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Stefan Jablonski Michael Schlundt und Hartmut Wedekind 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2001,16(1):23-34
Zusammenfassung. Die klassische Unterscheidung zwischen Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation eines Unternehmens deutet auf eine getrennte rechnergestützte
Realisierung dieser beiden fundamentalen Komponenten einer Organisation hin. Dieser Beitrag unterstützt diese These, verweist
aber gleichzeitig auf die integrierende Bedeutung einer rechnergestützten Aufbauorganisationsverwaltung, welche unterschiedliche
Realisierungsformen der Ablauforganisation (unter anderem workflow-management und eCommerce) bedient. Die generelle Konzeption
und Umsetzung einer solchen Aufbauorganisationsverwaltung wird in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
Eingegangen am 14. Februar 2000 / Angenommen am 31. Mai 2000 相似文献
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Hartmut Giest 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2004,19(1):45-64
Searching for an adequate method to investigate human development (especially the development of theoretical thinking) Vygotsky and his collaborators developed the causal genetic method. The basic idea of this method consists in the investigation of psychic functions and structures by their formation under controlled conditions (for instance via a formation experiment in classroom). But is this method also applicable in instructional settings using modern communications media?This paper is an attempt to find an answer to the question: By what means is the investigation of the formation of theoretical thinking realizable through the application of the causal-genetic method in instructional settings using hypermedia and distance learning? However, a closer examination of the question itself shows that there are three interrelated aspects, namely: the investigation and formation of theoretical thinking; distance learning using modern communications media; the causal-genetic method.It will be shown that in a formation experiment learning with a hyper-media-educational program, which is based on the theory of learning- activity, students reach a new level of cognitive development which is characterized by the growing ability of complex and dialectical thinking. 相似文献
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Textbooks have the potential to be powerful tools to help students develop an understanding of mathematics. However, many
students are unable to use their textbooks effectively as learning tools. This paper presents a framework that can be used
to analyze factors that impact the ways students read textbooks. It adapts ideas from reader-oriented theory and applies them
to the domain of mathematics textbooks. In reader-oriented theory, the reader is viewed as actively constructing meaning from
a text through the reading process; this endeavor is shaped and constrained by the intentions of the author, the beliefs of
the reader, and the qualities the text requires the reader to possess. This paper also discusses how reading mathematics textbooks
is further constrained by the authority and closed structure of these textbooks. After describing the framework, the paper
discusses recommendations for future avenues of research and pedagogy, highlighting the importance of teachers' roles in mediating
their students' use of textbooks. 相似文献
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Jason A. Bennie Glen H. Wiesner Ineke Vergeer Tracy L. Kolbe-Alexander Katrien De Cocker Chris Alexander 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2018,89(3):380-385
Purpose: There is currently no standardized testing protocol for assessing clients’ fitness/health within the Australian fitness industry. This study examined the perceptions of the feasibility of using a standardized testing protocol among Australian fitness industry professionals. Method: In 2014, 1,206 registered fitness industry professionals (aged 17–69 years) completed an online survey. Perceived feasibility for using a standardized testing protocol was assessed based on responses to 6 items. Respondents were classified as having a high level of perceived feasibility if they reported all 6 items to be “definitely feasible.” A multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusting for demographic and fitness industry-related factors (e.g., qualification/years of experience), assessed the likelihood of having a high level of perceived feasibility. Results: Overall, 25.5% (95% CI [23.1%, 28.0%]) of the sample perceived the use of a standardized testing protocol as highly feasible. Items ranked most often as “definitely feasible” were “undertaking training to use the protocol” (55%) and “conducting follow-up testing every 6 to 12 weeks” (52%). After adjustment for the effect of confounding factors, casually employed professionals (OR = 0.63; 95% CI [0.45, 0.90]) and group instructors (OR = 0.58; 95% CI [0.41, 0.82]) were less likely to perceive standardized testing protocols as highly feasible. Conclusions: Among a large sample of Australian fitness industry professionals, slightly more than a quarter perceived using a standardized testing protocol to be highly feasible. Group instructors and casual employees perceived lower feasibility. Further research should determine the barriers to implementing a standardized testing protocol across the fitness industry. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Zu der Frage, auf welche Weise sich Merkmale der sozialen Herkunft auf den Schulübertritt nach der Primarstufe auswirken,
wird in einer L?ngsschnittstichprobe 27 bayrischer Grundschulklassen der Verlauf des übertrittsprozesses untersucht, und zwar
von den Bildungsaspirationen der Eltern am Ende der dritten Jahrgangsstufe über die Schullaufbahnempfehlungen der Lehrkr?fte
bis hin zu den tats?chlichen Schulanmeldungen. Neben der Frage der Leistungsangemessenheit der Abschlussnoten und der erteilten
Schulempfehlungen werden die Herkunftseffekte im Entscheidungsverlauf vertieft analysiert. Die letztendlich resultierende
Schülerzuteilung zu den verschiedenen Bildungsg?ngen kovariiert deutlich mit der sozialen Herkunft der Schüler. Die vorgestellten
Analysen der einzelnen vorgelagerten Entscheidungsschritte verweisen dabei auf eine st?rkere Bedeutung prim?rer gegenüber
sekund?rer Einflusseffekte der sozialen Herkunft auf die Schulformzuteilung.
相似文献
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Haimanot Habte Lemji Hartmut Eckstädt 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(10):924-933
Evaluating the performance of a biotrickling filter for the treatment of wastewaters produced by a company manufacturing beer was the aim of this study. A pilot scale trickling filter filled with gravel was used as the experimental biofilter. Pilot scale plant experiments were made to evaluate the performance of the trickling filter aerobic and anaerobic biofilm systems for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients from synthetic brewery wastewater. Performance evaluation data of the trickling filter were generated under different experimental conditions. The trickling filter had an average efficiency of (86.81±6.95)% as the hydraulic loading rate increased from 4.0 to 6.4 m3/(m2·d). Various COD concentrations were used to adjust organic loading rates from 1.5 to 4.5 kg COD/(m3·d). An average COD removal efficiency of (85.10±6.40)% was achieved in all wastewater concentrations at a hydraulic loading of 6.4 m3/(m2·d). The results lead to a design organic load of 1.5 kg COD/(m3·d) to reach an effluent COD in the range of 50–120 mg/L. As can be concluded from the results of this study, organic substances in brewery wastewater can be handled in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner using the gravel-filled trickling filter. 相似文献
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