Predicting a taxonomy of organisational effectiveness in U.K. higher educational institutions

Major developments in organisational theory have witnessed the emergence of several models of organisational effectiveness (OE) and change (Keeley 1978; Hannan & Freeman 1977; Miles & Cameron 1982). The integrative competing values framework suggests organisations adopt uniquely effective approaches reflecting their needs at different stages in their life cycle by addressing varying degrees of emphasis on systems resource, human relations, internal process, and rational goal orientations (Cameron & Whetten 1981; Quinn & Rohrbaugh 1983; Quinn & Cameron 1983). This coincided with, and complemented, the growing recognition of the importance of developing systematic means for organisational speciation (McKelvey 1975, 1982; Muchinsky & Morrow 1980) and using the resulting taxonomies emerging from these studies to underpin theory building and further research.The ongoing challenge of this era is, therefore, to continue to test and extend construct space and explore organisational typologies in line with these theoretical and empirical developments in order to provide practical utility for decision makers. Indeed, this was the impetus for large scale OE research programs involving higher educational institutions in both Australia and the U.K.This paper first briefly reviews highlights of the developments emerging from the Australian programs over a number of years. Framed in this context, the paper then summarises the study program in the U.K. aimed at further cross-cultural exploration of OE dimensions. Of particular interest was their usefulness in predicting and fleshing out a taxonomy of U.K. higher educational institutions, namely classical (red brick) universities, former polytechnics and colleges of advanced technology, and 60's greenfield universities.The results reinforced life cycle and resource dependency theory underpinning the competing values framework based explanations for inherent and systematic differences between these archetypes (Quinn & Rohrbaugh 1983; Lysons 1993). However, further research directions are also suggested.     

苏童及其作品点击

苏童作为先锋派作家的代表之一,其创作有着独特的魅力.他善于以旧说新,善于描写女性形象,积极实践着先锋的创作理念.自多部作品被改编成电影或电视剧后,苏童的书籍更加畅销,其读者群也不断增加.通过点击苏童及其作品,感受苏童作品的美丽.     

法国超实现主义电影与中国超现实电影的比较分析

比较法国超现实主义电影与中国超现实电影在题材、功能与发展史上的差异，探索它们不同的理论背景、电影艺术传统与受众欣赏定势，以及中国电影多重功能相杂糅的特点。     

A survey of intrafamilial sexual abuse treatment centers: Implications for intervention

This study was devised to determine the attitudes of treatment professionals regarding desirable therapeutic approaches for intervening in incestuous family systems. A survey of treatment centers currently providing services for the treatment of intrafamilial sexual abuse in the United States was undertaken. A questionnaire was developed to ascertain preferred methods and modalities of treatment of family sexual abuse. Current methods of treatment were identified and inquiries were made regarding what programs presently offer in terms of treatment. An inventory of 30 questions was mailed to 58 treatment professionals and/or treatment programs included in the study. A response rate of 62% was achieved. Treatment centers primarily offered treatment for family sexual abuse on an outpatient basis and staff composition was interdisciplinary in nature (psychology, nursing, marriage and family therapy, social work and psychiatry). An average of 137 cases of family sexual abuse were treated annually per treatment program, with the daughter or the stepdaughter being the family member most often sexually abused. Further findings were the following: (1) treatment programs stressed group treatment for offenders as the most effective therapeutic intervention, yet group treatment of offenders was not offered by treatment programs as frequently as other types of treatment; (2) an interdisciplinary team approach to treatment of incest cases was preferred, suggesting the need for more than one therapist working with each family sexual abuse case: (3) court intervention was seen as necessary to facilitating the treatment process by 79% of the 36 questionnaires returned; (4) family therapy was expressed as a preferred and essential component to the treatment process with incest cases—yet actual implementation of family therapy treatment was clearly not uniform across treatment programs; (5) the most critical finding of this survey is that there was a consensus among clinicians that there is no one sequence of treatment, and that it varies according to the specifics of each family. Regardless of theoretical orientation, the majority of respondents believe that a comprehensive family systems approach is advantageous to the goal of determining whether the family can and wants to rehabilitate itself.     

Historical and Pedagogical Perspectives on Entertainment,Popularization and Learning in Science

This is an introduction to the following papers of a conference: From Itinerant Lecturers of the 18th Century to Popularizing Science for the 21st Century.     

The relationship between tertiary-level students’ self-perceived presentation delivery and public speaking anxiety: A mixed-methods study

Abstract

Oral presentations are common in higher education worldwide. There is no shortage of evidence substantiating the association between oral presentations and anxiety. In the light of the close connection between self-perception and anxiety, and the under-researched nature of the delivery aspect of presentations (e.g. use of voice and body language), this study explored the relationship between tertiary-level learners’ (n?=?211) perceived delivery competence (23 areas) and their levels of public speaking anxiety. The data were collected via questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire results revealed highly significant correlations between anxiety and 22 of these areas. The 23 areas overall also had a highly significant predictive power for anxiety levels, indicated by their explaining 45% of the variance. Follow-up in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants to shed light on these quantitative findings. This article ends with an argument for greater emphasis on presentation delivery skills in higher education, which can potentially mitigate learners’ public speaking anxiety.     

中国民间文艺学史上的流派问题(上)

在回顾和梳理20世纪中国民间文艺学史时，遇到的第一个问题是：是否存在着流派，存在着或存在过什么样的流派。笔者认为，1949年前的20世纪前期民间文艺学史上，不仅存在着流派，而且存在着不同的流派，在理论、观念、方法上，形成多元格局。这些流派是：北大歌谣研究会派、“古史辨”派神话学、文学人类学派、俗文学派、社会一民族学派、延安学派和民俗学派。它们以一定的社会文化环境为依存和发展的条件，分别有自己的代表人物、理论纲领和代表作。流派的存在和多元格局既促进了中国民间文艺学的本土化发展，又显示了中国民间文艺学的边缘性、跨学科性和不成熟性。     

戏剧的新路——谈谈音乐剧的民族化问题

国外音乐剧的火爆,使国内戏剧界一些人认为找到了一条振兴我国戏剧事业的新路。然而事与愿违,我国的原创音乐剧在红火一阵后也滑坡了。原因何在?音乐剧应该走与戏曲相结合的道路,重视民族化和本土化。     

戏剧的新路--谈谈音乐剧的民族化问题

国外音乐剧的火爆，使国内戏剧界一些人认为找到了一条振兴我国戏剧事业的新路。然而事与愿违，我国的原创音乐剧在红火一阵后也滑坡了。原因何在？音乐剧应该走与戏曲相结合的道路，重视民族化和本土化。     

An application of Jones and James' perceived climate questionnaire in Australian higher educational institutions

Attempts to explore the role of organisational climate in organisational effectiveness have been hampered by inadequacies in existing climate measures (e.g. Cameron, 1978a, 1978b). This paper describes the application of Jones & James (1979) perceived climate measures on a sample of senior level Australian academics. Six climate factors were identified: organisational conflict and ambiguity; two leadership components (facilitation and supportiveness; directiveness); work group cooperation in policy committees and immediate workgroups; and organisational and professional esprit. The data reduction procedures used produced results which strongly confirmed Jones and James findings but involved only approximately one-third of their variables. This represents a more efficient measurement approach and furthers the opportunity for understanding and management of climates in effective organisational outcomes. Implications for future studies of senior managerial perceptions of climate are discussed.