El desarrollo del lenguaje en un caso de carencias afectivas graves en la primera infancia

Resumen

Los datos lingüísticos fueron registrados mediante un vídeo en un contexto natural y habitual del niño. Se analiza el lenguaje desde los tres planos lingüísticos, sintáctico, semántico y pragmático. Además, para observar el nivel de desarrollo lingüístico, se comparó la producción del lenguaje del sujeto estudiado con la de otro niño cuyo desarrollo es adecuado.

Tras los resultados obtenidos del trabajo, se puede concluir que los factores externos, en los aspectos que están relacionados a pautas de cuidado y de interacción diádica adulto-niño, son fundamentales para la adecuada adquisición y desarrollo lingüístico y, además, la rehabilitación del mismo no es muy esperanzadora.     

Anticipated IT infrastructure and supply chain integration capabilities for RFID and their associated deployment outcomes

This study looks at the perceived ability of components of IT infrastructure integration and supply chain process integration to predict specific radio frequency identification (RFID) system deployment outcomes—exploration, exploitation, operational efficiency, and market knowledge creation. Data for this pilot research study was collected using a survey questionnaire administered online to members of the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP). It was hypothesized that data consistency and cross-functional application integration, both elements constituting IT infrastructure integration, and information flow integration, physical flow integration, and financial flow integration, all elements constituting supply chain process integration would be positively associated with and predict the four RFID system outcomes. Multiple regression results show partial support for all four proposed hypotheses. Cross-functional application integration and financial flow integration predicted exploration, while data consistency and physical flow integration predicted exploitation. Data consistency and cross-functional application integration, on the other hand, predicted both operational efficiency and market knowledge creation. Supply chain managers planning to deploy RFID systems are alerted to the criticality of these IT infrastructure issues as they brace for a likely widespread implementation of RFID in supply chains they participate in.     

Searching for “Home” in Dixie: Identity and Education in the New Latin@ South

This study explores how 3 Latino male college students who attended rural, K–12 North Carolina schools use their conceptions of home to fight against oppressive forces in the southern United States. Specifically, through the use of life history data, I unpack both the challenges that they face and the agency-laden decisions that they make to navigate various tensions related to their Latin@ identities. This work extends current literature on men of color in schools, which largely omits the experiences of Latino male students that come of age in rural, southeastern, US settings.     

Structured study questions as a social work teaching method: A controlled experimental study

Two prior studies have described and provided initial empirical support for the effectiveness of structured study questions as a method of instruction within didactic social work education. The present report describes the design, conduct and results of a more methodologically rigorous experimental study, comparing the effectiveness of study questions versus a method of teaching called learning through discussion in promoting M.S.W. students learning of sophisticated research skills. Using a pretest-posttest alternative treatment group design, with blind evaluations of student performance, the study question method was found to be superior to learning through discussion. These results support the more extensive use of the study question method of instruction within social work education.Bruce A. Thyer is a professor of social work at the University of Georgia, where he obtained his M.S.W. degree in 1978. Dr. Thyer earned his Ph.D. in social work and psychology from the University of Michigan in 1982. His research interests involve promoting applied behavior analysis within social work. Geraldine Jackson-White is an instructor of social work at the University of Georgia, where she obtained her M.S.W. in 1977. Ms. Jackson-White is a doctoral candidate in public administration at the University of Georgia. Richard Sutphen has an M.A. in sociology from Memphis State University and an M.S.W. from the University of Georgia where he is currently a doctoral student in social work. Dorothy F. Carrillo received her M.S.W. from Atlanta University and is currently a doctoral student in social work at the University of Georgia where she is also an instructor of social work.Tim Stocks of the University of Texas at Arlington School of Social Work provided valuable statistical consultation.     

Improving child maltreatment detection systems: a large-scale case study involving health, social services, and school professionals

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this 5-year study was to improve detection in two consecutive phases: (a) To close the gap between the number of identified cases and the actual number of cases of child abuse by increasing detection; and (b) To increase the possibility of a broader spectrum of detection. METHOD: The Balearic Islands (one of the Autonomous Communities of Spain, with 161,287 children under 18 years old) was selected as the study area. Phase 1: front-line professionals (181) from all the health and social services agencies were trained in detection. Phase 2, school professionals (251) from all schools in the territory were also trained. The independent factor was the intervention provided to the professionals with training and support. A pre-post design was used over the area, divided in territories, in which the program was gradually implemented to provide within-territory and between-territories controls. RESULTS: Phase 1: Comparison before-after implementation of the program showed that detection was tripled in the Balearic Islands (from .58 to 1.77 per 1,000 children). An unplanned generalization effect was found, and post hoc analysis considering only the islands showed the expected increase. Phase 2: A subsequent increased detection rate was found in Child Protection Services cases 2.18 per 1,000. Of those new cases, 24.5% came from schools, after controlling for duplication. CONCLUSIONS: This detection system showed positive changes after training and supporting frontline health and social services professionals. However, these professionals only have occasional contacts with the child population. Therefore, to broaden the spectrum of detection and to reach more maltreated children, who are less likely to be visible to CPS, it is necessary to train and support school professionals because of the frequency of their contacts with children on an almost daily basis.     

V + H: Hybrid architecture for DSS and OLTP

Previous research has been done to identify the best pragmatic approach that DBMSs must follow to manage different workloads. Some approaches have followed the “One size fits all” approach, trying to incorporate all features in a row-oriented DBMS (also called horizontal) to manage both OLTP and DSS workloads. Additionally, there have been specialized DBMS, following a columnar approach (also called vertical), that focuses on the growing demand to efficiently manage DSS workloads. This paper proposes a combination of both vertical and horizontal DBMS to best manage OLTP and DSS workloads. We have used mature, commercially available products from a single vendor and developed a custom middleware Decision Query Module that identifies the best option for most efficient execution of a query. This V + H architecture also offers the functionality of a mirrored DB without paying twice for storage.     

Discusión de dilemas morales y desarrollo progresivo del juicio moral

La técnica de discusión de dilemas se presenta en el marco de las teorías cognitivo-evolutivas, haciendo referencia a la teoría de los estadios morales que establece Kohlberg. Se presenta un dilema dirigido en especial a los alumnos del tercer nivel de la Educación Primaria, ofreciendo, asimismo, prototipos de actividades para otros tramos educativos.     

Designing a flashcard with knowledge pills for learning to solve chemistry exercises

Nowadays, universities tend to promote more learner-centred learning, creating a more interactive and motivational environment for students and teachers. This paper describes an expanded framework to help chemical educators to construct a quiz for solution of chemical exercises in their courses. The novelty of this contribution is that the proposed tool combines a flashcards-based method with knowledge pills. The framework has three levels: definition of problem for a teacher; the quiz; use of the quiz for the student. The tool could provide predefined or automatically generated exercises of chemicals. Students could practise where and whenever they like via the Internet. Theirs answers would be registered automatically by the tool and if the students have doubts about any of the questions, they can see a knowledge pill with a teacher explanation about the solution of the exercise. Moreover, they would be able to check their scores from the tests. Once the flashcards were designed and produced, the opinions of other lecturers and students about them were considered. Both groups considered that the tool could be useful to improve the students’ learning process. For future work, this design will be used with the students and its effectiveness will be analysed.     

Las ideas de los alumnos sobre la ciencia como teorías implícitas

Resumen

Durante los últimos años, los trabajos sobre el aprendizaje de las ciencias han estado dominados por dos enfoques contrapuestos: la teoría piagetiana de las operaciones formales y el enfoque de las ideas previas o concepciones alternativas. Frente a estos dos enfoques los autores proponen una alternativa intermedia basada en el concepto de «teorías implícitas». Estas teorías serían teorías personales que, como las teorías científicas, sirven para organizar y predecir el mundo circundante. No obstante, presentan también características muy diferentes de las teorías científicas tanto en lo referente a su contenido como a su organización. Estas diferentes características tienen, como se expone en el artículo, importantes consecuencias tanto para la investigación como para la práctica educativa.