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921.
英语语法研究大体经历了从借鉴到描写到解释三个阶段。通过对早期规定语法、描写语法、转换 -生成语法和系统功能语法的历史演变与发展过程的分析和阐述 ,以说明在现代语法研究和我国英语教学中应把语法运用放在首位 ,培养学生在交际活动和与自然语言接触中运用语法规则的能力 相似文献
922.
Peter C. Rouse Joan L. Duda Nikos Ntoumanis Kate Jolly Geoffrey C. Williams 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(1):106-114
This study describes the development and psychometric characteristics of an observational instrument that examines four aspects of interpersonal support (or lack of) provided during physical activity (PA) promotion consultations (i.e., Autonomy Support, Involvement, Structure and Interpersonal Control), as identified by Self-determination Theory (SDT). The reliability and validity of the Interpersonal Support in Physical Activity Consultations Observational Tool (ISPACOT) were examined within an exploratory randomised control trial. Recorded consultations (N = 42) conducted by qualified PA advisors (N = 14) at 13 leisure centres across the West Midlands (UK) were rated. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) indicated moderate to high inter-rater reliability for overall interpersonal support (0.80), and the Autonomy Support (0.74), Involvement (0.73) and Structure (0.91) dimensions, but low reliability for Interpersonal Control (0.35). The advisors, who conducted PA promotion consultations that were rated as low in their interpersonally supportive features, were perceived by their clients as being less supportive (F(1,10) = 5.0, p <.05). Ratings on the ISPACOT differentiated advisors who were trained in SDT principles and those who were not. Overall, the findings provided preliminary evidence for the reliability and convergent validity of the ISPACOT. 相似文献
923.
In three experiments, we examined humans’ folk physics (i.e., a naturally occurring and spontaneous understanding of the physical
world), using variations of problems used to study chimpanzees’ folk physics. Presented with trap-tube problems in two experiments,
adult humans showed an unnecessary bias to insert a stick into the end of the tube farthest from the reward to push it out
the other end. When presented with trap-table problems with ineffective trapping holes, people unnecessarily avoided the side
with the hole. The similarity of humans’ and chimpanzees’ behavior on these tasks highlights methodological and conceptual
problems in studies of chimpanzees’ folk physics and suggests alternative explanations for their behavior. 相似文献
924.
毛泽东从中国革命和建设实践的需要出发,提出了共产党人必须"讲学习",要努力学习马克思主义理论,学习历史知识,学习经济,学习管理;"讲学习"必须坚持科学的态度和方法. 相似文献
925.
Markéta ?kereňová Veronika Mikulová Otakar ?apoun Tomá? Zima 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2016,26(1):103-113
Introduction
Nowadays, on-a-chip capillary electrophoresis is a routine method for the detection of PCR fragments. The Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer was one of the first commercial devices in this field. Our project was designed to study the characteristics of Agilent DNA 1000 kit in PCR fragment analysis as a part of circulating tumour cell (CTC) detection technique. Despite the common use of this kit a complex analysis of the results from a long-term project is still missing.Materials and methods
A commercially available Agilent DNA 1000 kit was used as a final step in the CTC detection (AdnaTest) for the determination of the presence of PCR fragments generated by Multiplex PCR. Data from 30 prostate cancer patients obtained during two years of research were analyzed to determine the trueness and precision of the PCR fragment size determination. Additional experiments were performed to demonstrate the precision (repeatability, reproducibility) and robustness of PCR fragment concentration determination.Results
The trueness and precision of the size determination was below 3% and 2% respectively. The repeatability of the concentration determination was below 15%. The difference in concentration determination increases when Multiplex-PCR/storage step is added between the two measurements of one sample.Conclusions
The characteristics established in our study are in concordance with the manufacturer’s specifications established for a ladder as a sample. However, the concentration determination may vary depending on chip preparation, sample storage and concentration. The 15% variation of concentration determination repeatability was shown to be partly proportional and can be suppressed by proper normalization.Key words: lab-on-a-chip devices, capillary electrophoresis, multiplex PCR, circulating tumour cells, Agilent DNA 1000 kit 相似文献926.
927.
A Review of the Research on Internet Addiction 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Chien?ChouEmail author Linda?Condron John?C.?Belland 《Educational Psychology Review》2005,17(4):363-388
Research indicates that maladaptive patterns of Internet use constitute behavioral addiction. This article explores the research
on the social effects of Internet addiction. There are four major sections. The Introduction section overviews the field and
introduces definitions, terminology, and assessments. The second section reviews research findings and focuses on several
key factors related to Internet addiction, including Internet use and time, identifiable problems, gender differences, psychosocial
variables, and computer attitudes. The third section considers the addictive potential of the Internet in terms of the Internet,
its users, and the interaction of the two. The fourth section addresses current and projected treatments of Internet addiction,
suggests future research agendas, and provides implications for educational psychologists. 相似文献
928.
Solvejg?JobstEmail author 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2005,51(5-6):385-402
EUROPEAN CONSCIOUSNESS: TOWARDS DEFINING A COMPLEX CONCEPT AND ITS EDUCATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE – The present study aims at a definition of ‘European consciousness’. In particular, it draws on Henri Tajfel’s theory of social identity as well as Roland Wakenhut’s and Jutta Gallenmüller’s moral determination of national consciousness. European consciousness is then defined as a sense of belonging which, depending on certain identification structures and social perspectives, can take such distinct forms of moral consciousness as ‘Eurocentrism’, ‘European patriotism’, or ‘reflective European consciousness’. Making reference to Wolfgang Klafki’s notion of general education, it is finally argued that the emancipatory contribution of schooling to greater European integration consists in mediating precisely this last way of thinking. 相似文献
929.
When software is written and then utilized in complex computer systems, problems often occur. Sometimes these problems cause a system to malfunction, and in some instances such malfunctions cause harm. Should any of the persons involved in creating the software be blamed and punished when a computer system failure leads to persons being harmed? In order to decide whether such blame and punishment are appropriate, we need to first consider if the people are “morally responsible”. Should any of the people involved in creating the software be held morally responsible, as individuals, for the harm caused by a computer system failure?This article provides one view of moral responsibility and then discusses some barriers to holding people morally responsible. Next, it provides information about the Therac-25, a computer-controlled medical linear accelerator, and its computer systems failures that led to deaths and injuries. Finally it investigates whether two key people involved in the Therac-25 case could reasonably be considered to have some degree of moral responsibility for the deaths and injuries. The conclusions about whether or not these people were morally responsible necessarily rest upon a certain amount of speculation about what they knew and what they did. These limitations, however, should not cause us to conclude that discussions of moral responsibility are fruitless. In some cases, determinations of moral responsibility may be made and in others the investigation is still worthwhile, as the article demonstrates. 相似文献
930.