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51.
Daniela Ostatníková Július Hodosy Martina Skokňová Zdeněk Putz Matúš Kúdela Peter Celec 《Learning and individual differences》2010,20(5):484-487
Spatial abilities vary during the menstrual cycle. The effects of a similar rhythm in men are unknown. Mental rotation and spatial visualization of young healthy volunteers (29 females and 31 males) were tested during the menstrual and periovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle in women, and during the low-testosterone and high-testosterone phases of the circatrigintan rhythm in men in random order. Men outperformed women in both tests. In women, higher scores were achieved during the periovulatory phase, in men during the low-testosterone phase. The correlation between actual salivary testosterone levels and spatial abilities were positive in women and negative in men. According to our knowledge, this is the first study showing effects of a male infradian rhythm on cognitive abilities. 相似文献
52.
Matías López Patricia Gasalla Mercedes Vega Cheryl L. Limebeer Erin M. Rock Katharine J. Tuerke Holly Bedard Linda A. Parker 《Learning & behavior》2010,38(2):177-186
The present experiments, using the latent inhibition (LI) paradigm, evaluated the effect of nonreinforced exposure to saccharin
on the acquisition of an LiCl-induced saccharin aversion as measured by conditioned disgust reactions in the taste reactivity
test and conditioned taste avoidance in a consumption test. When rats were preexposed to saccharin by bottle exposure (Experiments
1 and 3), LI was evidenced only by conditioned taste avoidance (bottle testing), but not by conditioned disgust reactions
(intraoral [IO] testing). On the other hand, when rats were preexposed to saccharin by IO infusion (Experiments 2 and 3),
LI was evidenced only by conditioned disgust reactions, but not by conditioned taste avoidance. Experiment 4 showed that LI
of conditioned disgust reactions does not appear to be affected by a context shift from preexposure to testing phases. These
results show that the expression of LI of both conditioned taste avoidance and conditioned disgust reactions depends critically
on a common method of flavor exposure during preexposure and testing. 相似文献