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21.
Luce C. A. Claessens Jan van Tartwijk Anna C. van der Want Helena J. M. Pennings Nico Verloop Perry J. den Brok 《The Journal of educational research》2017,110(5):478-493
The authors voice teachers' perceptions of their interpersonal experiences with students in both positive and problematic relationships. Interview data from 28 teachers were examined by coding utterances on teacher and student interactions. Results indicate that teachers defined the quality of the relationship mostly by the level of communion (friendly vs. hostile), instead of by the level of agency (in control vs. powerless). Analyses of mentioned teacher and student behavior show a friendly interactional pattern for positive relationships and a hostile pattern for problematic ones. In teachers' perceptions, positive and problematic relationships also differed in context where encounters take place and topic of talk. Contrary to interactions in problematic relationships, encounters in positive relationships were mostly situated outside the classroom context and conversations during these encounters covered a wide range of topics. Implications for teacher education programs are discussed. 相似文献
22.
Rossella Cappetta Author Vitae Paola Cillo Author Vitae Anna Ponti Author Vitae 《Research Policy》2006,35(9):1273-1290
In this paper we propose and test an evolutionary model of stylistic innovation, that is the change in the aesthetic and symbolic elements of products and services. Style is an increasingly relevant phenomenon in many industries and our goal is to develop a model of how styles get introduced and adopted. We build on existent literature on technological change to frame the dynamics of how style changes across time. In the model we propose, companies face periods of ferment with relevant stylistic variations and periods of convergence on a single trend—that is the stylistic convergent design versus the technologic dominant design. We identify the drivers of convergence in stylistic innovation. We test the model with a longitudinal empirical study (1984-2002) in the fine fashion industry, explaining the main differences between a stylistic and a technological evolutionary model. 相似文献
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Anna Keune Kylie Peppler 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(1):280-293
Celebrating hands-on making and technological inventiveness, the Maker Movement promotes the popularity of new makerspaces: learning environments filled with diverse materials for youth’s creative projects. Described as “constructionist learning environments,” makerspaces can be challenging to design because materials require substantial budgetary investments. Because the practical demands of space and cost often dominate decisions concerning a new makerspace, less attention is paid to how the choice of materials inadvertently limits who uses the space, how learning happens, or how materials in a space will interact and intra-act over time. Building on theories of constructionism and relational materialism to analyze and theorize learning in makerspaces, we take a case-based approach to illustrate the co-development of 3D printing materials, youth and educational programs at an out-of-school makerspace. In the process, we demonstrate the need to rethink the role of materials in human development and educational design. We introduce the concept of materials-to-develop-with to explain how objects can be internalized and drive the development of spaces, people and learning opportunities. 相似文献
26.
Yvonne Robinson Anna Paraskevopoulou Sumi Hollingworth 《British Educational Research Journal》2019,45(6):1203-1219
Creativity has become the new watchword in UK academic and policy circles. Within this context, policy discussions about the arts and their impact emphasise economic benefits over educational value, drawing clear distinctions between quantifiable or ‘hard’ measures of impact and those described as ‘soft’, less tangible and lacking a strong evidence base. Departing from the binary logics often underpinning notions of arts impacts, this article is novel in exploring the entwined relationship between impacts seen as ‘hard’ and ‘soft’. We draw on research examining the links between arts education and young people's future trajectories and use the concept of ‘active citizenship’ to show how informal, softer skills fostered through creative learning are an important part of citizenship-making for some young people. Participants’ accounts show how improvements in soft skills can give young people opportunities for agency, which shape progression pathways leading to measurable change. This finding is directly relevant in the context of evaluations of arts impacts in the UK and abroad, and should encourage further examination of the impact of creative learning on transfer of skills as well as policy developments in this area. 相似文献
27.
Tammeorg Priit Mykkänen Anna Rantamäki Tomi Lakkala Minna Muukkonen Hanni 《Research in Science Education》2019,49(3):809-828
Research in Science Education - Trialogical learning, a collaborative and iterative knowledge creation process using real-life artefacts or problems, familiarizes students with working life... 相似文献
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Anna Anzani Luiga Binda Alberto Carpinteri Stefano Invernizzi Guiseppe Lacidogna 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(4):387-470
In the paper some case studies of damaged towers in Italy are presented: the Tower Masserano of Palace Ferrero - La Marmora at Biella, the bell tower of the Collegiata of San Vittore at Arcisate, and three medieval towers in Alba. A methodology is put forward for combining laboratory and nondestructive testing methods with monitoring systems in order to reach the goal of evaluating the state of conservation of historic towers and its evolution in time. 相似文献
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Anna Klisiska-Kopacz Renata Tilova Grzegorz Adamski Roman Kozowski 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(4):950-410
Mercury porosimetry was applied to the study of pore structure of the historic Roman cement mortars representative of different locations in Europe and time periods as well as different application techniques from architectural castings to in situ formed renders and profiles. Three categories of pores were found to coexist in the mortars. The finest pores, with diameters below 0.1 μm, are present within the hardened aged Roman cement matrix. The larger ‘air’ pores, with diameters between 0.2–2 μm, are due to the evaporation of the excess unbound water and restricted hydration. Pores larger than 2 μm are rare and, in general, can be related to microcracking induced by shrinkage drying and mortar weathering. The mortars have rarely been found to develop a dense fine-porous microstructure characteristic of the ideal conditions of moist-curing; massive architectural castings being the only exception identified. The presence of larger ‘air’ pores was, in turn, almost universally observed. The investigations of the freshly prepared Roman cement mortars have revealed that the restricted hydration could be due to the exposure of the freshly laid surface to dry real-world external environments, a high water-to-cement ratio in the original mortars, or the drawing of water from the stucco mass due to insufficient pre-wetting of the porous masonry. The insufficient reactivity of historic cements, resulting from a high content of over-burned, non-reactive cement components or coarseness of the cement grains, could be another reason for yielding poorly hydrated mortars in the past. In general, Roman cement stuccoes are in an excellent state of preservation in spite of their usual exposure to polluted urban environments for more than a century. Therefore, the coexistence of Roman cement mortars of widely different pore structures has not brought about any problems of incompatibility which field observations could reveal. The Roman cement repair materials have been found to develop pore structures similar to those of historic mortars. Therefore, they are in broad terms compatible with historic masonry or stuccoes. However, the porosity and strength of the repair materials can be controlled by a careful manipulation of the water-to-cement ratio of the mix to adapt them better to the properties of the host material. 相似文献