文化同化的失败与多元文化的兴起——美国多元文化教育运动分析

美国的多元化教育运动源于六七十年代的民权运动，它是一场自发的、民间的、全国性的教育改革运动，其目的在于为黑人、亚裔美国人、美国土人、西班牙语系移民及白人中未被体现或未被充分体现的群体争取平等教育的权利，进而争取社会上享有平等的权利。原来的民权运动主要是以主流化的价值观来为非主流化的群体争取平等权利，而多元化教育运动则试图在化教育中体现非主流化群体的价值观。以争取形成一种新的美国化。这场运动已经取得了很大进展，但距离其目标还很远。     

Teacher Leadership: towards a research agenda

This article explores the emerging discourse about teacher leadership in the UK. It draws upon the international literature in exploring a classification of forms of teacher leadership and discusses issues concerned with the policy context. It considers some theoretical perspectives on distributed leadership before going on to examine in detail a possible framework of factors affecting teachers' capacity to exercise leadership. Finally it puts forward a proposal for research.     

Does Every Child Know They Matter? Pupils' Views of One Alternative to Exclusion

Schools are now urged to make every child matter. In this paper we present the case of the Coalfields Alternatives to Exclusion (CATE) strategy in which pupils at risk of permanent exclusion are offered the opportunity to start afresh in a new school. Without the stigma of exclusion, pupils are able to develop new relationships with peers and teachers and enhance self-esteem. We argue that this system of managed moves, despite some difficulties and challenges, offers an insight into the ways in which feelings of mattering can be translated into new behaviours and intentions. This we suggest provides pupils with a positive opportunity to resume their education and to be genuinely included in the life of their new school.     

AGREEMENT AMONG NCME MEMBERS ON SELECTED ISSUES IN EDUCATIONAL MEASUREMENT

This study surveyed 145 NCME members to determine the extent of their agreement on 40 controversial issues in educational measurement. Two types of agreement were obtained for each issue. First, the degree of agreement with the issues as presented. Second, the degree of agreement among the group of respondents. The percent of respondents choosing each of three responses to each issue, and a mean, variance, and "consensus" score for each issue were computed. The mean scores indicated the degree to which the respondents agreed with the issues. They varied from + .91 to - .71, when + 1 would indicate maximum agreement with an issue, and - 1 maximum disagreement. The "consensus" scores varied from .90 to .15, and had a mean of .40 where 1 would indicate maximum agreement among the group, and 0 maximum disagreement.     

Personal Growth of Counselor Trainees

This study compared the level of self-actualization of beginning and advanced students in a master's program in counselor education using the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI). The advanced students scored significantly higher than the beginning students on two POI Scales, Feeling Reactivity and Acceptance of Aggression. The beginning students were more like a sample of normal adults than a sample of self-actualizing persons; however, the advanced students were more like the self-actualizing group.