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Increasingly, children with Down syndrome are receiving their education in mainstream schools but little research has investigated whether these placements may influence language and memory development. The present study compared 22 children with Down syndrome in mainstream school placements matched for chronological age with 22 children attending special schools in a different LEA where mainstream placements were rare. The children were assessed to obtain measures of the following language and memory abilities: receptive vocabulary; grammar comprehension; sentence repetition; digit span; face recognition; and memory for hand movements. Children in mainstream placements achieved significantly higher scores for vocabulary, grammar and digit span measures, but not for non-language based memory measures. More importantly, even after controlling for age and receptive vocabulary, grammar understanding and digit spans were significantly greater for the mainstream children. 相似文献
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Delayed diagnosis and treatment of extreme hypertriglyceridemia due to rejection of a lipemic sample
Jan Van Elslande Samira Hijjit Katrien De Vusser Michel Langlois Bjrn Meijers Ann Mertens Bart Van der Schueren Glynis Frans Pieter Vermeersch 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(2)
IntroductionMost laboratories routinely determine haemolysis, icterus and lipemia indices to identify lipemic samples and reject potentially affected results. Hypertriglyceridemia is the most common cause of lipemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia (≥ 11.3 mmol/L) is a major risk factor of acute pancreatitis.Laboratory analysisA 56-year-old woman attended the outpatient clinic for a follow-up visit 1 month after a kidney transplantation. Her immunosuppressive therapy consisted of corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and mycophenolic acid. The routine clinical chemistry sample was rejected due to extreme lipemia. The comment “extreme lipemic sample” was added on the report, but the requesting physician could not be reached. The Cobas 8000 gave a technical error (absorption > 3.3) for the HIL-indices (L-index: 38.6 mmol/L) which persisted after high-speed centrifugation. The patient was given a new appointment 2 days later. The new sample was also grossly lipemic and gave the same technical error (L-index: 35.9 mmol/L).What happenedThe second sample was manually diluted 20-fold after centrifugation to obtain a result for triglycerides within the measuring range (0.10–50.0 mmol/L). Triglycerides were 169.1 mmol/L, corresponding to very severe hypertriglyceridemia. This result was communicated to the nephrologist and the patient immediately recalled to the hospital. She received therapeutic plasma exchange the next day and did not develop acute pancreatitis.Main lessonThis case illustrates the delicate balance between avoiding the release of unreliable results due to lipemia and the risk of delayed diagnosis when results are rejected. Providing an estimate of the degree of hypertriglyceridemia might be preferable to rejecting the result. 相似文献
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Membership in civil rights and women's liberation organizations in the United States was tracked over a period of 22 years. Men's social and fraternal organizations were also tracked as a comparison group. Systematic fluctuations in membership suggest that this criterion would be useful for identifying the developmental stages of a movement. In addition, peaks in membership were correlated with historical events. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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This paper is based on the Franklin Lecture given at the Guild of Educators on 17 November 2005 at the Bakers’ Hall, London. 相似文献
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Glynis Hannell Glen A. Gole Shirley N. Dibden; Kevin F. Rooney Kenneth J. Pidgeon 《Journal of Research in Reading》1991,14(1):56-71
There have been numerous anecdotal reports of an improvement in reading in dyslexic children fitted with tinted spectacle lenses. Few of these cases have been subjected to any sort of scientific scrutiny. We report the findings in two dyslexic brothers each of whom showed a marked improvement in reading facility when reading print material either through a semi-transparent tinted plastic sheet (overlay) or through tinted spectacle lenses. Other observed effects of the tinted overlays and/or tinted lenses were improved visual acuity, improved figure/ground perception and reduction in apparent distortions and fragmentation of print. Such improvements were noted in either one or both of the boys. A speculative explanation for this effect is that the lenses act by altering the transmission of impulses along the primary visual pathway. 相似文献
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While not the only title used by UK university leaders, the term Vice Chancellor will be used throughout this paper to include
the other titles used (including Rector, Provost, Principal and President). According to data obtained pre-1997, UK Vice Chancellors
(VCs) were predominantly scientists, largely former professors, Pro-VCs or deputy directors in universities, with only a few
recruited from industry or the civil service. There have been changes in the fundamental demands being placed on UK universities
in the recent past and the aim of our study was to explore if there had been changes in the socio-demographic characteristics
of UK VCs since 1996. Our analysis of data available in the public domain on VCs appointed between 1997 and 2006 established
that several changes had occurred. Most interestingly, we report an increase in the numbers of women and social scientists,
and an increase in the age at which appointments are made. We also report an increase in appointments to universities established
post-1992 of academics previously working in institutions established pre-1992.
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Glynis M. BreakwellEmail: |
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