and management of bully/victim problems, either pre- or post-implementation of legislation. 相似文献
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美国残疾人高等教育权益法律保障研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
残疾人高等教育权益的有效保障是实现残疾人教育公平的重要内容。美国不同层次的成文法和典型案例的司法判决,对\"残疾\"的鉴定标准、残疾人接受高等教育的\"适格\"标准和高等教育机构的\"合理调适\"程度做出了明确规定,从不同的角度规范着残疾人高等教育权益的具体环节。 相似文献
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A meta-synthesis of qualitative research was conducted on co-teaching by general and special educators working with students with and without disabilities in primary and secondary general education classrooms. We sought to update the Scruggs et al., 2007 meta-synthesis to discern new knowledge, including co-teaching's impact on students and teachers. Although challenges are identified, co-teachers perceive that co-teaching can enhance their and their students' learning. Findings suggest that school personnel, researchers and policymakers can consider co-teaching as a learning context for co-teachers as well as a dynamic framework that can potentially foster effective instruction for all students in the co-taught classroom. 相似文献
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Ann-Marie Orlando Elizabeth Klinepeter Megan Foster 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2016,20(12):1239-1251
Current U.S. legislation calls for students with disabilities to be involved and make progress in general education curriculum. Despite the legislation, students with extensive support needs continue to be segregated from their peers and post-school outcomes remain dismal for this population of students. The purpose of this retrospective study was to explore the perceptions of two students with extensive support needs and their caregivers regarding factors that contributed to their involvement and progress in the general education curriculum and eventual enrolment in four-year, post-secondary institutions in the United States. Findings related to the role of participants’ perceptions of self, participants’ engagement in advocacy roles and activities, and specific human and material supports that both facilitated and acted as barriers to education in the general curriculum emerged as recurrent themes. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research and practice are presented. 相似文献
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很多研究试图揭示学习障碍与社会技能缺失的关系,探讨社会技能起缺失是否是学习障碍儿童特有的现象。研究者围绕学习障碍定义关于社会技能缺失的表述,学习障碍儿童社会技能缺失成因,学习障碍子类型与社会技能缺失的关系以及学习障碍儿童社会技能缺失元分析研究四个方面对这一问题进行研究。研究学习障碍与社会技能缺失的关系对教育者开展干预工作具有重要的指导意义。将来的研究应关注学习障碍儿童社会技能缺失的类型特点和发展特点。 相似文献
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父母监控的增加并不必然带来青少年问题的减少。近期的有关研究表明:来自家庭方面的父母的知情程度、亲子关系、家庭结构,来自青少年方面的对父母监控的感知和对权力范围的认知,来自社会方面的不良同伴和社区环境,都会影响父母监控在减少青少年问题行为方面的效果。青少年已表现出的问题行为也会反过来降低父母的监控质量。 相似文献
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李芹 《语文学刊:高等教育版》2008,(4):22-24
《洛丽塔》像是扔在20世纪50年代西方文化领域中的一颗手榴弹。她到底是一个什么样的女弦呢?是魔鬼还是天使。是诱惑人的少女还是被蹂躏的少女?而事实上对于读过纳博科夫的小说《洛丽塔》的人来说,对洛丽塔的形象仍觉些许模糊,无法简单地判断是非对错。“洛丽塔现象”对于引导教育21世纪的青少年有着特殊的意义。 相似文献
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以“平等·参与·共享”为核心的新残疾人观,运用现代社会的文明、进步、科学的观念来认识残疾人和残疾人问题,对我国残疾人事业的持续健康发展有着积极的促进作用。本文简要回顾了我国残疾人观的沿革和新残疾人观的形成,分析了新残疾人观的深刻内涵和重要意义,并试图从中寻求对今后的残疾人工作的一些启示。 相似文献
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Erin A. Siebert Jessica Hamm Joonkoo Yun 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2017,64(4):378-390
The purpose of this study was to identify parental influences on physical activity behaviours of children with disabilities. One hundred and forty-eight parents of children with disabilities responded to a survey about factors related to parent and child physical activity, parental support and belief in their child’s abilities regarding physical activity. The results of multiple regression revealed that parents’ perceived competence of their child’s physical ability and parental support were the key factors of promoting physical activity behaviours of children with disabilities. Findings from this study should be utilised to inform parents on the ways that they can be most helpful for improving the physical activity experiences of their children. 相似文献