Reduction of water evaporation in polymerase chain reaction microfluidic devices based on oscillating-flow

Producing polymeric or hybrid microfluidic devices operating at high temperatures with reduced or no water evaporation is a challenge for many on-chip applications including polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We study sample evaporation in polymeric and hybrid devices, realized by glass microchannels for avoiding water diffusion toward the elastomer used for chip fabrication. The method dramatically reduces water evaporation in PCR devices that are found to exhibit optimal stability and effective operation under oscillating-flow. This approach maintains the flexibility, ease of fabrication, and low cost of disposable chips, and can be extended to other high-temperature microfluidic biochemical reactors.     

基于文化视角的信息技术应用研究述评

介绍了近几年国外信息技术研究领域的文化相关主题,指出文化视角是信息技术与信息系统领域未来研究的突破口.在梳理相关文献的基础上,对基于文化视角的信息技术应用研究进行了述评,归纳出文化因素对信息技术应用的三个主要影响方面:可迁移性、接受程度和使用效果.分析了基于文化视角开展相关研究的核心问题,指出未来研究应综合考虑文化的多个层次,从文化认同视角探讨文化对个体应用信息技术产生的影响.     

Lonely or bored: Children’s lived experiences reveal the difference

In spite of the growing body of research on loneliness, the relationship between the phenomena of loneliness and boredom has not been sufficiently addressed, especially in respect to children. The question, “How does the child’s experience of boredom stand phenomenologically in relation to the experience of loneliness?” is explored from a hermeneutic phenomenological perspective. A critical examination of the literature regarding the phenomenology of both loneliness and boredom provides a theoretical background to the study. Elementary school children’s experiential accounts of loneliness and boredom are collected through research conversations. An original interpersonal communication board game is devised and used to initiate these conversations. The themes of loneliness and boredom emerged in a process of phenomenological reflection based on the participants’ lived experiences, the author’s personal experiences, and experiential accounts available in the literature. Distinctions between the two phenomena are derived from the exploration of these themes. Both boredom and loneliness are viewed as important pedagogical ingredients in the formation of the child’s inner self.     

Learning domains and the process of creativity

Creativity is viewed in different ways in different disciplines: in education it is called ‘innovation’, in business it is ‘entrepreneurship’, in mathematics it is often equated with ‘problem solving’, and in music it is ‘performance’ or ‘composition’. A creative product in different domains is measured against the norms of that domain, with its own rules, approaches and conceptions of creativity.     

Teaching critical thinking: an investigation of a task in introductory macroeconomics

This paper is an investigation of understandings of critical thinking from two teaching perspectives: academic staff and tutors. It explores critical thinking as situated within an assessment task in introductory macroeconomics. This study found that while the two academic staff conceptualized critical thinking as a set of concrete cognitive skills, the tutors challenged this notion. Although tutors used the way of understanding critical thinking identified by the academic staff in their teaching and marking, they also discussed broader notions of critical thinking that they saw as a fundamental aspect of the discipline. The paper examines the multiple constructions of critical thinking in this setting and its broader implications.     

论中国气功与印度瑜伽

中国气功和印度瑜伽是养生功法的两种不同表达方式,是一种事物在两个不同地域民族文明中产生和发展的结果.气功有历史悠久的医学传世巨著<黄帝内经>为依据,有完整的中医基础理论指导;而瑜伽的经脉、气轮学说虽与我们的理论有所涉及,但与我们的完整理论体系有相当差异.它们有共性但又有不同之处.因此认为,应用中医基础理论指导瑜伽练习,可提升其科学实用价值和养生保健效果,实现中医学的"治未病"理念.本文对其在方法及内容上的异同进行理论探讨,以期提高民族认同感,使我们更具魅力的中国传统文化大放光彩.     

Spelling consistency affects reading in young Dutch readers with and without dyslexia

Lexical-decision studies with experienced English and French readers have shown that visual-word identification is not only affected by pronunciation inconsistency of a word (i.e., multiple ways to pronounce a spelling body), but also by spelling inconsistency (i.e., multiple ways to spell a pronunciation rime). The aim of this study was to compare the reading behavior of young Dutch readers with dyslexia to the behavior of readers without dyslexia. All students participated in a lexical-decision task in which we presented pronunciation-consistent words and pseudowords. Half of the pronunciation-consistent stimuli were spelling consistent and the other half were spelling inconsistent. All three reader groups, that is, students with dyslexia, age-match students, and reading-match students, read spelling-consistent words faster than spelling-inconsistent words. Overall reading speed of students with dyslexia was similar to that of reading-match students, and was substantially slower than that of age-match students. The results suggest that reading in students with or without dyslexia is similarly affected by spelling inconsistency. Subtle qualitative differences emerged, however, with respect to pseudoword identification. The conclusion was that the findings were best interpreted in terms of a recurrent-feedback model.     

团队激励薪酬的选择及其模式探讨

在现代化大生产形式下,企业不但需要分工,更需要协作。日新月异的环境变化要求组织建立一种更加灵活的、注重横向合作的分权化结构。在高效率、高产出的企业中,团队将成为主要的工作单位,也是企业保持其竞争优势的运作单元。有效管理团队的能力已成为企业的核心竞争力。如何有效地激励团队,提高团队的绩效是企业亟待解决的难题。文章从研究团队出发,分析了团队的优势;在个体激励与团队激励的比较中,总结影响团队激励的因素。做出了不同组织对个体激励和团队激励的选择模型;在此基础上提出团队激励薪酬模式,并对实施前提和实施过程进行阐述和分析;探索性地提出了实施团队激励薪酬模式的相关策略。     

体育专业与非体育专业大学生身体自我的比较

采用身体自我描述问卷（PSDQ）对284名体育专业和241名非体育专业大学生进行调查,对两者身体自我进行比较。结果表明：体育专业学生身体自我明显优于非体育专业学生;体育专业男女生身体自我分别明显优于非体育专业男女生,体育专业与非体育专业男生身体自我分别优于女生;体育专业城镇和乡村生源学生身体自我分别明显优于非体育专业城镇和乡村学生,体育专业与非体育专业乡村学生身体自我分别优于城镇学生。专业和性别的交互作用对身体自我的身体协调和身体活动指标具有显著影响,专业和城乡的交互作用则对身体自我各指标均无显著影响。