Sense of extension force and angle of the knee joint are correlated between two generations of men

Numerous motor abilities depend on the activity of proprioceptors, which has been suggested to be genetically determined. To test this hypothesis, the control of torque generated by knee extensors and knee position was studied in 30 father–son pairs both before and immediately after running. After stabilisation of the participant in a sitting position, the knee joint of his dominant leg was flexed to 90°, and the maximal voluntary torque (MVT) of the dominant knee extensors under static conditions was measured. The participant then tried five times to produce 50% of the MVT. Next, the participant extended the knee to 45° five times without visual control. Significant correlations between the reproducibility of successive trials for groups of fathers and their sons were found. The correlation coefficients for the repeatability of the knee extension torque were 0.69 (confidence interval [CI] = 0.45–0.84; P < 0.01) and 0.75 (CI = 0.54–0.87; P < 0.01) before and after the fatiguing exercise, respectively, whereas the coefficient for the reproducibility of positioning the knee was 0.49 (CI = 0.16–0.72; P < 0.01) after the fatiguing exercise. Our results indicate a significant influence of hereditary factors on the control of limb torque and position.     

ActivPAL™ determined sedentary behaviour,physical activity and academic achievement in college students

The aim of this study was to examine relationships between activPAL?-determined sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) with academic achievement. A total of 120 undergraduates (N = 57 female; 20.6 ± 2.3 years) participated in the study. Academic achievement was measured as the grade point average obtained from all completed courses. Participants wore on the right tight an activPAL? for 7 days to determine total sedentary time, total number of sedentary breaks, sedentary bouts, standing time, light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Separate multiple linear regression models were performed to examine associations between SB variables and academic achievement. Light PA, MVPA, total sedentary time, total standing time, or total number of sedentary breaks were not related to academic achievement. Independently of PA, the amount of time spent in sedentary bouts of 10-20min during weekdays was positively related to academic achievement. Given that college students spend the majority of their workday in environments that encourage prolonged sitting, these data suggest that interruptions in prolonged periods of sitting time every 10-20min via short breaks may optimize cognitive operations associated with academic performance.     

从意象图式解析诗经中的隐喻

《诗经》是我国第一部诗歌总集,其语言优美意象丰富,其中更包含大量的隐喻。意象图式是隐喻的认知基础,是人类经验中将抽象关系与具体意象相结合的组织结构。因此本文将从认知语言学中的意象图式理论对《诗经》中的一些隐喻进行分析。     

优秀田径运动员心率变异性分析

目的:分析优秀田径运动员心率变异性(HRV)特征,为HRV在运动员选材、机能评定等应用提供理论依据。方法:选取江苏省专业运动队优秀田径运动员和普通健康人各25名进行连续5min心电图时域和频域记录获得HRV指标,以普通健康人为对照分析优秀田径运动员HRV特征。结果:(1)女运动员VLF低于男运动员(P<0.05),其余指标无性别差异。(2)优秀田径运动员SDNN、RMSSD、PNN50、TP、HF、VLF均高于普通健康人(P<0.05或P<0.01);LF、LF/HF二者无差异(P>0.05)。结论:(1)优秀田径运动员自主神经活性和迷走神经的紧张性没有性别差异,安静时男性运动员拥有较高的交感神经张力。(2)优秀田径运动员安静时比普通健康人拥有更强的心脏自主神经活性、更高的迷走神经紧张性和交感神经兴奋性,迷走和交感神经均衡性无差异。     

武术礼仪开展的重要性刍议

由于武术发展传播的困境,武术礼仪在整个武术体系中被忽略,在讲究更注重人的发展的时代下有必要重新认识武术礼仪开展的重要性。文章认为开展武术礼仪是实现文化自觉的需要,是展现武术文化软实力的需要,是找回原有谦逊的民族性格的需要。     

CUBA男子篮球运动员身体素质测试结果分析

运用问卷调查、定量测试等方法,对8支CUBA男子篮球运动员各项身体素质指标进行了测试。发现后卫、前锋、中锋不同位置队员在速度、柔韧和下肢力量的差异不具有显著性意义;仰卧起坐、弹跳和速度耐力三项中,三种位置队员间的差异都具有非常显著性意义;灵敏素质、一般耐力素质方面,各位置队员问的差异都具有显著性意义。     

优秀散打运动员专项心理能力构成因素研究

以散打运动项目特征为切入点,在对陕西省散打队进行访谈、调查的基础上,运用心理测量方法对散打运动员专项心理能力的构成因素进行分析研究。结果表明,构成散打运动员专项心理能力的指标是认知能力、注意能力、自我控制能力。     

基于矩阵扩展方法的多速率线性离散码设计

在采用空时码的无线通信系统中,收发2端较差的路径会降低系统的性能.提出了多速率线性离散码(LDC),并对其进行了分析,给出了一种基于矩阵扩展方法的设计算法.多速率LDC是传统LDC和LDC-TAS的BER性能的折中.进而提出了一种性能优于传统LDC-A-TAS算法的多速率LDC自适应发送天线选择(A-TAS)算法.     

村落权威研究综述

村落权威在村落中的积极行为以及沟通村落内外的中介作用,使它吸引了众多国内外学者的注意,纵观国内外研究,村落权威研究经历了从静止的共时研究转向动态的过程研究,由外在的结构—功能研究向行为者内在行为观念研究的转向,同时村落权威研究也呈现出研究方式相互渗透,相互影响的发展趋势。