经尿道膀胱颈切开治疗女性膀胱颈梗阻

目的:评价经尿道膀胱颈切开治疗女性膀胱颈梗阻的疗效。方法:12例经影像尿动力学和膀胱镜检查诊断为膀胱颈梗阻的女性患者,行经尿道膀胱颈切开术,采用SPSS软件比较术前术后尿动力学参数。结果:12例患者术后平均最大尿流率(Qmax)21±4.7mL/s较术前平均Qmax8.4±3.2mL/s显著增加,平均排尿量305±122mL较术前185±82mL显著增加,平均残尿量16.5±12mL较术前135±121mL显著减少,排尿症状明显改善。结论:经尿道膀胱颈切开治疗女性膀胱颈梗阻疗效显著。     

"丑学"与残雪笔下的人性恶

读残雪的小说,你往往会感觉到一种焦虑,感觉到一种压抑,甚至感觉一种极度的紧张,你还会觉得似乎读不懂,也似乎难以接受.这不仅是因为它没有采用传统的写作手法,淡化或抛弃了情节,放弃了因果关系的描写,也不仅是因为它的意象过于繁密,使人难以理清头绪,而是因为或是它判离我们的传统审美方式太远了,它的丑的铺陈太多了,它所展示的生命的苦痛也太多了,于是我们感觉到了一种困惑、一种颤动.     

Houston Teaching Academy: Partnership in developing teachers

The need for excellent teachers to teach at-risk inner-city children is well documented. Too often new teachers who have received their field experience in the suburbs are hired to teach in multicultural inner-city schools with little preparation to serve this population of children and families. Changing the history of failure for this population of teachers and their students to an experience of success was the primary goal of the partnership between the Houston Independent School District and the University of Houston's College of Education.The structure of the Houston Teaching Academy (HTA) includes four collaborative decision-making councils. Representatives from the school and college serve on each of the councils. Shared weekly seminars for supervising teachers, student teachers, and college supervisors are led by school teachers or college supervisors. Methods courses are taught at the HTA, and the students serve as tutors in the classrooms. Several graduate college courses requested by teachers are offered at the HTA.Concurrent with the development of the HTA, a formative and summative evaluation has monitored the progress of the HTA toward its goals. The HTA graduates have been followed into their first years of teaching. Interviews with their principals indicate that 77% are effectively teaching in inner-city and multicultural settings.     

企业的资本结构、治理结构和融资模式比较

世界各国的金融体系按融资结构的不同通常被分成两种：一种是市场主导型金融体系，另一种是银行主导型金融体系。不完全契约理论认为，融资结构不同，是因为在不同的法律环境中，微观个体所面临的约束条件不同，因此在企业的资本结构和治理结构所作出的融资决策不同。金融中介在一定意义上可以代替法律体系，在脆弱的法律体系中，银行等金融中介会变得更加重要。     

Positive teacher–student relationships go beyond the classroom,problematic ones stay inside

The authors voice teachers' perceptions of their interpersonal experiences with students in both positive and problematic relationships. Interview data from 28 teachers were examined by coding utterances on teacher and student interactions. Results indicate that teachers defined the quality of the relationship mostly by the level of communion (friendly vs. hostile), instead of by the level of agency (in control vs. powerless). Analyses of mentioned teacher and student behavior show a friendly interactional pattern for positive relationships and a hostile pattern for problematic ones. In teachers' perceptions, positive and problematic relationships also differed in context where encounters take place and topic of talk. Contrary to interactions in problematic relationships, encounters in positive relationships were mostly situated outside the classroom context and conversations during these encounters covered a wide range of topics. Implications for teacher education programs are discussed.     

Convergent designs in fine fashion: An evolutionary model for stylistic innovation

In this paper we propose and test an evolutionary model of stylistic innovation, that is the change in the aesthetic and symbolic elements of products and services. Style is an increasingly relevant phenomenon in many industries and our goal is to develop a model of how styles get introduced and adopted. We build on existent literature on technological change to frame the dynamics of how style changes across time. In the model we propose, companies face periods of ferment with relevant stylistic variations and periods of convergence on a single trend—that is the stylistic convergent design versus the technologic dominant design. We identify the drivers of convergence in stylistic innovation. We test the model with a longitudinal empirical study (1984-2002) in the fine fashion industry, explaining the main differences between a stylistic and a technological evolutionary model.     

复杂适应系统理论在管理领域的应用

当前管理模式面临复杂性的挑战,迫切需要实现从简单性向复杂性转变,复杂适应系统(CAS)理论对于解决复杂系统中的各种复杂问题和现象具有重要的指导意义和应用价值。本文简要介绍了CAS理论的基本思想、相关概念和研究问题的方法,就CAS理论在管理领域的应用研究进行了综述,对后续研究中应该注意的问题进行了分析和总结。     

供应链的知识管理系统

知识经济时代供应链企业资源集成的关键是其知识资源的集成。在分析供应链中知识类型和层次结构的基础上,论述了供应链的知识传播和扩散系统,提出了基于Web的供应链核心企业知识管理门户的多层体系结构及供应链知识集成的网络模型。