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51.
Online courses play an increasing role in professional development of environmental educators, yet little information is available on the interactive processes involved in online learning. We examined the relationship of three types of interactions in an urban environmental education online course – participant–participant, participant–instructor, and participant–content – to four course outcomes: participants’ motivation to learn, intent to adapt ideas and information learned through the course in their practice, actual adaptation of ideas in their practice, and development of professional networks. Content analysis was used to characterize participants’ and instructors’ weekly online posts and comments, and generalized estimation equation modeling was used to explore the relationships between interactions and outcomes. The results showed that participant–content interaction had significant positive relationships with participants’ motivation to learn, intent to adapt ideas, and adaptation of ideas. Participant–participant interaction had significant positive relationships with participants’ motivation to learn, and development of professional networks with each other. Finally, participant–instructor interaction had a significant positive relationship with participants’ development of professional networks. The results of this study can be used to improve professional development online courses for environmental educators. 相似文献
52.
Metacognition and Learning - Every electronic message poses some threat of being a phishing attack. If recipients underestimate that threat, they expose themselves, and those connected to them, to... 相似文献
53.
Alex Kumi–Yeboah James Dogbey Guangji Yuan 《Journal of Research on Technology in Education》2018,50(1):1-17
The rapid growth of online education at the K-12 level in recent years presents the need to explore issues that influence the academic experiences of students choosing this method of learning. In this study, we examined factors that promote/hinder the learning experiences and academic self-concept of minority students attending an online high school. Qualitative interviews were conducted with twenty-four African American, and sixteen Hispanic high school students. The results showed that collaborative learning activities, access to resources, time convenience, student-teacher interactions, student-student interactions, improved academic behavior, and parental support helped to enhance online learning experiences and academic self-concept of the minority students. On the contrary, the lack of social presence, and the lack of cultural inclusion in course content constrain online learning experiences and academic self-concept of the students. The findings revealed some similarities between factors that influence minority students learning experiences online, and in face-to-face setting. The study also highlighted the need for teachers of online courses to understand the cultural backgrounds of minority students, and to use their knowledge to improve the learning experiences and academic self-concept of these students. Implications for teaching minority high school students in an online environment, as well as suggestions for future research are provided. (Keywords: minority students, K-12 online school, factors, online learning, self-concept) 相似文献
54.
This article addresses problems facing universities because of external pressures for changes in their teaching, research, and governance and management policies and practices to align them with public policies. The view is put that governments are introducing public policies in times of economic recession to achieve rationalisation of human, physical and financial resources in higher education and to foster initiatives that shape university teaching and research to serve the needs of society and assist in national economic recovery. Examples of these external pressures, which have resulted in intrusions into the autonomy of university governance and management, are provided in the context of general system theory. It is assumed that the pressure of public policies on universities will continue and that each university should have a development plan for its present and future teaching and research activities, which has the endorsement of the government higher education advisory agency so that university management can function on a secure basis. The effectiveness and efficiency of functioning at the various levels of the university system should be assessed by periodic evaluative reviews. The quality of management by academic leaders should be fostered by the establishment of national centres for the study of higher education management and policy. The relationship between government higher education advisory agencies and universities should be renegotiated so that, as interdependent and interrelated parts of the higher education system, they work in joint co-operation to ensure the most effective and appropriate development of each institution. Nevertheless, a state of equilibrium between the university system and the supra (social) system within which it exists will never fully be achieved. The fundamental role and functions of a university require that it be concerned with teaching and researching both ageless and current phenomena. Hence, a perfect equilibrium state cannot exist if external social pressures are for the main weight of university activities to be shifted to providing service for the current needs of society. 相似文献
55.
Typically, students are assessed on elements of their performance, and it is assumed that the sum of marks for these elements will be just as impressive as the students' whole performances. Examiners might expect more for a particular grade if they only see parts of the students' work separately. Two experiments were carried out comparing examiners' judgements of the grade-worthiness of candidates' A-level examination work at question paper level and at subject level. The results of both studies suggested that examiners may have compensated to some extent for the different aspects of the subject tested in different question papers when they made holistic judgements, but did not make this compensation when they made question paper judgements. Tunnel vision effects are likely to be greater in the AS/A2 examinations than those found here, because the examinations will be broken into smaller parts. 相似文献
56.
Tammy Babe Means Ph.D. David H. Jonassen Francis M. Dwyer 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1997,45(1):5-17
The hypothesis of this study assumes that the cognitive effects of motivation result primarily from the relevance of what
is being learned, that is, whether the ideas being studied are meaningful and whether they fulfill the goals of the learner.
This study compared the effects of intrinsic relevance (material fulfilling a purpose or need of the learner) with embedded,
extrinsic relevance-enhancing strategies based on the ARCS (attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) Model of Instruction
on perceived motivation and the learning outcomes of identification, terminology, comprehension, and drawing. Both intrinsic
and extrinsic strategies enhanced the motivation of the college learners and their performance on identification, terminology,
and comprehension questions following instruction. Embedded relevance-enhancing strategies resulted in greater motivation
and performance gains than did intrinsic relevance.
She is currently teaching reading and writing strategies to elementary school children.
His publications include the recently completedHandbook of Research for Educational Communications and Technology, reviewed in this issue.
Francis M. Dwyer is Professor of Instructional Systems at the Pennsylvania State University, where he has been a leading researcher
in the role of visuals in instruction. He is a past-president of AECT. 相似文献
57.
58.
Income and Social Rank Influence UK Children's Behavioral Problems: A Longitudinal Analysis 下载免费PDF全文
Elisabeth A. Garratt Tarani Chandola Kingsley Purdam Alex M. Wood 《Child development》2017,88(4):1302-1320
Children living in low‐income households face elevated risks of behavioral problems, but the impact of absolute and relative income to this risk remains unexplored. Using the U.K. Millennium Cohort Study data, longitudinal associations between Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scores and absolute household income, distance from the regional median and mean income, and regional income rank were examined in 3‐ to 12‐year‐olds (n = 16,532). Higher absolute household incomes were associated with lower behavioral problems, while higher income rank was associated with lower behavioral problems only at the highest absolute incomes. Higher absolute household incomes were associated with lower behavioral problems among children in working households, indicating compounding effects of income and socioeconomic advantages. Both absolute and relative incomes therefore appear to influence behavioral problems. 相似文献
59.
Toward a Learning Technologies knowledge network 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Roy D. Pea Robert Tinker Marcia Linn Barbara Means John Bransford Jeremy Roschelle Sherry Hsi Sean Brophy Nancy Songer 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1999,47(2):19-38
The National Science Foundation-funded Center for Innovative Learning Technologies (CILT) is designed to be a national resource
for stimulating research and development of technology-enabled solutions to critical problems in K-14 science, math, engineering
and technology learning. The Center, launched at the end of 1997, is organized around four themes identified as areas where
research is likely to result in major gains in teaching and learning, and sponsors research across disciplines and institutions
in its four theme areas. CILT brings together experts in the fields of cognitive science, educational technologies, computer
science, subject matter learning, and engineering. It engages business through an Industry Alliance Program and is also training
postdoctoral students. CILT's founding organizations are SRI International's Center for Technology in Learning, University
of California at Berkeley (School of Education and Department of Computer Science), Vanderbilt University's Learning Technology
Center, and the Concord Consortium. Through its programs, CILT seeks to reach beyond these organizations to create a web of
organizations, individuals, industries, schools, foundations, government agencies, and labs, that is devoted to the production,
sharing and use of new knowledge about how learning technologies can dramatically improve the processes and outcomes of learning
and teaching. This paper describes the rationale and operations of the Center, and first-year progress in defining a set of
CILT partnership projects with many other institutions that came out of our national theme-team workshops.
Roy Pea, of SRI International, is Director of CILT.
Marcia Linn (U. California, Berkeley), John Bransford (Vanderbilt University), Barbara Means (SRI International), and Robert
Tinker (Concord Consortium), serve as CILT's coprincipal investigators.
Sherry Hsi (Ubiquitous Computing) and Sean Brophy (Technology and Assessment Models) are among the first group of CILT Postdoctoral
Fellows.
Jeremy Roschelle (SRI International) and Nancy Songer (University of Michigan) are CILT theme-team leaders.
Roy Pea and Marcia Linn would like to thank the Spencer Foundation for support during their year at the Center for Advanced
Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, in which they developed the CILT concept with the other authors. CILT
is funded by National Science Foundation grant #CDA-9720384. Pea and Linn would also like to acknowledge contributions to
this article by the many authors of CILT partnership project proposals, and by theme-team leaders.
The authors thankfully acknowledge Donna Baranski-Walker for her many contributions to developing the CILT Industrial Alliance
Program while serving as its Director in 1998. 相似文献
60.
Sustainability, crossdisciplinarity and higher education --From an agronomic point of view 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alex Koutsouris 《美中教育评论》2009,6(3):13-27
Nowadays, there is a growing conviction (at least in rhetoric) that sustainability is an idea whose time has come with education being a critical component in the transition towards a sustainable future. In the field of higher agricultural education, systemic approaches have, among others, triggered a lively dialogue. Topics include the challenge of sustainable agricultural development, the understanding of agriculture as the interface between people and their environment, integrated curricula (i.e. multi- inter- and trans-disciplinary approaches), etc. Such powerful debates have (sometimes radical) consequences for the whole curriculum design, i.e. the nature of goals, content (knowledge), and processes (learning methodologies). However, the still dominant scientific paradigm of reductionism, the strong traditions of disciplines and the prevailing approach to agricultural development impede changes towards a new educational paradigm in higher education. Nonetheless, such a new paradigm should be supported if universities are to keep pace in a changing world. 相似文献