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1.
    
Abstract

This paper examines how post-secondary agricultural education and training (AET) in sub-Saharan Africa can contribute to agricultural development by strengthening the capacity to innovate—to introduce new products and processes that are socially or economically relevant to smallholder farmers and other agents. Using the AET system in Mozambique as a case study, this paper examines the role of AET within the context of an agricultural innovation system. This innovation systems perspective offers an analytical framework to examine technological change in agriculture as a complex process of interactions among diverse actors who generate, exchange, and use knowledge, conditioned by complex social and economic institutions. The paper argues that while AET is conventionally viewed as key to the development of human capital, it also has a vital role to play in building the capacity of organizations and individuals to transmit and adapt information, products and processes, and new organizational cultures and behaviors. The paper emphasizes the importance of improving AET systems by strengthening the capabilities of organizations and professionals; changing organizational cultures, behaviors, and incentives; and building innovation networks and linkages. The paper offers several recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of AET for agricultural innovation and development. Key reforms include aligning the mandates of AET organizations with national development aspirations; inducing change in the cultures of AET organizations through the introduction of educational programs and linkages beyond the AET system; and enhancing innovative individual and organizational capacity by improving incentives to forge stronger links between AET and other stakeholders.  相似文献   

2.
黄丹 《宜宾学院学报》2005,5(11):105-107
外语教学改革给英语教学界带来了一场革命:从教学法到教师的角色都有很大的变化。综观众多的教学法,大学英语究竟应该遵循哪一法。教学实践证明。只有综合之道才是明智的。本文就英语综合教学提出了实施原则。  相似文献   

3.
技术创新是技术与经济联系的纽带,是科学技术向生产力转化的重要环节。技术创新是高投入与高风险并存的活动。这就要求技术创新主体必须具有强烈的技术创新欲望,具有一定的融资能力及抗风险承载力。只有企业才能完全承担起“技术创新主体”的责任。  相似文献   

4.
知识经济与企业的生存和发展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在知识经济时代,知识成为企业乃至整修经济发展的主导力量。在激烈的市场竞争中,企业只有不断地引入和运用高新科学技术知识,不断进行技术和产品的创新才能生存发展下去;而企业创新的源泉在于拥有雄厚的人力资本,人力资本创造性的发挥又依靠企业良好的结构性资本作为保障。  相似文献   

5.
本文对班级的本质属性、班级管理的本质、班级管理的价值追求等进行新的审视,树立新的班级管理观,并以此为指导,探究新的班级管理思路,构建适应新形势需要的较为系统的班级管理操作模式。  相似文献   

6.
协作学习对学习者综合能力的提升作用与人才素质的要求相契合,是学术研究领域和教学实践领域中的一个热点话题。然而目前协作学习在实践过程中出现了一些问题,不清楚协作学习是否需要教师指导,需要何种指导。这种认识上的不清楚导致实施过程中的盲目性与随意性,加剧了协作学习的混乱。关于这一问题,相关研究者持两种观点:一部分认为应该让学生独立探索,一部分认为学生的认知结构决定他们需要教师指导。实证研究结果都支持“协作学习中需要教师指导”这一理论观点,但基于此进行的影响协作学习效果的教师特征和具体指导方式研究还未形成统一的结论和方法。而且,从因素的角度进行实证研究,忽略影响学习效果因素的复杂性,不具有可验证性,科学性低。基于复杂系统论的研究范式可以避开简单归因的缺点,以系统本身的属性揭示系统运行效果,在一定程度上可以提高研究的科学性。  相似文献   

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School-based curriculum innovations, including those in science education, are usually not adequately evaluated, if at all. Furthermore, current procedures and instruments for programme evaluations are often unable to support evidence-based decision-making. We suggest that adopting fidelity of implementation (FOI) criteria from healthcare research can both characterize and narrow the separation between programme intent and actual implementation, which is a mandatory stage of evaluation before determining overall programme value. We demonstrate how such a process could be applied by science educators using data from a secondary school in Singapore that had devised a new curriculum to promote interest, investigative processes, and knowledge in science. Results showed that there were ambivalent student responses to this programme, while there were high levels of science process skill instruction and close alignment with the intended lesson design. The implementation of this programme appeared to have a satisfactory overall level of FOI, but we also detected tensions between programme intent and everyday classroom teaching. If we want to advance science education, then our argument is that applying FOI criteria is necessary when evaluating all curricular innovations, not just those that originate from schools.  相似文献   

9.
    
ABSTRACT

Facilitating groups in outdoor education can sometimes be very challenging, and self-doubt and the fear of facilitating inadequately add to difficulties that facilitators must sometimes manage. In this paper, I will explore some of the ways by which facilitators contribute to the difficulties they experience and, furthermore, to explore some solutions. Negative self-talk can sabotage our best intentions as facilitators, by reducing the levels of free attention that are needed to facilitate well. I draw on the findings of a naturalistic inquiry conducted with 7 facilitator educators and 104 graduates of facilitator education programmes. Data collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation and qualitative surveys were analysed using the constant comparison method. . Based on my research findings, I contend that outdoor education programmes do not need perfect facilitators. Rather, facilitators who can be authentic, self-aware and fully present for their groups will improve outdoor education programs.  相似文献   

10.
学校体育对学生心理健康具有较大的促进作用. 学校体育在促进学生心理健康发展中应注意教师观念与时俱进、加强校园体育文化建设、面向全体学生、以发展为主、体育运动适度.  相似文献   

11.
Pre-school children with special needs face a complex transition to school, requiring additional administrative, social and educational support. In this study, parents of 40 children with special needs reported on the transition to school experience of their 4–6-year-old child. They completed a measure of impact of the child’s disability on their family and an assessment of the quality of services experienced. Individual, semi-structured interviews contextualized these evaluations. Twenty children (pre-transition) were in preschool; 20 had already started school (post). Post-transition parents reported less average disability impact on family, generally lower perception of quality of care than pre-transition ones, and long waiting periods for school-based support. Most parents, however, reported satisfactory linkages between prior-to-school services and school. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that, despite the current climate of support for early child development, barriers for satisfactory transition to school still exist, and are largely due to low effectiveness of existing policies.  相似文献   

12.
网络学习社区作为教育领域中一个重要的学习支持平台,承载着信息共享、培养参与者的解决问题的能力,并成知识重构和创新的责任。文章以社会网络为视角对网络学习社区进行研究,利用社会网络分析方法对一个具体的网络学习区——现代教育技术论坛进行实践研究,量化地分析了社区成员之间的相互关系和相互影响,从而得出该网络社区的结构特和存在的问题,并为网络学习社区的发展提出了建议。  相似文献   

13.
研究生参与导师课题研究的现状与对策   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究生参与导师课题研究是研究生培养的重要形式,也是提高研究生教育质量的重要因素。本研究选取27所高校作为样本,调查研究生参与导师课题研究的数量、质量、工作量、自身评价及意愿等,针对性地提出了加强研究生参与导师课题的广度与深度、提高导师课题的学术水平、提高导师的有效指导、增加研究生参与导师课题在培养过程中的权重、加强相关理论研究等对策建议。  相似文献   

14.
信息时代的来临,使得知识管理成为个人必须面对的问题。知识管理是以知识的转化和创造为基础的。本文以笔者上学期一门网络课程的学习为实例,具体分析了网络教学中显性知识和隐性知识的相互转化以及知识创造问题。  相似文献   

15.
本文介绍丁知识地图的特点,利用网络数据库、网络编程等技术手段对网络环境下的知识地图进行了设计和开发,总结了该项研究的意义。  相似文献   

16.
本文介绍了知识地图的特点.利用网络数据库、网络编程等技术手段对网络环境下的知识地图进行了设计和开发,总结了该项研究的意义。  相似文献   

17.
我校校园网建网规划与方案   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
耿红琴 《天中学刊》2000,15(2):14-17
对建立我校校园网进行了重要性和可行性分析,并结合本校的特点,提出了建网的整体规划与具体实施方案。  相似文献   

18.
在网络信息时代,教育教学实践要求教师不断优化自身知识结构,以适应创新时代的发展,这也成为教师学习研究的重要课题。知识转移能够实现教师知识结构的优化、更新与增值,从而“活化”知识。教师知识转移不仅仅是一个传递与交换的过程,更是知识选择、同化、整合和应用的过程。研究以个体知识自转化和群体知识互转化为分析视角,提出了一种基于网络化学习的教师知识转移过程模型,该模型体现了知识转移的创造性、关系性、连续性。通过跟踪记录两组校际网络研修教师的学习活动,运用统计分析法和社会网络分析法对教师知识转移的效果进行分析发现:教师在知识转移过程中呈现一种星状结构模式,“中介人”与“结构洞”成为知识转移的重要方式;教师互惠性意愿成为知识转移的一个重要因素;相对其他知识类型,教师学科知识类型转移量最少;在网络研修活动中,存在一些孤立者被动消费知识的现象。研究结果表明,知识转移是知识消费和知识创新的统一。教师在知识转移过程中获取知识、积累知识、内化知识形成知识消费,在组合知识、共享知识、应用知识过程中形成知识创新。教师知识转移通过知识消费而获得创新,教师则在知识创新中获得发展,这便是教师知识转移的应然价值所在。  相似文献   

19.
知识管理最重要的一个方面就是如何将学习者已经学过的知识具体化和可视化。尽管思维导图、本体以及知识图表是目前最流行的用来诠释和组织知识的方法与工具,但是这些方法与工具在模拟学习者的知识碎片组建上还存在缺陷,尤其是缺少必要的复杂语义推理支持机制和通过个人知识图产生的相关认知模拟。为模拟真实的个人知识碎片组建过程,我们设计并实现了一个可采集并集成个人显性知识碎片的自规律在线学习系统,以及融入了知识整合认知机制的个体隐性知识完成度评估模型。自规律在线学习系统,可构成个人知识语义链接图(SLN),将个人生成的显性知识碎片动态呈现给学习者;个体隐性知识完成度评估模型,可以可视化地呈现个人隐性知识碎片的动态演化轨迹,同时以较高保真度还原学习者知识认知程度的周期性变化曲线。实验也初步验证了学习者个人知识图的动态演化能力以及个体隐性知识完成度评估模型的保真度。  相似文献   

20.
新疆农村基础设施建设投入不足的原因与对策   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从目前的情况看,新疆农村基础设施建设落后,融资远不能满足农村发展的需要。分析了导致此状况的原因,提出了针对性的措施:增加国家投资的力度;增强新疆地方政府和集体投资能力;加强金融对新疆农村基础设施的支持;吸引社会资金融入农村基础设施建设,拓展新的融资渠道。  相似文献   

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