美国国家档案馆:保存历史 走近国民

今天我与大家交流美国国家档案馆(NARA)在保存历史和开放档案中面临的挑战以及我们正在通过怎样的方式将美国公众与他们的档案建立起联系。一、政务公开对档案工作的影响奥巴马总统在就职第一天就发表了关于政务公开倡议的演讲,他在最近发表的     

这是恐狗狗

第二天,杰克和小程带两只狗去公园。 恐狗狗忽然停止游戏,站着一动也不动。它在听什么声音。杰克和小程也在听。     

Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism and its Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Mutations in different regions of adiponectin gene have been reported to be associated with obesity, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was aimed to investigate the association among SNP 45 T > G of adiponectin gene and type 2 diabetes in South Indian population. 75 clinically diagnosed case of type 2 diabetes were studied and compared with 75 apparently healthy controls. The genotype frequency of SNP45 T > G in exon 2 of adiponectin gene was determined by PCR based restriction enzyme analysis using the restriction enzyme SmaI. (recognition site: CCC↓GGG). Three kind of genotypes: wild type TT (470 bp), heterozygous type TG (470 bp, 336 bp, 134 bp) and homozygote mutant type GG (336 bp, 134 bp) were studied. A positive association has been found between SNP45 T > G and type 2 diabetes in the study population (P = 0.010, OR = 3.797, 95% CI = 1.312–10.983). Therefore, SNP45T > G in adiponectin gene may be one of the risk factors for type 2 diabetes.     

Application of Sigma Metrics for the Assessment of Quality Assurance in Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory in India: A Pilot Study

Ensuring quality of laboratory services is the need of the hour in the field of health care. Keeping in mind the revolution ushered by six sigma concept in corporate world, health care sector may reap the benefits of the same. Six sigma provides a general methodology to describe performance on sigma scale. We aimed to gauge our laboratory performance by sigma metrics. Internal quality control (QC) data was analyzed retrospectively over a period of 6 months from July 2009 to December 2009. Laboratory mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were calculated for all the parameters. Sigma was calculated for both the levels of internal QC. Satisfactory sigma values (>6) were elicited for creatinine, triglycerides, SGOT, CPK-Total and Amylase. Blood urea performed poorly on the sigma scale with sigma <3. The findings of our exercise emphasize the need for detailed evaluation and adoption of ameliorative measures in order to effectuate six sigma standards for all the analytical processes.     

离开地球

“我不明白,为了一艘愚蠢的飞船,我们为什么要离开地球？”我10岁大的女儿特洛伊抱怨道。在我们把财产装上分配给我们的穿梭机的过程中,她一直都在发牢骚,破坏了所有的喜悦气氛。     

通过牙齿听广播？

在都市奇谈中,有一种说法是人们有时候能通过牙齿听到广播。虽然这种故事常常被认为是异想天开虚构出来的,但美国牙科协会说,那些年,几乎每个月都有人向他们咨询这个问题,从此类似传闻就接连不断,屡屡出现。     

Vivisecting Major: a Victorian gentleman scientist defends animal experimentation, 1876-1885

Through an investigation of the public, professional, and private life of the Darwinian disciple George John Romanes, this essay seeks a better understanding of the scientific motivations for defending the practice of vivisection at the height of the controversy in late Victorian Britain. Setting aside a historiography that has tended to focus on the arguments of antivivisectionists, it reconstructs the viewpoint of the scientific community through an examination of Romanes's work to help orchestrate the defense of animal experimentation. By embedding his life in three complicatedly overlapping networks-the world of print, interpersonal communications among an increasingly professionalized body of scientific men, and the intimacies of private life-the essay uses Romanes as a lens with which to focus the physiological apprehension of the antivivisection movement. It is a story of reputation, self-interest, and affection.     

Inspiration in the harness of daily labor. Darwin, botany, and the triumph of evolution, 1859-1868

Charles Darwin hoped that a large body of working naturalists would embrace evolution after the Origin of Species appeared in late 1859. He was disappointed. His evolutionary ideas at first made painfully little progress in the scientific community. But by 1863 the tide had turned dramatically, and within five years evolution became scientific orthodoxy in Britain. The Origin's reception followed this peculiar trajectory because Darwin had not initially tied its theory to productive original scientific investigation, which left him vulnerable to charges of reckless speculation. The debate changed with his successful application of evolution to original problems, most notably orchid fertilization, the subject of a well-received book in 1862. Most of Darwin's colleagues found the argument of the Origin convincing when they realized that it functioned productively in the day-to-day work of science-and not before. The conceptual force of the Origin, however outwardly persuasive, acquired full scientific legitimacy only when placed "in the harness of daily labour".