FACILITATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF TALENTS

World class pioneering achievements are a nation's most valuable asset. They arise from the efforts of talents‐people of extraordinary ability. The vital task of fostering the emergence of such talents requires a concentrated effort covering the entire lifespan. Significant factors are parents, contemporaries and teachers as well as media, the societal atmosphere and contact with great social and scientific issues. These must act together to produce talents with not only the ability but also the dedication to achieve.

     

青少年训练主体概念的重建

在原有的运动训练学的背景下,我们在此处描述的对运动训练质的研究设计肯定会被看作是在以自然科学中的量为主导的学科中的一个例外,我们的研究目的在于获得对青少年训练对象的理解。站在教练员的立场,与此项研究相关的方面是错综复杂的,换句话说,此项研究的重点不是研究者的视角,更多的是被研究者的立场观点。本项目的研究内容是青少年训练过程中运动员主观条件的重要性,研究重点是探讨无法进行标准化研究的知识所适用的研究形式。调研几乎涵盖了儿童及青少年训练阶段的全部时间节点,采取了部分标准化、主线鲜明的采访形式,使得调研目的得以完美实现：实事求是地凸显出青少年竞技类运动项目训练体系的内在特征,并且可以对这些特征的合理程度在各种运动项目的对照下进行比较分析。与量化研究方法相比,成功青少年训练的主体概念项目强调了质性研究方法的特征,其采用的调查分析方法体现了探索特性,重建或建设性的特性和形成理论的特性。然而在调查结论中得出了一个成功青少年教练主观理论的逻辑,完全颠覆了针对调研中心思想预先规定的主题结构,有必要通过实验进行更多以客观认知与调查分析为基础的干预性研究,以澄清青少年训练中一些尚不明确的细节问题。此外,在研究成功的青少年训练时,如不考虑教育学、心理学、社会学等方面的因素,我们无法单单从训练科学的角度出发就能足够系统化地分析儿童和青少年在“日常理论”中的训练过程。     

Effects on muscle strength,maximal jump height,flexibility and postural sway after soccer and Zumba exercise among female hospital employees: a 9-month randomised controlled trial

This 9-month randomised controlled workplace physical activity trial investigated the effects of soccer and Zumba exercise, respectively, on muscle strength, maximal jump height, sit-and-reach flexibility and postural sway among female workers. A total of 107 female hospital employees aged 25–63 were cluster-randomised to a soccer group, a Zumba group or a control group. Training was conducted outside working hours as two to three 1-h weekly sessions the first 3 months and once a week the last 6 months. Tests were conducted at baseline, after 3 and 9 months. The soccer group improved maximal neck extension strength both after 3 (1.2 kg; P < 0.05) and 9 months (1.7 kg; P < 0.01) compared to the control group. The Zumba group improved maximal trunk extension strength (3.1 kg; P = 0.04) after 3 months, with improvements in postural sway velocity moment (?9.2 mm²/s; P < 0.05) and lower limb lean mass (0.4 kg; P < 0.05) after 9 months. No significant intervention effects were revealed in vertical jump height or sit-and-reach flexibility. The present study indicates that workplace-initiated soccer and Zumba exercise may be beneficial for improvement of the neck and trunk strength, which may have preventive effects with regard to future perceived muscle pain in the respective body regions. Furthermore, the Zumba group revealed positive effects on lower limb lean mass and postural sway compared to the control group.     

Living while being alive: education and learning in the Treatment Action Campaign

This paper is based on research into the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) in South Africa. The research investigated whether, through being active members of this social movement, HIV‐positive activists learn things they could not otherwise learn about their status and the epidemic, and how they put such knowledge to use. We show how activists develop a critical understanding of the underlying causes of their ill health and its link to economic poverty and global politics. The paper concludes by suggesting that adult educators can assume direct responsibility for poverty reduction by working in and with social movements.     

Intersecting discourses of militarism: military and academic gendered organizations

This paper critically discusses the role of the interpreter in the validation of the prior learning of recent immigrants arriving in Sweden by drawing on a perspective from the sociology of translation. The recent immigrants’ difficulties with speaking the local language is usually described as the main problem when it comes to validating their prior learning. As a result, the use of interpreters is proposed to facilitate the assessment process. The current literature largely sees the interpreter’s role in the validation of prior foreign learning as unproblematic. The interpreter is described as a neutral means of transmitting the knowledge, skills and experience of the immigrant in an objective way to the assessor. In this paper I criticise this view of the interpreter as a neutral, objective tool. I argue that the role of the interpreter is not given, but enacted during the validation process. Furthermore, the study shows that, far from transmitting information from the immigrant to the assessor, the interpreter is profoundly implicated in the construction of the knowledge that materialises in the assessment results.     

Metadata Collaboration between the Swiss National Library and Research Institutions in the Field of Swiss Historiography

Abstract

This article presents examples of metadata collaborations between the Swiss National Library (NL) and research institutions in the field of Swiss historiography. The NL publishes the Bibliography on Swiss History (BSH). In order to meet the demands of its research community, the NL has improved the accessibility and interoperability of the BSH database. Moreover, the BSH takes part in metadata projects such as Metagrid, a web service linking different historical databases. Other metadata collaborations with partners in the historical field such as the Law Sources Foundation (LSF) will position the BSH as an indispensable literature hub for publications on Swiss history.