Die Transferproblematik im Kontext von Modellversuchen und Modellversuchsprogrammen

In this article the results of transfer research, which were acquired in the context of pilot programs, will be presented. The problem of transfer gained special attention in relation to pilot projects during the late 1980s and was one of the major reasons for a change of focus from financing pilot projects to financing pilot programs. However, in research the transfer problem has not as yet gained the attention it deserves. Reliable conclusions on the effects of the great variety of available transfer concepts are rare. The selected results of the transfer program “Transfer 21” that are presented in this article, however, exemplify some positive effects.     

Between the estate and the state: struggling to be a ‘good’ mother

The paper draws on an ESRC‐funded study of 70 families in two London locations. It focuses on a set of contemporary and contradictory political discourses that work on and through the lives of working‐class mothers and thereby create tensions and impossibilities within their lives. We illustrate the ways in which these women are positioned by and within these discourses in ways that leave them vulnerable to political and media criticisms.     

Integrating best evidence into patient care: a process facilitated by a seamless integration with informatics tools

The Vanderbilt University paper discusses how the Eskind Biomedical Library at Vanderbilt University Medical Center transitioned from a simplistic approach that linked resources to the institutional electronic medical record system, StarPanel, to a value-added service that is designed to deliver highly relevant information. Clinical teams formulate complex patient-specific questions via an evidence-based medicine literature request basket linked to individual patient records. The paper transitions into discussing how the StarPanel approach acted as a springboard for two additional projects that use highly trained knowledge management librarians with informatics expertise to integrate evidence into both order sets and a patient portal, tlibrednaV@htlaeHyM.The Vanderbilt University Eskind Biomedical Library (EBL) has a long history of integrating evidence into clinical teams. More recently it has adapted this expertise into a more scalable approach that allows the integration of evidence into existing medical informatics tools. This paper discusses the institution''s experiences in integrating librarian-filtered evidence into informatics tools and processes, using several examples to illustrate how its knowledge management (KM) team has proactively embedded evidence provision services into the clinical care environment.     

The Libraries They Are A-Changin': How Libraries Reorganize

This article will report on the results of a study of library reorganizations in the literature. The authors identified five steps common to all library reorganizations, and this article describes those steps as well as two management change theories most mentioned in the literature—the eight-step process of change by John Kotter and Reframing Organizations by Lee G. Bolman and Terrence E. Deal. The article will draw conclusions formed by a comparison of these theoretical models to the practice and real-life experience of reorganizations as described by libraries in the literature.     

What Qualifications and Skills are Important for Digital Librarian Positions in Academic Libraries? A Job Advertisement Analysis

As academic library functions and activities continue to evolve, libraries have broadened the traditional library model, which focuses on management of physical resources and activities, to include a digital library model, transforming resources and services into digital formats to support teaching, learning, and research. This transition has affected professionals' roles and activities due to new required skills. This study examines qualifications and skills required of professional positions involved in digital resources, services, and technologies as changing aspects in academic libraries. Data was collected from job advertisements for digital library positions posted in College and Research Libraries News during the nine years from 1999 to 2007. The study verifies shifts in staffing needs and required qualifications with digital focus on collections, services, and technology applications in academic libraries. The results confirm that a digital librarian is an emerging position in academic libraries. LIS educational implications and further investigations to validate the results are suggested.     

‘Discipline Your Ladies … So They Become Independent’: A Discourse on the Beginnings of Women’s Skiing in the Black Forest,Germany

Abstract

The Black Forest is considered to be the cradle of skiing in Germany. In 2016, the 125th anniversary of the beginning of skiing in the Black Forest is being celebrated. Over the decades, skiing developed into a very popular sport for men and women in Germany and spread to the Alps. Presently, the German Ski Federation (Deutscher Skiverband, DSV) has over 500,000 members, about 40% being women. This paper will concentrate on the first decades of women’s skiing in the Black Forest until the First World War. To present a wider picture, in some sections, it will be necessary to relate to other parts of Germany. A special focus will be put on competitive skiing, skiing as a social event and the discourse about women’s ski clothes.     

Las restricciones del conocimiento notacional

Resumen

Sólo los seres humanos utilizan herramientas para dejar trazas permanentes de sus actos comunicativos. Esta capacidad notacional se manifiesta en distintos sistemas notacionales: dibujo, escritura o notación numérica que se distinguen entre sí por sus elementos, por sus regularidades combinatorias y por cumplir distintas funciones. En este trabajo exploramos cómo comprenden los niños entre 3:8 y 6:6 años de edad las relaciones entre sistemas utilizando dos situaciones de producción de notaciones. En la primera los niños debían escribir qué y cuántos objetos aparecen dibujados en una serie de tarjetas. El objeto de esta situación fue verificar sus posibilidades de producir notaciones diferenciadas según las restricciones formales y adecuadas a las funciones específicas de cada sistema. En la segunda, los niños debían inventar letras, números y palabras que no existen. El propósito fue averiguar en qué medida las restricciones formales y la adecuación funcional que hubieran demostrado en la primera situación estaban implícitas en sus procedimientos de producción o podían ser internamente explicitadas, y por tanto transgredidas. Los resultados demuestran que desde muy temprana edad los niños producen notaciones diferenciadas según las restricciones formales propias de la escritura y del sistema de notación numérico. Sin embargo, la diferenciación formal no asegura el uso adecuado de las notaciones para sus funciones específicas. A pesar del conocimiento de las restricciones formales de cada sistema, algunos niños recurren al dibujo para indicar qué objetos hay en una figura o a la escritura para indicar cuántos objetos hay. Sólo cuando el conocimiento de las restricciones formales que estaba implícito en los procedimientos de producción se explicita internamente, y puede por tanto ser transgredido, el niño utiliza cada sistema según su función específica.     

Reading in the Gaps and Lacks: (De)Constructing Masculinity in Louis Sachar’s Holes

Louis Sachar’s novel Holes (US, 1998; UK, 2000) has received much praise from both critics and child readers, who love the complex tall tale he has woven about two boys whose lives are connected by fate and an almost magical legacy of ancestral curses and obligations. Because the novel is not (on many levels) realistic, and relies heavily on folk tale motifs, fantastically exaggerated characters and situations, and surreal imagery, the boys, and the fictional world surrounding them, are constructed in less “politically correct” ways than fans of the book might initially recognize, or even want to admit. While Holes may, on the surface, appear to champion a kinder and gentler version of masculinity, on the level of the subconscious, it portrays a more visceral, more Oedipal version of boyhood attempting to distance itself from its mother (or (m)Other) and all things feminine. In the process of its narrative, Holes, as a text, often treats feminine traits, symbols, and characters as frightening, disgusting, or excessive aspects – like the gaping holes in the landscape or the cruel Warden – that need to be filled in, covered over, silenced, or expelled. Annette Wannamaker is an Assistant Professor of Children’s Literature in the Department of English Language and Literature at Eastern Michigan University. She has published articles about children’s literature, drama, and gender, and is working on a book length study of portrayals of masculinity in children’s texts. Sachar, Holes.     

Aging in community: home- and community-based services clients’ use of computers as a protective factor for social isolation and loneliness

ABSTRACT

Frail older adults are increasingly being cared for in the community via home- and community-based service (HCBS) programs rather than nursing homes. This policy change challenges psychologists, social workers, and all geriatric practitioners to identify risk and protective factors in order to implement community-based policies in ways which promote the well-being of frail older adults.

The present small-scale exploratory study focused on the risk factors of social isolation and loneliness, and the potential of computer use to act as a protective factor. Forty HCBS clients were interviewed about their social convoys, social isolation, and loneliness, and their use of computers. Family members made up the largest percentage of participants’ social convoys (48%). Forty-two percent of participants were found to be socially isolated or at high risk for social isolation. Twenty-five percent of participants used computers and these participants experienced significantly less loneliness and had significantly larger social convoys. All participants were shown a 2.5 -minute video demonstrating a computer programmed to accommodate older adults and 80% expressed interest in using such a program.

Future action research projects are suggested to replicate the study’s findings. Such projects could involve collaboration between gerontologists and local area agencies on aging and “service-enriched” affordable senior housing sites.