预算法律制度存在的问题与对策探析——基于公共财政视角

《预算法》作为一国财政领域最为核心的法律,为现代财政制度构建了一个基础性的制度框架。文章以公共财政理论作为我国预算法律制度之基石,以公共预算作为我国预算法律制度发展之目标,着眼于公共财政视野下的预算法,指出预算法对构建社会主义市场经济秩序、制约政府的预算行为与维护纳税人的权益具有重要作用。进而对新预算法中存在的问题进行分析,并基于公共财政视野提出了完善我国预算法律制度的对策。     

大数据时代高校思想政治教育探究

大数据时代在丰富高校思想政治教育数据信息、为高校思想政治教育提供分析素材、提高高校思想政治教育有效预判的同时,也给高校思想政治教育带来数据处理难度增大、西方网络信息霸权冲击及缺乏专业技术人才支撑等问题。为此,高校思想政治教育工作者须强化数据意识,创新数据传播方式,转变研究范式,以适应时代发展的要求。     

高校研究生青年导师职业性权利救济探究

列举了高校研究生青年导师的职业性权利现状,分析其权利受侵原因,指出了加强对研究生青年导师人文关怀和权利救济的途径。     

金融发展对城镇就业的影响——基于中国省际面板数据的实证研究

城镇就业问题是城镇化能否顺利推进的关键问题。通过理论与实证分析表明,金融发展对城镇就业具有十分显著的影响。金融规模的扩大能直接拉动城镇就业,能促进城镇企业发展间接拉动城镇就业,并能通过教育和培训融资提高劳动力素质解决结构性失业。值得注意的是,实证分析发现,金融系统中存贷款比率上升对城镇就业具有负向的影响,表明金融系统效率提高可能带来的金融风险会对城镇就业产生不利的影响,应加强金融风险的防范和管理。     

Development of Category‐Based Induction and Semantic Knowledge

Category‐based induction is a hallmark of mature cognition; however, little is known about its origins. This study evaluated the hypothesis that category‐based induction is related to semantic development. Computational studies suggest that early on there is little differentiation among concepts, but learning and development lead to increased differentiation based on taxonomic relatedness. This study reports findings from a new task aimed to (a) examine this putative increase in semantic differentiation and (b) test whether individual differences in semantic differentiation are related to category‐based induction in 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children (N = 85). The results provide the first empirical evidence of an age‐related increase in differentiation of representations of animal concepts and suggest that category‐based induction is related to increased semantic differentiation.     

Effects of Mexican Immigrant Parents’ Daily Workplace Discrimination on Child Behavior and Family Functioning

This study investigated Mexican immigrant parents’ reports of perceived workplace discrimination and their children's behavior, parents’ moods, and parent–child interactions. Parents of one hundred and thirty‐eight 3‐ to 5‐year‐old children were asked to complete one survey daily for 2 weeks (N = 1,592 days). On days when fathers perceived discrimination, fathers and mothers reported more externalizing child behaviors, and mothers reported fewer positive child behaviors. When mothers perceived discrimination, they reported more externalizing child behaviors; fathers reported more internalizing child behaviors. Parents reported worse mood on days with perceived discrimination. Perceived discrimination was not strongly related to parent–child interactions. For fathers, but less so for mothers, those whose psychological acculturation indicated separation had more negative relations between daily perceived workplace discrimination and child and family outcomes.     

An Empirical Comparison of DDF Detection Methods for Understanding the Causes of DIF in Multiple-Choice Items

This study compared and illustrated four differential distractor functioning (DDF) detection methods for analyzing multiple-choice items. The log-linear approach, two item response theory-model-based approaches with likelihood ratio tests, and the odds ratio approach were compared to examine the congruence among the four DDF detection methods. Data from a college-level mathematics placement test were analyzed to understand the causes of differential functioning. Results indicated some agreement among the four detection methods. To facilitate practical interpretation of the DDF results, several possible effect size measures were also obtained and compared.     

海南省旅游收入与经济增长关系的实证分析

选取海南省1987-2013年地区生产总值和旅游收入的时间序列数据,采用相关分析、回归分析、格兰杰因果检验、脉冲响应和方差分解等计量经济学方法,对海南省旅游收入与经济增长的关系进行了实证分析。结果表明:经济增长与旅游发展之间高度相关、相互促进,存在显著格兰杰双向因果关系,而且旅游收入对经济发展的提升具有正向贡献,对经济增长的冲击具有持久性。     

Criticism and Assessment Applied to New Media Art

Developing new criteria with which to assess work in new media arts.     

Autistic young people’s experiences of transitioning to adulthood following the Children and Families Act 2014

Changes to special educational needs and disability (SEND) legislation in England were implemented in 2014. Here, we evaluate the impact of these changes from the perspective of 80 autistic young people aged 16–25 years. Using an online survey and/or interviews, we examined young people’s views on three key principles of the SEND reforms: the help and support provided to them; whether they were given a say in the choices and support that they were offered; and their satisfaction with their educational journeys and outcomes. The results paint a mixed picture. Our sample of young people reported varied experiences regarding the help and support they received, and how much of a say they had regarding the choices and support available to them. The types of schooling they accessed played a role here: young people in mainstream schools highlighted particular challenges in accessing appropriate support, while many young people in special schools said they felt well supported. Parental advocacy was crucial for all young people, as was having key ‘champions’ in the form of teachers who really knew them well. The need for the development of general life and self-advocacy skills was apparent, however, especially in preparing the young people for life after school. Encouragingly, most of our participants were generally happy with their current situation, despite identifying several areas for further improvement. Overall, the results highlight the importance of listening to—and learning from—autistic young people, throughout their educational journeys and especially as they transition to adulthood.