Meeting guidelines for physical activity,muscle strength,and sleep lowers mortality risk:Commentary on: "Associations between aerobic and musclestrengthening physical activity,sleep duration,and risk of all-cause mortality:A prospective cohort study of 282

<正>In 2022, Duncan et al.¹ published results from an investigation of the combined effects of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise(AER), muscle-strengthening activities(MSA), and sleep durations on the risks for all-cause mortality in 282,473 U.S. adults aged 18—84 years.     

Accurate fundamental invariant-neural network representation of ab initio potential energy surfaces

Highly accurate potential energy surfaces are critically important for chemical reaction dynamics. The large number of degrees of freedom and the intricate symmetry adaption pose a big challenge to accurately representing potential energy surfaces(PESs) for polyatomic reactions. Recently, our group has made substantial progress in this direction by developing the fundamental invariant-neural network(FI-NN)approach. Here, we review these advances, demonstrating that the FI-NN approach can represe...     

Burden sharing for CDR: balancing fair liability with feasibility

<正>The basics are clear:climate is changing,it is caused by human activity and it is affecting everyone and everywhere now[1]. The good news is that we know what to do about it—we can stop global temperatures rising further if we stop emitting greenhouse gases. But because some sectors (such as agriculture or aviation)will have ongoing ‘hard-to-abate’ emissions,     

The temporal dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica and predominant serovars in China

Salmonella enterica is one of the most common bacterial pathogens in humans and animals.Systematic studies on the trends and geographical distribution of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella and dominant serovars have been well studied in European and American countries while not in China.Here,taking the One-Health strategy,we used>35 000 Salmonella enterica isolates to explore the temporal and spatial dynamics of dominant serovars in China.We found that Salmonella Typhimurium was the dominant ...     

A neuron-immune circuit regulates neurodegeneration in the hindbrain and spinal cord of Arf1-ablated mice

Neuroimmune connections have been revealed to play a central role in neurodegenerative diseases(NDs).However, the mechanisms that link the central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral immune cells are still mostly unknown. We recently found that specific ablation of the Arf1 gene in hindbrain and spinal cord neurons promoted NDs through activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia via peroxided lipids and adenosine triphosphate(ATP) releasing. Here, we demonstrate that IL-1β with elevated chemok...     

Glacial expansion of cold-tolerant species in low latitudes: megafossil evidence and species distribution modellingOA

<正>The Pleistocene was a time of repeated glaciations that severely affected the land biota over large areas of Eurasia and North America. Drastic climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene drove largescale extinctions, migrations and diversification in plant and animal populations.These dramatic processes had a strong impact on the distribution of modern flora and fauna.     

Composites with high omnidirectional fracture toughness due to helical interlocking fasteners are found in gingko seed shellsOA

<正>Engineering of composites mimicking load-bearing materials from living organisms is essential for sustainable economic development and successful resolution of current and future bottle-necks of chemical,automotive,aviation,biomedical,and robotic technologies.As pointed out by G.Wiedemann[1]in 1853 and M.F.Ashby et al.     

‘灿烂’品种兔眼蓝莓花青素提取物在体内的抗氧化活性（英文）

蓝莓富含花青素等酚类化合物,具有良好的保健功能。本研究旨在研究从‘灿烂’品种兔眼蓝莓中提取的蓝莓花青素在小鼠体内的抗氧化活性。C57BL/6J健康雄性小鼠被分成不同剂量组,各组蓝莓花青素提取物（BAE）浓度分别为100、400和800 mg/kg。在不同时间点（0.1、0.5、1、2、4、8和12 h）将小鼠处死,收集其血浆、眼球、肠、肝和脂肪组织,比较其抗氧化活性,测定指标包括总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX/GPX）含量,以及氧化应激标志物丙二醛（MDA）水平。结果表明：蓝莓花青素在小鼠体内具有良好的抗氧化活性,并呈浓度依赖性,BAE浓度越高,T-AOC值越高,MDA水平越低。抗氧化酶SOD活性、GSH-PX含量以及Cu,Zn-SOD、Mn-SOD和GPX的m RNA水平均证实,BAE在小鼠消化后通过改善其抗氧化防御系统发挥抗氧化作用。蓝莓花青素提取物的体内抗氧化活性表明,蓝莓花青素可以被开发成功能性食品或营养配料,用于预防或治疗氧化应激相关的疾病。     

Association of daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity with body fat among U.S. adults

Background:Prolonged sitting and reduced physical activity lead to low energy expenditures.However,little is known about the joint impact of daily sitting time and physical activity on body fat distribution.We investigated the independent and joint associations of daily sitting time and physical activity with body fat among adults.Methods:This was a cross-sectional analysis of U.S.nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2011-2018 among adults aged ...     

Epidemiology of insertional and midportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT) is a common problem among runners.There is only limited evidence for risk factors for AT,and most studies have not defined the AT subcategories.No study has compared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and midportion AT,though they are considered distinct.This study aimed to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from a large prospective cohort.The secondary aim was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional an...