教育学定性研究特点与研究范式深析

本文以对西方方法论原著的透辟理解为基点,结合笔者多年海外研究治学实践,对定性研究在教育学的特点和研究范式予以全面的梳理,廓清含混概念,辟出全面的方法论图景.     

Current status of cadaver sources in Turkey and a wake‐up call for Turkish anatomists

Persisting difficulties in body procurement in Turkey led to the acquisition of donated, unclaimed, autopsied, and imported bodies regulated under current legislature. Yet, no study had investigated the extent of the on‐going cadaver problem. This study was aimed to outline cadaver sources in anatomy departments and their effectiveness by means of an online survey. Additionally, official websites of each department were investigated regarding any information on body donation. Unclaimed cadavers (84.8%) were the major source for anatomy departments, followed by donated (50%) and imported cadavers (39.1%). Foundation‐based medical faculties were more likely to import cadavers (P = 0.008). There was a moderate increase (r_s = 0.567; P = 0.018) in donation registrations to our department after 2000. The departments in cities with significantly higher City‐Based Gross Domestic Product measures (US$9,900 vs. US$16,772, P = 0.041), frequencies for mid‐ or high‐school graduates (30.4% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.041), and frequencies for under‐ or post‐graduates (13.1% vs. 15.8%, P = 0.24) had managed to use donated cadavers. Anatomy departments’ major reasons for using unclaimed cadavers were education (45.9%), unclaimed cadavers being the only source (24.3%), and receiving inadequate donations (21.6%). Nine out of seventy‐four departments (12.2%) provided information regarding body donation on their websites. Body procurement remains as a serious problem in Turkey and it is apparent that current legislature does not provide a sufficient cadaver inflow. Similarly, anatomy departments’ effectiveness in public awareness of body donation and support in the National Body Donation Campaign seems questionable. Anat Sci Educ 11: 155–165. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

游戏的本质及与教育的关系探微

从古迄今,游戏与教育均是与人生活、成长、发展关系十分密切的两大活动,都是人与外界的一种交流、交互。在希腊语中,游戏（paidia）和教育（paideia）的词根一样,都是指儿童（pais）的活动,这并不是偶然或巧合。尽管游戏与教育的关系十分悠久与密切,但对于这种关系,一直以来没得到深入系统的探讨。本文从游戏的本质以及属性等入手,揭示了游戏与教育系出同源,在几千年相互作用与发展的历史过程中,它们之间存在着＂分合效应＂,并比较分析了两者的共性与个性,在此基础上,探讨了现代游戏（电脑与教育游戏）与学校教育结合的基点、突破口与途径。     

Preparation of AlN thin films for film bulk acoustic resonator application by radio frequency sputtering

Aluminum nitride （AlN） thin films with high c-axis orientation have been prepared on a glass substrate with an Al bottom electrode by radio frequency （RF） reactive magnetron sputtering. Based on the analysis of Berg＇s hysteresis model, the improved sputtering system is realized without a hysteresis effect. A new control method for rapidly depositing highly c-axis oriented AlN thin films is proposed. The N2 concentration could be controlled by observing the changes in cathode voltage, to realize the optimum processing condition where the target could be fixed stably in the transition region, and both stoichiometric film composition and a high deposition rate could be obtained. Under a 500 W RF power of a target with a 6 cm diameter, a substrate temperature of 450 ℃, a target-substrate distance of 60 mm and a N2 concentration of 25%, AlN thin film with preferential （002） orientation was deposited at 2.3 μm/h which is a much higher rate than previously achieved. Through X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis, the full width at half maximum （FWHM） of AlN （002） was shown to be about 0.28°, which shows the good crystallinity and crystal orientation of AlN thin film. With other parameters held constant, any increase or decrease in N2 concentration results in an increase in the FWHM of AlN.     

管理主义与学术自由孰是孰非——以2006年《牛津大学治理(白皮书)》失败为案例

以2000年以来的牛津大学管理体制改革,特别是2006年出台的《牛津大学治理(白皮书)》为标志的改革失败为案例,通过对牛津大学改革的进程和原因进行分析,揭示了传统大学在管理体制变革过程中呈现出来的行政权力与学术权力的矛盾,以及改革进程中呈现出来的管理主义色彩对于学术自由的冲击,说明传统深厚的大学内实施管理体制改革需要管理主义与学术自由的恰当融合.     

A qualitative analysis of context-aware ubiquitous learning environments using Bluetooth beacons

The use of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons is becoming widespread for context-aware learning environments. This technology can be used in indoor and outdoor settings such as museums, shops, home and schools in order to identify the location of learners and their contexts. Specifically, in the constructivist view of learning, learners can use such sensing technology for constructing knowledge and experiencing learning at any time, anywhere. However, exploration of such technology has been limited in the constructivist context-aware ubiquitous learning (U-learning) literature. For this purpose, the authors evaluated two android-based U-learning applications: one was an outdoor learning environment in a garden, the other was about locating books in a library. The applications were implemented and tested with school and university students. The qualitative results are presented in this article, and show how such sensing technology is promising for both pedagogical environments.     

生源危机背景下构建终身教育体系的必由之路——高校学历继续教育内涵发展浅析

自1999年普通高等教育大规模扩招以来,我国自学考试等学历继续教育报考人数持续下滑,并已逐步呈现生源危机.学历继续教育作为学校教育和技能培训的中间环节,应在广泛宣传、积极拓展生源的基础上,建立严格评审、评估机制,选优劣汰,确保存续的专业和高校坚持内涵发展、特色发展,实现我国高校学历继续教育持续、健康、有序发展.并在此基础上,打通学校教育与技能培训的壁垒,在全社会范围内合理配置劳动力资源,调动全社会积极因素,努力构建终身教育体系.     

科学的引导 深入的探究

伴随着中学化学教学的改革，探究式教学逐渐成为中学化学教学改革的热点。本文就化学教学开展探究式教学的必要性，探究式教学的类型、构成要素、模式以及探究式教学对教师的要求进行探讨。     

依托大学生创新基地开展大学生创新项目的培育、管理及综合效应的研究

研究团队依托华中科技大学电工电子科技创新中心,以建立全开放的创新实验室为创新项目实施的研究平台;以开设“电工电子工程基础”系列培训为创新项目实施的技术平台;以组织举办课程设计竞赛为创新项目的培育平台;以参加国际、国内重大学科竞赛为创新项目的管理及展示平台.研究团队通过上述4个平台的建设,为大学生创新项目的培育及管理开辟了新途径,并形成了“两结合”、“两支持”、“以赛促管”的研究特色.