隐喻在教学和教师教育中的功能

隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解和经历另一种事物.基于对教学与其他事物相似性的认识和理解,隐喻在教学和教师教育中可以发挥反映教师专业思想,作为教师教学的策略,作为评价、研究和发现的工具,作为教师反思的中介和教学思想转变的"跳板"等十个方面的功能.     

Prospective teachers’ perceptions on different aspects of portfolio

This qualitative–case study examined how portfolio and portfolio assessment were perceived by prospective teachers. The participants were 23 prospective teachers from seven different teaching areas from a Turkish university. A semi-structured individual interview was conducted. The interview schedule included 15 open-ended questions. The main results emerged from content analysis were that prospective teachers perceived portfolio as a learning and an assessment tool. Further, they believed that portfolio was complementary rather than an alternative assessment method to traditional assessment procedures.     

Relationship between serum interleukin-1beta levels and acute phase response proteins in patients with familial Mediterranean fever

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL–1β) has any possible correlation on inflammatory parameters such as C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and fibrinogen concentration in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients during attack-free period.

Materials and methods:

The serum levels of IL-1β, as an indicator of cytokines status, and the acute phase response proteins, CRP, ESR and fibrinogen levels were evaluated in 35 attack-free patients with FMF and 25 healthy volunteers.

Results:

Serum IL-1β levels were significantly higher in patients with FMF than control subjects (P = 0.018). There was no statistically significant difference in the serum levels of ESR, CRP and fibrinogen between two groups (P = 0.181, P = 0.816, P = 0.686, respectively). There was a significant correlation between IL-1β and CRP (r = 0.513, P = 0.002) values of FMF group.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, our results confirm the presence of increased IL-1β levels in FMF patients during attack-free period. Serum IL-1β values seems to correlate with CRP levels. The elevation of IL-1β levels may be important in monitoring subclinical inflammation of attack free period in FMF patients.     

An update algorithm design using moving Region of Attraction for SDRE based control law

State Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) methods have the considerable advantages over other nonlinear control methods. However, stability issues can be arisen in SDRE based control system due to the lack of the global asymptotic stability property. Therefore, the previous studies have usually shown that local asymptotic stability can be ensured by estimating a Region of Attraction (ROA) around the equilibrium point. These estimated regions for stability may become narrow or the condition to keep the states in this region may be very conservative. To resolve these issues, this paper proposes a novel SDRE method employing an update algorithm to re-estimate the ROA when the states tend to move out of the stable region. The tendency is checked using a condition which is developed based on a new theorem. The theorem proves that it is possible to redesign the previous ROA with respect to the current states lying close to its boundary for ensuring the “non-local” stability along the trajectory without the need of solving SDRE at each time instant, unlike the standard SDRE approach. Therefore, the new theorem is now able to enhance the stability of the SDRE based closed-loop control system. The feasibility of the proposed SDRE control method is tested in both simulations and experiments. A validated 3-DOF laboratory helicopter is used for experiments and the control objective for the helicopter is to realise a preplanned movement in both elevation and travel axes. The results reveal that the proposed SDRE approach enables the controlled plant to track the desired trajectory as satisfactorily as the standard SDRE approach, while only solving SDRE when needed. The proposed SDRE method reduces the computational load for practical implementation of the control algorithm whilst ensuring the stability over the operational region.     

新疆双语教育跨越式发展的问题与对策研究

双语教育是发展新疆民族教育事业的一项战略措施.要适应新疆跨越式发展和长治久安战略实施的需要,推进双语教育跨越式发展,必须切实提高科学推进少数民族学前和中小学双语教育政策的执行力度,坚持采取多种有效措施,加强高素质双语教师队伍建设;健全双语教师评价和激励机制,吸引大批优秀人才从事双语教育工作;高度重视双语教育的科学研究工作,强化对教学实践的指导作用;充分有效地发挥现代远程教育设备在双语教学中的作用,重视发挥民汉合校和集中办学规模优势,大面积提高双语教育质量;坚持以传承中华文化为核心,高度重视文化交流交融,促进各民族之间的相互理解与认同.     

Determination and Evaluation of the Science Teacher Candidates’ Misconceptions About Density by Using Four-Tier Diagnostic Test

This study has two aims. The first one is to reveal the science teacher candidates’ misconceptions about the density by using a four-tier diagnostic test, and the second one is to determine to what extent science teacher candidates have scientific knowledge, lack of knowledge, and misconceptions about the density. In order to achieve these aims, a four-tier density diagnostic test was developed with the KR-20 reliability coefficient of 0.753 based on the correct answers, and the KR-20 reliability coefficient of 0.528 based on the misconceptions. To determine the misconceptions about the density with the developed test, data were collected from a total of 470 science teacher candidates from seven different universities in Turkey. With the developed four-tier diagnostic test, 48 different misconceptions were revealed. The results of the research showed that about one fourth of science teacher candidates had a misconception about the density and that the ratio of six of the resulting misconceptions was over 10%. It may be suggested that this study conducted on science teacher candidates should also be conducted on middle and high school students and experimental studies should be carried out to eliminate the misconceptions that emerged in this study.

     

Teenage social behaviour and emotional well‐being: the role of gender and socio‐economic factors

This article draws on the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) to examine parent ratings of social, emotional and behavioural difficulties and prosocial behaviour in pre‐ and mid‐adolescents. A series of mixed‐design ANOVAs yielded interesting results. Parent ratings of emotional difficulties in girls increased as they moved from pre‐ to mid‐adolescence whereas for boys the reverse was found. Peer problems were found to be on the rise, whereas prosocial skills decreased for 14‐year‐olds. Most importantly, significant associations were found between socio‐economic measures (that is, family income and parent education) and ratings across the domains of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, highlighting the socio‐economic specificity of behaviour and well‐being in adolescents. These findings have significant implications for understanding trends in young people's social behaviour and emotional well‐being from pre‐ to mid‐adolescence within their socio‐economic context.     

Incorporating critical thinking in the pedagogical content of a teacher education programme: does it make a difference?

Recent educational policies, national reports, and voluminous literature stress that critical thinking (CT) is an essential skill in any stage of schooling for producing critical thinkers and ensuring better learning. The importance of teaching CT has been raised in teacher education programmes because students are supposed to teach this skill in schools in the future. This study therefore assesses the effects of a CT-based pedagogical course on student teachers’ content knowledge and CT disposition. A pre-test–post-test experimental study was carried out in a vocational pre-service teacher education programme in Turkey. Although the students who were exposed to CT-based instruction showed better progress in both academic achievement and CT disposition than in traditional instruction, this result was not statistically significant according to the Mixed Factorial ANOVA and ANCOVA results.     

Das Potenzial des Schulhofs für die Entwicklung von Heranwachsenden

The school playground is rarely a focus of academic research. This leads to the fact that the spatial presentation of the school playground and its educational importance is neglected. However, the school playground as an educational environment could be of high importance for the development of adolescents. The relationship between development and environment is shown with the help of the action-oriented concept of socio-spatial acquisition. The acquisition concept originated from Soviet developmental psychology and is differentiated for social education into a traditional and advanced acquisition approach. Five acquisition dimensions can be operationalized by means of this development concept with which the interactions of spatial structures and playground activities can be described and analyzed. It will be shown that playgrounds provide an enormous potential for the development of adolescents. Based on empirical results dominant activities can be determined for children, kids and adolescents, taking the gender into consideration. These dominant activities ascertain information of present-orientated personal requirements of students in school playgrounds. Special attention in terms of an adequate provision of a learning environment should be drawn to dominant activities in particular stages of life in order to increase the development of adolescents and the quality of day schools. If age and gender-specific services are provided for the acquisition of spaces, adolescents will not only develop a variety of learning and development processes in the schoolyard. Within the process of appropriation through movement, play and sports adolescents are able to deal educationally with the objective structures of the environment and subjective needs.     

Comparative analysis of students and faculty level of awareness and knowledge of digital citizenship practices in a distance learning environment: case study

Education and Information Technologies - The COVID-19 pandemic increase the use of distance learning while studies have shown that there is insufficient digital knowledge among students in distance...