教师专业发展学校:探索、经验与启示

教师专业发展学校是实现教师职前培养与在职培训一体化的一种新的探索。它在认可中小学校对于学生发展的价值的基础上,强调学校也是教师发展的场所。教师专业发展学校不仅促进了实习教师的专业成长和中小学生的发展,而且也为大学教师和中小学在职教师提供了对话的平台。专业发展学校的发展历程为我们提供了许多有益的启示:实习教师的“临床实践”是其完成教师角色转变的必经之路;教师教育必须与学校教育改革实践紧密结合;教育理论与教育实践的沟通必须在理论主体与实践主体的“对话”中实现。     

Improving the Odds: Identifying Language Activities that Support the Language Development of Preschoolers with Poorer Vocabulary Skills

The aim of the current study is to determine what language activities Norwegian preschool children took part in, and to examine whether these language activities predict children’s language comprehension. We tested children (n?=?134) with language measures at age 4/5 and age 5/6 and interviewed their teachers (n?=?71) about the kinds of language activities the children engaged in during that school year. Teachers reported a variety of classroom language activities, ranging from informal language stimulation of everyday situations to more explicit language activities such as book reading, language games, vocabulary training and school preparation groups. Book reading every day significantly predicted children’s language comprehension.     

简析西汉初年的建都

西汉初年国都的确立与建设 ,经历了定都洛阳 ,建都关中的过程 ,而定都关中又有临时定都栎阳和最后定都长安的过程。而长安则是先确立建都 ,后命名长安 ,长安又是秦都咸阳的发展。汉初都城的确立 ,又和汉初的政治形势及刘邦与主要的决策者张良等人的建议有关     

学术期刊英文目次表中“素质教育”一词的翻译问题

:本文从众多学术期刊的英文目次表中归纳出对“素质教育”一词的 8种不同译法。素质教育是我国教育领域里的一项重大改革 ,对“素质教育”一词的丰富内涵应有准确、规范、统一的译法     

Marbles in Urns,Applied Probability and Computer Algebra

It is shown how a combinatorial problem dealing with all possible ways to put marbles in ums under certain restrictions can be used to solve a reliability problem related to telecommunications. Various aspects of the reliability problem are explored with a computer algebra system.     

Teachers’ learning in school-based development

Background and purpose: Many researchers agree that teachers’ learning processes are social and that teachers need to be brought together to learn from each other. Researchers have also stated that intellectual and pedagogical change requires professional development activities that take place over a period of time in school. The purpose of the study presented in the article was to develop knowledge about the teachers’ learning when taking part in a school-based development project. Main argument: The study shows that it takes some time before the teachers identify with the work in school-based development. Even though the national authorities decided what to focus on during the development work, the participating teachers felt that they had autonomy in the work. The study presented in the article shows that it is important for the teachers’ learning culture that they are listened to and taken into consideration and that the leaders have competence in leading school-based development to support the teachers’ learning. Sources of evidence and method: The article is based on a study connected with school-based development in three lower secondary schools. Qualitative interviews were used as the data-collection strategy to capture the teachers’ and school leaders’ experiences and reflections. Conclusion: The article presents new knowledge connected with teachers’ learning in school-based development. The study presented in the article shows that schools’ learning culture can make a difference for the teachers’ learning and their job satisfaction and wellbeing.     

中国市民社会的早期形态及历史局限

中国市民社会的早期形态表现在社会调适功能的退化;经济结构中出现新的因素;对自我主体的张扬与肯定以及各种文人团体、商人集团的产生.后期封建社会商业经济的滞缓给早期市民社会形态的形成带来很大的局限,中国传统儒家思想的影响又使中国早期市民社会形态具有自身独特的特点.     

女大学生自我接纳和人际关系的相关研究

本研究运用问卷测验、深入访谈法二相结合，调查研究了大学生自我表现接纳的现状，自我接纳和人际关系之间的相关，并进行了性别和年级差异的比较，分析了影响女大学生自我接纳的因素。结果表明：1.在自我接纳各量表尺度上，存在着一定的性别和年级差异。和男大学生相比，女大学生更接纳、同时更不排斥成功的、有优点的自己，更排斥失败的、有缺点的自己。从年级状况来看，一、四年级自我接纳程度相对较高，二、三年级相对较低，三年级是自我接纳的低谷。女大学生自我接纳的过程经过：自我夸大阶段、自我降值阶段和初步的自我接纳三个阶段。2.人际关系即一个人对人的态度及和父母、老师、朋友之间的关系，它是影响女大学生自我接纳的十分重要的一个因素。3.影响女大学生自我接纳的主要因素有：成长路上成败的经历及对此的看法和行为上的反应；来自父母、老师、朋友的态度和评价；一个人精神上的独立性和主见。     

TEM喇叭天线阵列辐射特性研究

应用FDTD方法分析TEM喇叭天线阵列的瞬态辐射特性，分析了阵列单元之间的互耦对天线阵列远场辐射的影响。TEM喇叭天线阵列单元沿E面叠状排列可以改善阵列的低频辐射。原理上阵元越多，天线阵列的增益越高。而线性阵列只压缩一个面的方向图。改变阵列单元间馈入信号的时延，可以实现阵列方向图主辩方向的偏移。用半TEM喇叭天线组成槽状排列二元线阵和四元线阵，进行了相应的原理性实验，实验结果与理论数值模拟基本一致。     

Collaborative processes in species identification using an internet-based taxonomic resource

Visual databases are increasingly important resources through which individuals and groups can undertake species identification. This paper reports research on the collaborative processes undertaken by pre-service teacher students when working in small groups to identify birds using an Internet-based taxonomic resource. The student groups are conceptualised as ‘knowledge-building communities’ working in a ‘joint problem space’ comprising the collective knowledge of the participants interacting with the taxonomic database. Collaborative group work and associated dialogue were recorded with digital video. The recordings were analysed for the categories of dialogue and the categories of knowledge used by the students as they interacted with the taxonomic database and how they drew on their previous experiences of identifying birds. The outcomes are discussed in the context of the interplay of individual and social processes and the interplay between abstraction and lived experience in the joint problem space.