中国科学院馆际互借与文献传递服务体系建设

文章分析了中国科学院馆际互借服务背景状况，提出了国家科学数字图书馆馆际互借与文献传递服务体系建设的目标，进而论述服务体系的系统技术框架和服务管理机制等问题并提出了今后的工作重点。     

The reliability of distance run tests for children in grades K-4.

The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability for the 1-mile, 3/4-mile, and 1/2-mile distance run/alk tests for children in Grades K-4. Fifty-one intact physical education classes were randomly assigned to one of the three distance run conditions. A total of 1,229 (621 boys, 608 girls) completed the test-retests in the fall (October), with 1,050 of these students (543 boys, 507 girls) repeating the tests in the spring (May). Results indicated that the 1-mile run/walk distance, as recommended for young children in most national test batteries, has acceptable intraclass reliability (.83 less than R less than .90) for both boys and girls in Grades 3 and 4, has minimal (fall) to acceptable (spring) reliability for Grade 2 students (.70 less than R less than .83), but is not reliable for children in Grades K and 1 (.34 less than R less than .56). The 1/2 mile was the only distance meeting minimal reliability standards for boys and girls in Grades K and 1 (.73 less than R less than .82). Results also indicated that reliability estimates remained fairly stable across gender and age groups from the fall to spring testing periods, with the exception of the noticeably improved values for Grade 2 students on the 1-mile run/walk test. Criterion-referenced reliability (P, percent agreement) was also estimated relative to Physical Best and Fitnessgram run/walk standards. Reliability coefficients for all age group standards were acceptable to high (.70 less than P less than .95), except for Fitnessgram standards for 5-year-old girls on the 1-mile test for both fall and spring and for 6-year-old boys and girls on the 1-mile test administered in the spring.     

Postexercise energy expenditure following upper body exercise

This study was designed to examine the magnitude and duration of excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) following upper body exercise, using lower body exercise for comparison. On separate days and in a counterbalanced order, eight subjects (four male and four female) performed a 20-min exercise at 60% of mode-specific peak oxygen uptake (VO2) using an arm crank and cycle ergometer. Prior to each exercise, baseline VO2 and heart rate (HR) were measured during the final 15 min of a 45-min seated rest. VO2 and HR were measured continuously during the postexercise period until baseline VO2 was reestablished. No significant difference between the two experimental conditions was found for magnitude of EPOC (t [7] = 0.69, p greater than .05). Mean (+/- SD) values were 9.2 +/- 3.3 and 10.4 +/- 5.8 kcal for the arm crank and cycle ergometer exercises, respectively. Duration of EPOC was relatively short and not significantly different (t [7] = 0.24, p greater than .05) between the upper body (22.9 +/- 13.7 min) and lower body (24.2 +/- 19.4 min) exercises. Within the framework of the chosen exercise conditions, these results suggest EPOC may be related primarily to the relative metabolic rate of the active musculature, as opposed to the absolute exercise VO2 or quantity of active muscle mass associated with these two types of exercise.     

安徽高校图书馆文献资源建设的现状和建议

<正> (一)根据对全省35所高等学校图书馆的调查,安徽省高校图书馆文献资源总体状况可归纳为以下优势和不足:一、优势1.我省高校图书情报事业的发展格局和规模有了一定的基础。目前,全省高校藏书量达1068.38万册,其中中文线装书51.67万册,现刊有3.63万种,过刊7.87万种,并初步形成了各自的藏书特色,文献中教学用书体系形成了专业优势。另外,文献质量不断提高,满足需求的程度持续上升,已具有一定的文献保障水平。     

健美操教学与大学生自我锻炼能力的培养

通过对大学生健美操特点、教学现状以及健美操教学对大学生自我锻炼能力培养的影响等方面的分析，介绍了在健美操教学中培养大学生自我锻炼能力的措施、方法和重要性，使大学生掌握科学的锻炼方法，提高锻炼兴趣，为终身体育锻炼打下良好的基础。     

中国古代"抑商"政策研究的几个问题

在中国古代 ,作为经济政策的“抑商”由两方面组成 :一方面抑制私人商业的发展 ,一方面保护和发展国营商业。商业并不一定意味着商品生产和商品经济 ,商业不可能完全独立于社会经济运动过程而自行发展 ,商业甚至商品经济的发展结果不一定是资本主义 ,二者间并没有必然联系。中国古代“抑商”政策对交换环节影响甚小 ,而对分配环节作用较大 ,主要目的是减少私商所获社会剩余劳动 ,扩大国家所得份额 ,即国家从私商那里夺取商业利益。     

高校老年教职工体育生活方式的研究

本文通过问卷调查 ,数理统计和文献资料等方法 ,对福建省高校的老年教职工参加体育健身活动情况进行调研分析 ,为有关部门了解和掌握老年教职工参加健身活动情况提供第一手材料 ,为更好地开展高校老年教职工健身活动提供参考依据。