影响体育狂热行为的社会因素──关于德国足球迷行径的问题

德国青少年足球迷日趋增多，已多达１５００００人。他们大部分人不仅支持自己的球队、俱乐部，敬慕自己心目中的偶像，而且具有与志趣相投的人群相处的经验，包括情绪的紧张和放松、团体意识、欣赏和自我肯定、友爱和热情。所有这些都来源于对球队的倾心支持，即尽情地展...     

解读中国的专利司法保护

中国几乎所有的高层官员都有工科教育背景。用英特尔公司前任首席执行官贝瑞特的话说：“他们懂行”，他们明白科技发展与生产制造、大学教育及基础设施“生态系统”之间的联系。     

勞慟心理學The Psychology of Labor

劳动心理学也就是职业心理学.不明白职业心理的,以为职业问题不过是生计问题,职业教育不过是喫饭教育,这未免把人类的心理与社会的事实看得太简单了.其实劳动的动机,不必是金钱主义,劳动的酬报,也不限於薪俸或工资,大人群之所以进化,无非靠‘各尽所能,各取所需’的原则,所谓各尽所能,就是使劳心劳力,各得其所,个个满意而已.因为人类的智识能力原是不齐的,只要使个个人对於他的职务感觉愉快,这就是‘职业平等’的註脚.     

同一屋檐下

当我在长春藤缠绕的宿舍大楼踱步时——我指的是我几年前曾就读的大学里的宿舍大楼,偶尔会听到一些让我深有感触的谈话片段。“我想有自己的公寓,这样我就可以远离我妈了。”“哥们,那房子我一刻也待不下去了,我爸妈快把我逼疯了。”     

数字文件管理与数字取证学中文件复制概念的对比研究

数字文件取证是一门汇集了数字文件管理、法律和警方调查领域的研究.它的目标是提出在电子文件不再存在于原始环境中时确认其真实性的概念与方法.本文考察了数字文件管理领域与数字取证学中复制的概念,并考察它们对该两领域尤其是数字文件管理上的意义.     

Risk of venous thromboembolic disease in postmenopausal women taking oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy

Objective  

The influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on hemostasis processes depends on the type of hormone, the combination of doses, the time of taking HRT, and the route of administration (oral, transdermal, implanted). The aim of the current study was to assess some parameters of coagulation, especially tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and tissue factor (TF) in postmenopausal women using oral or transdermal HRT.     

A multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol recombinant human interleukin-6 (PEG-rhIL-6) in rats

Radiation therapy has been widely applied in cancer treatment. However, it often causes thrombocytopenia (deficiency of white blood cells) as an adverse effect. Recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) has been found to be a very effective way against this thrombocytopenia, but IL-6 has low stability in blood, which reduces its efficacy. To increases the stability and half-life of rhIL-6, it was modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The pharmacokinetics and the tissue distribution of PEG-rhIL-6 labeled with ¹²⁵I were examined after subcutaneous injection in rats. The pharmacokinetic pattern of PEG-rhIL-6 was defined with linear-kinetics, and we fitted a one-compartment model with half-lives of 10.44–11.37 h (absorption, t _{1/2K a}) and 19.77–21.53 h (elimination, t _1/2Ke), and peak concentrations at 20.51–21.96 h (t _peak) in rats. Half-lives and t _peak of PEG-rhIL-6 were longer than those of rhIL-6 previously reported. In the present study, for deposition of PEG-rhIL-6 in rats, the tissue distribution examination showed that blood was the major organ involved, rather than liver. However, as to the elimination of PEG-rhIL-6, the major organ was the kidney. The excretion fraction of the injection dose recovered from urine was 23.32% at 192 h after subcutaneous administration. Less than 6% of PEG-rhIL-6 was eliminated via the feces at 192 h. These results indicate that PEG-rhIL-6 is a good candidate drug formulation for patients with cancer.     

Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction decreases IL-6 levels in patients with acute pancreatitis

Objective  

In this paper, we investigated the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Chaiqin Chengqi Decoction (CQCQD) on serum cytokines in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients.     

A Comprehensive Analysis of High School Genetics Standards: Are States Keeping Pace with Modern Genetics?

Science education in the United States will increasingly be driven by testing and accountability requirements, such as those mandated by the No Child Left Behind Act, which rely heavily on learning outcomes, or "standards," that are currently developed on a state-by-state basis. Those standards, in turn, drive curriculum and instruction. Given the importance of standards to teaching and learning, we investigated the quality of life sciences/biology standards with respect to genetics for all 50 states and the District of Columbia, using core concepts developed by the American Society of Human Genetics as normative benchmarks. Our results indicate that the states' genetics standards, in general, are poor, with more than 85% of the states receiving overall scores of Inadequate. In particular, the standards in virtually every state have failed to keep pace with changes in the discipline as it has become genomic in scope, omitting concepts related to genetic complexity, the importance of environment to phenotypic variation, differential gene expression, and the differences between inherited and somatic genetic disease. Clearer, more comprehensive genetics standards are likely to benefit genetics instruction and learning, help prepare future genetics researchers, and contribute to the genetic literacy of the U.S. citizenry.