关于加强建设单位安全管理的分析与研究

建筑工程安全事故多发,作为参与工程的重要一方——工程建设单位,不应忽视其自身在安全管理中的重要作用,本文通过对目前建设工程安全管理现状的分析及与国外管理方法的比较,对如何加强建设单位的安全管理意识、提高建设单位的安全管理水平提出几点建议和看法.     

跨越边界的教师实践哲学——从“文化无视型”教育到“文化关涉式”教育

当学生所固有的家庭文化与教师、学校所持有和认可的主流文化相差越远时,教师教学所面对的障碍就越多,所要跨越的性别、种族、民族、阶层的限制就越多。"文化无视型"教学隐藏着不平等及对学生的偏见和低期望态度,"文化关涉式"教育则强调要沟通学校教育与家庭文化之间的鸿沟,并促进学生积极的文化身份建构。文化关涉式教师与文化无视型教师在教学观、文化观、知识观等实践教育哲学层面存在着一系列的差异。文化关涉式教师相信:教师的教学要与当地社区建立有意义的联系;儿童在接纳和认同自己文化价值的学校中学习得最好;多元智能式教学方式更有利于文化多元;教育提供更多的文化选择可能,帮助学生建构文化身份。     

Ecological, psychological, and cognitive components of reading difficulties: testing the component model of reading in fourth graders across 38 countries

The authors tested the component model of reading (CMR) among 186,725 fourth grade students from 38 countries (45 regions) on five continents by analyzing the 2006 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study data using measures of ecological (country, family, school, teacher), psychological, and cognitive components. More than 91% of the differences in student difficulty occurred at the country (61%) and classroom (30%) levels (ecological), with less than 9% at the student level (cognitive and psychological). All three components were negatively associated with reading difficulties: cognitive (student's early literacy skills), ecological (family characteristics [socioeconomic status, number of books at home, and attitudes about reading], school characteristics [school climate and resources]), and psychological (students' attitudes about reading, reading self-concept, and being a girl). These results extend the CMR by demonstrating the importance of multiple levels of factors for reading deficits across diverse cultures.     

Numerical simulation and structure improvement of double throttling in a high parameter pressure reducing valve

In this paper,a new pressure reducing valve(PRV) with an orifice plate is proposed.The main objective is to explain the mechanisms of pressure reduction and energy conversion in the new PRV.A numerical simulation method was used to investigate the PRV internal flow field and to analyze the throttling effects of the orifice plate and the transform of thermal parameters as outlet pressure,outlet temperature,velocity,and superheat.A structure improvement method for the valve body and orifice plate is put forward to reduce energy loss.The governing equations for internal flow numerical simulation are composed of the continuity,momentum,energy and k-ε transport equations,based on isotropic eddy viscosity theory.Different valve plug displacement models were built to describe the double throttling process.Our analysis shows that the steam pressure drops twice and the degree of superheat increases.There are also lots of eddies which clog the flow channel and disturb the steam flow in the valve cavity after the valve plug and the outlet cavity.After modifying the structure,the numerical results show a better performance of steam flow.     

节理岩体直剪试验及其工程处理

通过室内节理岩体直剪试验,得到节理面应力应变响应,以及剪应力和正应力之间的关系; 然后根据Mohr-Coulomb强度准则计算相应粘结力和内摩擦角,并通过数据的工程处理将岩块参数转换为岩体物理力学参数,为进一步的计算分析提供数据基础.     

Hai＇an Flower Drum Opera

In his book “Little Knowledge in Bright Studio”, Chu Lian, a Shanghai writer living during the reigns of emperors Qianlong and Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty, wrote, “Over the three decades since flower drum opera was introduced, it has always been on changes. Men played it in the beginning but women do it later. It was performed in daytime in the beginning, then at night. First in the countryside, and then in the town. First popular among country hooligans and then among dandies.” His records are evidences that flower drum opera had been introduced in Shanghai and Nantong during the early reign of Emperor Qianlong.     

Phase Diagram Calculation and Fabrication of Multi-component Zirconia-Based Ceramics

Ceria-yttria co-doped zirconia-based multi-compo-nents ceramics,with superfine alumina dispersed inthe matrix,possess excellent fracture toughness,strength and thermal stability.However,the mechani-cal properties and microstructure are strongly depen-dent on the composition and the fabrication proce-dure,especially the composition of zirconia containingmulti-component ceramics.Therefore,precise phasediagrams of zirconia-based multi-components systemscan be considered as the“map”for the devel…     

漫话教育活动中的人文精神

张文质（以下简称张）：有一个很普遍的现象，我们的孩子低年级的时候都非常乐意表达，课堂上非常活跃，到小学高年级的时候，就开始沉默寡言了。那么到了初中、到了高中，就越来越不会说话了。到了大学的时候，如果让学生自由举手发言，往往没有人发言。那种内在的表达的欲望、表现的欲望受到了扼杀。人性的这个方面过早就枯萎了。我们从人性的角度来说，所有的人都有一种表达的欲望，表现的欲望。我们谈教育的人文精神一定要还原到具体的教育生活中去，从具体的教育行为来看我们的教师是怎么做的。如果不能还原的话，这个价值追求，不能和…