知识吸收机制对知识增长绩效的影响研究

[目的/意义] 从知识主体吸收知识的认知视角出发,研究科研创新网络中知识动态增长的演化规律以及影响机制,引入复杂网络理论,构建基于科研创新网络的知识增长过程模型。[方法/过程] 考虑科研创新网络中知识主体获取知识的空间结构和认知特征,基于对数透视法则将网络中实际的知识物理分布转换为知识主体自身的认知空间;在分析知识吸收过程中相关影响因素的基础上,深入理解知识动态增长的流动模式构建知识增长函数,并从效率和公平相匹配角度界定知识增长的绩效。[结果/结论] 科研创新网络中的知识增长绩效受网络结构随机化程度的影响呈现先下降后上升的趋势;知识主体具备适度的知识传播能力和吸收能力才能实现网络中最优的知识累积效应;主体获取知识的认知过程受对数法则的约束,且随着其认知半径的增大,网络的知识增长绩效越高。     

Stress-Testing Europe: Normalizing the Post-Fukushima Crisis

The Fukushima accident was a crisis in Japan, and a crisis elsewhere. In Europe, the aftermath of Fukushima was a period of intense questioning, about how to ensure the safety of nuclear reactors, and how, at the same time, ensure the ability of the European Union to act as a consistent political actor in the face of potentially catastrophic risks. Using empirical material related to the post-Fukushima stress tests and the subsequent discussions about the European regulatory framework for nuclear safety, this paper shows that stress tests have provided a peculiar form of European intervention, restabilizing regulatory boundaries while extending the European gaze. It describes the overall operation thereby performed as the “normalization of the crisis” whereby the exceptional situation enters the realm of the normal functioning of the public administrations, and where the actions undertaken take the form of the legal norm.

     

超验主义与美国环境史兴起

超验主义自然思想以全新的视角认识和看待自然,认为自然是一个整体,具有生命、神性和价值,从而要求人发挥直觉和主动性,回归自然,融入自然,实现人与自然的和谐相处;由爱默生首倡的超验主义自然思想,经过梭罗、缪尔的继承与发展,逐渐从思想层面步入实践中,引发多次环境保护运动,直接推动了20世纪70年代美国环境史的兴起;超验主义为美国环境史的兴起提供思想渊源和社会基础,引领环境史早期的研究内容,启迪环境史研究的批判性思维;美国环境史舍弃超验主义神学自然观部分,继承其批判性思维及人与自然的思考,这一过程又反过来推动了美国环境史的发展.     

咏叹伟大首都 弘扬中外文明——首都博物馆礼赞

2005年12月16日,首都博物馆新馆试运行。从此,北京西长安街复兴门外延长线上矗立起一座气势恢弘、引人注目的文化殿堂。她凭借得天独厚的地缘优势,依靠精彩的展陈、丰富的内涵、完善的设施、先进。的技术、科学的管理和周到的服务,成为北京历史与文化的荟萃之地,成为全国人民以及海外朋友熟悉北京、了解中国、展望世界的瑰丽窗口。     

社交媒体群体性信息交流过程中表情符号使用差异与语义研究——以微信群为例

[目的/意义]表情符号是当下社交媒体信息交流中的重要元素,对其使用差异及不同语境下表情语义进行研究对非正式信息交流研究具有一定意义。[方法/过程]本文以微信群实际会话数据为数据来源,设计表情符号提取器获得微信群会话样本中表情符号使用数据,据此对用户信息交流中表情符号使用行为进行研究,重点关注不同类型微信群以及不同年龄阶段的微信用户表情符号的使用差异、表情符号在不同语境下的语义及使用规律等内容。[结果/结论]研究发现：在微信群信息交流过程中,不同类型微信群的消息类型结构存在较大差异;不同类型及不同年龄人群的表情符号使用行为存在较大差异;表情符号在不同的对话样本下呈现出不同的语义;微信群中表情符号的使用符合幂律分布规律,等等。     

Development and validation of perceptions of online interaction scale

The aim of this study was to develop a measurement instrument which is compatible with literature, of which validity and reliability are proved with the aim of determining interaction perceived by learners in online learning environments. Accordingly, literature review was made, and outline form of the scale was formed with item pool by taking 14 expert opinions. As a result of exploratory factor analysis of data obtained from participation of 177 learners from eight different universities, it was seen that the scale consisted of 30 items and 3 dimensions. These dimensions are learner–content interaction, learner–instructor interaction and learner–learner interaction. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of the whole scale was .95. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that fit indexes of the structure provided a good and acceptable fit. Based on these findings, Perceptions of Online Interaction Scale is a valid and reliable tool that may be used in measuring interaction occurring in online learning environments.     

近十年来我国中小学生辍学研究综述

近年来学者们对辍学问题越来越关注,原因研究、控辍对策研究、辍学现状研究等方面,究视野中缺乏对我国广大牧区辍学问题的研究。也取得了很多研究成果。主要集中于辍学在研究方法上主要采用的是定量研究,研究视野中缺乏对我国广大牧区辍学问题的研究。     

Rabbit-related Traditions of the Miao People

<正>The Miao ethnic group has large population who is widely distributedin southwest China. Over the sweep of history, the Miao people have frequently migrated f...     

我国利率市场化对商业银行的影响分析

利率市场化改革是一国金融业发展到一定程度的客观需要和必然结果,也是一国经济体制改革中的核心问题.随着我国利率市场化进程的推进和深入,我国商业银行面临利率市场化带来的严重冲击和巨大挑战.与大型国有银行相比,中小银行存在资产规模小、传统业务竞争力弱、中间业务发展相对落后、资金内部转移定价能力差以及利率风险管理能力弱等突出问题,实施利率市场化后,中小银行明显处于弱势群体地位,受到的冲击将会更大,这不仅表现在净利差的收窄,更表现于来自大型银行的竞争和挤压.利率市场化后,伴随着优质企业议价能力的提高,传统信贷业务方面同业竞争将更为残酷.为此,中小银行不仅需要通过提高自身的经营能力和管理水平以实现业务结构调整和多元化经营来应对挑战,更需要充分利用自身区域特征以及业务审批速度快等比较优势,基于中小企业融资需求“急、少、短、频”的特征,在中小企业融资过程中,充分发挥中小银行在信息搜寻、贷款谈判以及贷款后对中小企业的监督成本等方面的供给优势,积极拓展中小企业融资业务,改善中小企业融资环境,实现共赢.这将是中小银行应对利率市场化挑战的有效途径.     

Citizenship education in Turkey: inclusive or exclusive

This paper scrutinises citizenship education in Turkey from the foundation of the Turkish Republic (1923) to the present and explores the extent to which it encourages inclusive or exclusive concepts of national identity and citizenship. In Turkey, where there are citizens belonging to ethnic and religious minorities, civic education plays a prominent role for promoting tolerance among citizens. Using framing questions from phase one of the International Association for the Educational Achievement’s (IEA) research of Civic Education Across Countries, the civic education textbooks of Turkey are examined to determine the extent to which they promote democracy and human rights, make positive references to ethnic and religious minorities, and promote social cohesion. As Turkey was not included in phase one of the IEA study, the paper provides original information for comparative studies, reconsideration of citizenship education in multicultural societies and promoting an active national citizenry in Turkey.