Digital libraries： A testbed for multimedia technology

INTRODUCTION One of the greatest attractions of a digital library is its multimedia resources humans can use for informa- tion retrieval to knowledge discovery and information integration. A problem of multimedia researchers is to find a so-called killer-Apps which can demonstrate well the potentials of research topics such as video sum- marization, semantic annotation, multimedia cross indexing and retrieval, etc. Deeper research and wider ap- plications of digital libraries revealed the…     

The Million Book Project at Bibliotheca Alexandrina

INTRODUCTION The Bibliotheca Alexandrina (BA) has develop- ed a workflow for turning printed books into digital books. The process starts with selection of books to be digitized, which is done mainly by BA’s Library Service Department. Books metadata is entered into the Digital Lab database. Metadata entry is followed by three core phases: scanning phase, in which the digital copy is generated; processing phase, in which image enhancement is performed; and OCR phase, in which text i…     

A text to speech interface for Universal Digital Library

INTRODUCTION The objective of Universal Digital Library (UDL) is to capture all books in digital format (Universal Digital Library, 2005; Digital Library of India, 2005). Most of the digital information present in the digital world is accessible to a few who can read or under- stand a particular language. Language technologies can provide solutions in the form of natural interfaces so that digital content can reach the masses and fa- cilitate the exchange of information across differe…     

Investigating effective teaching and learning for sustainable development and global citizenship: Implications from a systematic review of the literature

Education for sustainable development (ESD) and global citizenship education (GCEd) have drawn ample attention, particularly following the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to investigate the individual and institutional-level factors associated with the desired learning outcomes in these areas. The systematic review included 14 studies that documented statistically significant positive outcomes related to ESD and GCEd. The results highlight several factors that may enhance the effectiveness of teaching and learning in these areas. It revealed the need for future studies to address variables related to learners’ characteristics and organizational/school contexts in the implementation of the curriculum.     

可持续发展教育:英国政府角色与学校推进策略

英国是最早倡导可持续发展教育的国家之一.2005年3月联合国及"可持续发展教育十年国际实施计划"(2005-2014)发布之后,各国政府纷纷启动可持续发展教育十年(DESD)活动.本文重点介绍英国为有效实施可持续发展教育政府的角色作用,以及2005年以来英国教育与技能部推出"未来教育战略"(SFE)、建立可持续学校(Sustainable Schools)和可持续学校自我评估系统等学校推进可持续发展的新策略.     

Analysing the state of student participation in two Eco-Schools using Engeström’s Second Generation Activity Systems Model

Abstract

This research investigates the state of student participation in the Eco-Schools programme in two selected secondary schools located in Spain and the Netherlands. The focus is on understanding the levers of student participation and of the factors leading to a whole-school approach. Engeström’s Second Generation Activity Systems Model is used as an analytical framework. The study also reflects on the merits and shortcomings of this framework. The analysis of the two cases revealed contradictions in the intended effect of the Eco-School programme on fostering student-led change towards sustainability and a whole-school approach. The research suggests that student participation in Eco-School programme can be fostered by using an activity-based ‘whole institution’ approach that interlinks a reflective and action-based procedure, by adapting the students’ learning environment according to their needs and capabilities, by providing for close teacher guidance in Eco-School activities and establishing good student-teacher-relationships, and, finally, by incorporating the Eco-School programme into the school’s overall educational framework.     

Education for sustainable development: A Sino-English comparative study in environmental education

In the People’s Republic of China and England, the Government has devoted much attention in recent years to environmental education. the approaches taken in both countries differ, however. The paper looks at some of the similarities and differences that exist and the reasons for them. In particular the paper looks at policy issues as well as practical aspects of environmental education. The idea of Education for Sustainable Development, which is referred to more in England than in China, is critically examined. Project(D09702) supported by the State Education Ministry for the “Ninth Five-Year” Plan.     

Science Letters： A robust polysilicon-assisted SCR in ESD protection application

A novel polysilicon-assisted silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) is presented and analyzed in this paper, which is fabricated in HHNEC's 0.18 μm EEPROM process. The polysilicon-assisted SCRs take advantage of polysilicon layer to help bypass electro-static discharge (ESD) current without occupying extra layout area. TLP current-voltage (I-V) measurement results show that given the same layout areas, robustness performance of polysilicon-assisted SCRs can be improved to 3 times of con- ventional MLSCR's. Moreover, one-finger such polysilicon-assisted SCRs, which occupy only 947 μm2 layout area, can undergo 7-kV HBM ESD stress. Results further demonstrate that the S-type I-V characteristics of polysilicon-assisted SCRs are adjustable to different operating conditions by changing the device dimensions. Compared with traditional SCRs, this new SCR can bypass more ESD currents and consumes smaller IC area.     

一种新型的生态人类中心主义--从两点论和重点论相结合的辩证观点看可持续发展

人类中心主义的发展经历了五个阶段,可持续发展作为解决人与自然关系的一种新型发展战略,从两点论和重点论相结合的辩证观点看,就是第五个阶段的人类中心主义--生态人类中心主义.它所体现的以人为本的思想和关注人类的整体利益和长远利益甚于个体的局部利益和暂时利益的观点,是两点论和重点论的辩证统一.     

Autonomous optimal coordination scheme in protection system of power distribution network by using multi-agent concept

A protection system using a multi-agent concept for power distribution networks is pro- posed. Every digital over current relay(OCR) is developed as an agent by adding its own intelli- gence, self-tuning and communication ability. The main advantage of the multi-agent concept is that a group of agents work together to achieve a global goal which is beyond the ability of each individual agent. In order to cope with frequent changes in the network operation condition and faults, an OCR agent, proposed in this paper, is able to detect a fault or a change in the network and find its optimal parameters for protection in an autonomous manner considering information of the whole network obtained by communication between other agents.Through this kind of coordi- nation and information exchanges, not only a local but also a global protective scheme is com- pleted. Simulations in a simple distribution network show the effectiveness of the proposed protec- tion system.     

Science Letters: A robust polysilicon-assisted SCR in ESD protection application

A novel polysilicon-assisted silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) is presented and analyzed in this paper, which is fabricated in HHNEC's 0.18 μm EEPROM process. The polysilicon-assisted SCRs take advantage of polysilicon layer to help bypass electro-static discharge (ESD) current without occupying extra layout area. TLP current-voltage (Ⅰ-Ⅴ) measurement results show that given the same layout areas, robustness performance of polysilicon-assisted SCRs can be improved to 3 times of conventional MLSCR's. Moreover, one-finger such polysilicon-assisted SCRs, which occupy only 947 μm2 layout area, can undergo 7-kV HBM ESD stress. Results further demonstrate that the S-type Ⅰ-Ⅴcharacteristics of polysilicon-assisted SCRs are adjustable to different operating conditions by changingthe device dimensions. Compared with traditional SCRs, this new SCR can bypass more ESD currents and consumes smaller IC area.     

Culture,indigenous knowledge systems and sustainable development: A critical view of education in an African context

The article’s focus is the relationship between culture, indigenous knowledge systems (IKS), sustainable development and education in Africa. It analyzes the concept of sustainability with particular reference to education and indigenous knowledge systems. In particular the article analyzes the documents from the World Summit in Johannesburg in 2002 as well as from the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development. Moreover, the article discusses South Africa’s Curriculum 2005 (C 2005) launched by the African National Congress (ANC) by focusing on the dilemmas of exclusively introducing Western-based scientific knowledge in a cultural context based on indigenous epistemology. The article concludes by calling for more research into the viability of indigenous knowledge systems as a potential tool in sustainable development.     

A framework for revitalisation of rural education and training systems in sub-Saharan Africa: Strengthening the human resource base for food security and sustainable livelihoods

Recent studies of the current state of rural education and training (RET) systems in sub-Saharan Africa have assessed their ability to provide for the learning needs essential for more knowledgeable and productive small-scale rural households. These are most necessary if the endemic causes of rural poverty (poor nutrition, lack of sustainable livelihoods, etc.) are to be overcome. A brief historical background and analysis of the major current constraints to improvement in the sector are discussed. Paramount among those factors leading to its present ‘malaise’ is the lack of a whole-systems perspective and the absence of any coherent policy framework in most countries. There is evidence of some recent innovations, both in the public sector and through the work of non-governmental organisations (NGOs), civil society organisations (CSOs) and other private bodies. These provide hope of a new sense of direction that could lead towards meaningful ‘revitalisation’ of the sector. A suggested framework offers 10 key steps which, it is argued, could largely be achieved with modest internal resources and very little external support, provided that the necessary leadership and managerial capacities are in place.     

再论“我把你个／这＋名词性成分”句

近代汉语“我把你／这（个）＋名词性成分”（“S把O”）的结构是一种特殊的句式结构，表詈称，不是一般意义上所说的“把”字句的省略，其中“O”这个名词性的成分指称的有定性与有生性决定了它充当骂詈称谓语的特性。     

A novel application of the SAWD-Sabatier-SPE integrated system for CO2 removal and O2 regeneration in submarine cabins during prolonged voyages

To improve the working and living environment of submarine crews, an integrated system of CO2 removal and O2 regeneration was designed to work under experimental conditions for 50 people in a submarine cabin during prolonged voyages. The integrated system comprises a solid amine water desorption （SAWD） unit for CO2 collection and concentration, a Sabatier reactor for CO2 reduction and a solid polymer electrolyte （SPE） unit for O2 regeneration by electrolysis. The performances of the SAWD-Sabatier-SPE integrated system were investigated. The experimental results from the SAWD unit showed that the average CO2 concentration in the CO2 storage tank was more than 96% and the outlet CO2 concentration was nearly zero in the first 45 min, and less than 1/10 of inlet CO2 after 60 min when input CO2 was 0.5% （1000 L）. About 950 L of CO2 was recovered with a recovery rate of 92%-97%. The output CO2 concentration was less than 0.2%, which showed that the adsorption-desorption performance of this unit was excellent. In the CO2 reduction unit we investigated mainly the start-up and reaction performance of the Sabatier reactor. The start-up time of the Sabatier reactor was 6, 8 and 10 rain when the start-up temperature was 187.3, 179.5 and 168 ℃, respectively. The product water was colorless, transparent, and had a pH of 6.9-7.5, and an electrical conductivity of 80μs/cm. The sum of the concentration of metal ions （Ru^3＋, Al^3＋, Pb^2＋） was 0.028% and that of nonmetal ions （Cl^-, SO4^2-） was 0.05%. In the O2 regeneration unit, the O2 generation rate was 0.48 m^3/d and the quantity was 2400 L, sufficient to meet the submariners＇ basic oxygen demands. These results may be useful as a basis for establishing CO2-1evel limits and O2 regeneration systems in submarines or similar enclosed compartments during prolonged voyages.     

室内空气污染"在线和嵌入式"实时监测模块的开发应用

简述了室内空气品质实时监测的概念及其与精密的实验室测量的区别，前者主要应用于质量检验和仲裁，后者主要是实时阁值报警。重点介绍了作者开发的一种基于单片机和半导体气敏元件的室内空气污染实时监测模块及其应用，内容包括该模块的电路总体功能、传感器信号检测电路设计以及在2套民居的实测应用概况。     

SVD-LSSVM and its application in chemical pattern classification

INTRODUCTION Pattern classification is an important problem in the machine learning field and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) proposed by Suykens is an easy and powerful tool for this problem (Suykens and Vandewalle, 1999a). Only a set of linear equations should be solved during training of an LSSVM, which makes it easy to be realized. LSSVM is based on structural risk minimization (SRM) rule, which en- hances its generalization ability. SRM rule requires that model …     

面向一流人才培养的研究生教育质量评价方法初探--基于层次分析与模糊综合评判的指标体系研究

研究生教育在"双一流"建设中具有高端引领和战略支撑作用。要提升研究生教育质量,必须加强研究生培养质量保障体系建设,而构建研究生教育质量评价体系是其重要一环。为此,本文提出研究生教育质量评价的基本原则和价值取向,并据此研究设计涵盖学生发展、师资队伍、学校条件以及利益相关方满意度等4项一级指标、13项二级指标和91项三级指标的研究生教育质量综合评价方案。在此基础上,运用专家调查法对91项三级指标重要度进行0~5级综合评价,采用层次分析法对三级指标的权重进行科学赋权。同时,采用模糊综合评价方法对13项二级指标与4项一级指标进行权重分析与判断,进而给出一套完整的研究生教育质量综合评价指标体系,为科学评价面向一流人才培养的研究生教育质量提供参考和借鉴。     

Magnetic field and performance analysis of a tubular permanent magnet linear synchronous motor applied in elevator door system

A novel elevator door driven by tubular permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （TPMLSM） is presented. This TPMLSM applies axial magnet array topology of the secondary rod, air-cored armature windings and slotless structure of the forcer to improve the stability of the thrust. The influence of two major dimensions, the pitch and radius of the permanent magnet （PM）, on magnetic field was studied and the best values were given by the finite element analysis （FEA）. The magnetic field, back EMF and thrust of the motor were analyzed and the PM size was optimized to reduce the harmonic components of the magnetic field and improve the performance of the motor. Predicted results are validated by the experiment. It is shown that the performance of the motor and the novel elevator door system is satisfying.