初探创新思维能力的培养

在教学实践中对如何培养学生创新思维能力作了初步探讨     

Effectiveness of case-based learning instruction on pre-service teachers’ chemistry motivation and attitudes toward chemistry

Background: The development of primary pre-service teachers’ chemistry motivation and attitudes toward chemistry were examined in order to develop their science literacy using case-based learning. Students’ ideas were emphasized, real-life situations were discussed, and students could share their ideas and knowledge with peers; as a result, students were active in the learning process.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of using case-based learning instruction to increase pre-service primary teachers’ chemistry motivation and improve their attitudes toward chemistry as a school subject.

Sample: The subjects of this study consisted of 51 (20 female, 31 male) freshman primary pre-service teachers from an urban university in Turkey. The mean age of the primary pre-service teachers was 21.

Design and methods: One group pre-test and post-test design was used. A chemistry motivation questionnaire and chemistry attitude scale were used for data collection. For the data analysis, two-way repeated measures of ANOVA and repeated measures MANOVA were conducted.

Results: The results indicated that the mean of the attitude score after the treatment was significantly greater than the mean of the attitude before the treatment. The results also demonstrated that there is no significant difference between females and males. According to the results of the study, there is no significant difference between primary pre-service teachers’ chemistry motivation. However, some chemistry motivation constructs mean scores are greater after the treatment.

Conclusions: In sum, it could be stated that case-based learning is helpful for the development of students’ chemistry motivation and attitudes toward chemistry.     

网络环境下学习策略个体差异研究

该文结合心理学、教育学等理论,分析学习者的个性特征类别,对网络环境下学习策略的差异进行了研究,并提出了指导性策略,旨在帮助教师和学习者根据个性特征采取相应的学习策略。该文在心理学、教育学和计算机技术的交叉学科结合方面做出了有益的尝试。     

“绿色条款”在实践中的新发展与绿色贸易壁垒——从WTO争端解决实践看GATT第20条

在WTO争端解决实践中,GATT第20条“绿色条款”的适用范围有了许多新发展：可适用于基于产品生产工艺、生产方法而采取的措施;可适用于为保护生物资源而采取的措施;也可适用于与保护可用竭自然资源这个合法目标之间有实际联系的措施。“绿色条款”在实践中的新发展极易被新贸易保护主义滥用,从而为绿色贸易壁垒提供合法的“多边外衣”。     

On some difference sequence spaces defined by a sequence of Orlicz functions

INTRODUCTION Let w be the set of all sequences of real or com- plex numbers and R∞, c and c0 be the sequence spaces of bounded, convergent and null sequences x=(xk), respectively. A sequence x∈R∞ is said to be almost convergent (Lorentz, 1948) if all Banach limits of x coincide. Lorentz (1948) proved that 1 c? = ??? x =( xk ) :linm 1n ∑kn= xk s exists, uniformly in s???. Maddox (1967; 1978) has defined x to be strongly almost convergent to a number L if 1 linm 1n ∑k n= xk s? L=0,…     

Serum Ischemia-Modified Albumin in Preterm Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) may suffer from severe hypoxia, asphyxia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level as a diagnostic marker for hypoxia in preterm infants with RDS. Thirty-seven premature newborns with RDS were allocated as the study group and 42 healthy preterm neonates were selected as the control group. IMA was measured as absorbance unit (ABSU) in human serum with colorimetric assay method which is based on reduction in albumin cobalt binding. IMA levels were significantly higher in neonates with RDS as compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Cut-off value of IMA (ABSU) was 0.72, the sensitivity level was 91.9 %, the specificity was 78.6 %, positive predictive value was 79.1 % and negative predictive value was 91.7 % at RDS. Area under curve values was 0.93 (P < 0.001; 95 % CI, 0.88–0.98) in the receiver operating characteristic curve. We concluded that elevated blood IMA levels might be accepted as a useful marker for hypoxia in newborn with RDS.     

Effects of teacher professional characteristics on student achievement: an investigation in blended learning environment with standards-based curriculum

Use of different teaching materials and curriculum for the same subjects is always a confounding factor in studies investigating teacher characteristics and student achievement. The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of different teacher qualities on student achievement in high schools with a standards-based curriculum delivered over a blended learning environment. Utilizing quantitative research approach, this study investigates the effects of teacher characteristics and teaching practices in a course offered through Cisco Networking Academy, which has a standards-oriented curriculum delivered online. Participants in the study were 226 teachers and 3299 students from Networking Academies located in the USA. The findings suggest that certain teacher characteristics such as teaching experience, degree, and primary teaching field do not have effects on student achievement.     

Distance education in the Turkish secondary education system

Conclusion The OHS, although newly established, has created great interest among all the media. It is evident that this interest will continue to increase. This means that the OHS filled a very important niche in the educational structure. It is believed that most of the problems faced at the OHS will be solved in a very short time, and new ways are continually being sought. But at the moment it is necessary to remember that high quality should be maintained, instead of focusing on quantity. This motive prescribes that educational technologies should be transferred to the educational system. To accomplish this, ways should be found to increase the finances of the OHS, and governmental support should be increased to improve the technical quality. In addition, it is necessary to change the regulation of the OHS as a project of the FRTED to allow the OHS to function independently. The resulting organizational structure should be evaluated effectively. Also, it is necessary to improve the structural effectiveness of local representatives of the OHS for authorization and duties. At the same time, it is essential to use the local high schools to provide face-to-face education for distance education students. If the critics are correct, the OHS will be an original secondary-school-level distance education institute and can be a good example for other countries.     

Women’s Sport as a Symbol of Modernity: A Case Study in Turkey

Abstract

Turkey has a distinctive position with regard to its geography and history among Muslim countries. Particular features are its secular system and far reaching modernization processes particularly with respect to the ‘emancipation’ of women. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze sport and body politics as part of the modernization processes in Turkey and to explore in particular the multiple roles of different groups of women in the reforms initiated by the Turkish Governments. A focus will be on the intersecting influences of gender and social class. The famous archaeologist Halet Çambel will be used as an example of the ‘modern’ woman who embodied reformist ideologies. Çambel was the daughter of an elite family; she was born in Berlin where her father was an attaché at the Turkey embassy. She studied in France and participated in the Olympic Games in 1936. She and another Turkish fencer were the first women from a Muslim country to participate in the Olympic Games. Later she became the most famous archaeologist in Turkey and she stayed physically active all her life. In particular, horse riding became a favourite activity as she travelled to archaeological sites on horseback.     

机械系统方案设计与创新教育

从当前的形势和工业发展的需要出发,论述了机械系统方案创新设计的重要性,结合机械原理课程教学阐述了机械系统方案创新设计能力的培养和训练方法,并结合实例说明了具体做法和效果。