Intent-based diversification of web search results: metrics and algorithms

We study the problem of web search result diversification in the case where intent based relevance scores are available. A diversified search result will hopefully satisfy the information need of user-L.s who may have different intents. In this context, we first analyze the properties of an intent-based metric, ERR-IA, to measure relevance and diversity altogether. We argue that this is a better metric than some previously proposed intent aware metrics and show that it has a better correlation with abandonment rate. We then propose an algorithm to rerank web search results based on optimizing an objective function corresponding to this metric and evaluate it on shopping related queries.     

Managing the Progressive Publishing Company During Market and Technology Transitions

As new media technologies and platforms emerge and take hold in our society, traditional publishers are wondering: What’s in this new content climate for me? The simple answer is: a lot. The digital world, mobile content delivery mechanisms and the public’s increasing comfort—even preference for—a media menu from which they can pick and choose what they want and how they want to receive it, brings exciting and potentially lucrative opportunities. For publishers who understand how to leverage their brand and create authentic, identifiable value in the eyes of the customer, risk can be reduced and new revenue streams built. Here are four best practices to position your publishing company for growth.     

Popular E-Content at The New York Public Library: Successes and Challenges

Updated from a presentation given at Biblionext.it in Rome in April 2011, this article will highlight The New York Public Library’s success with e-books and other forms of popular e-content and our efforts to stay one step ahead of the consumer shift from print reading to e-reading. Consumer e-reading is dominated by Amazon.com in the US, followed by one of the largest chain bookstores, BarnesandNoble.com. The availability of digital versions of very popular titles, coupled with the explosion of e-readers, tablets, and smartphones that are priced competitively and fairly easy to use, are helping move a lot of Americans into the e-book world. Last month, Amazon.com announced they sold more e-books than physical books for the first time ever. Print books are not going away, but our experience is that it is clear e-books are no longer just an extra format to offer, they are integral to our future.     

石化工程项目可持续发展综合评价

为全面、客观、公正的评价石化工程项目可持续发展能力,促进可持续发展战略的实施,在投资决策阶段,提出了石化工程项目可持续发展的内涵,并从社会、经济、生态、管理等四个方面构建了评价指标体系。在对现有可持续发展评价方法分析的基础上,提出了一种新的基于可拓理论的可持续发展评价方法,给出了石化工程项目可持续发展可拓综合评价的计算方法,并将该方法应用于实际石化工程。结果表明该方法具有一定的理论价值和实践可操作性。     

Is there an ethics of algorithms?

We argue that some algorithms are value-laden, and that two or more persons who accept different value-judgments may have a rational reason to design such algorithms differently. We exemplify our claim by discussing a set of algorithms used in medical image analysis: In these algorithms it is often necessary to set certain thresholds for whether e.g. a cell should count as diseased or not, and the chosen threshold will partly depend on the software designer’s preference between avoiding false positives and false negatives. This preference ultimately depends on a number of value-judgments. In the last section of the paper we discuss some general principles for dealing with ethical issues in algorithm-design.     

Ethics in e-trust and e-trustworthiness: the case of direct computer-patient interfaces

In this paper, I examine the ethics of e-trust and e-trustworthiness in the context of health care, looking at direct computer-patient interfaces (DCPIs), information systems that provide medical information, diagnosis, advice, consenting and/or treatment directly to patients without clinicians as intermediaries. Designers, manufacturers and deployers of such systems have an ethical obligation to provide evidence of their trustworthiness to users. My argument for this claim is based on evidentialism about trust and trustworthiness: the idea that trust should be based on sound evidence of trustworthiness. Evidence of trustworthiness is a broader notion than one might suppose, including not just information about the risks and performance of the system, but also interactional and context-based information. I suggest some sources of evidence in this broader sense that make it plausible that designers, manufacturers and deployers of DCPIs can provide evidence to users that is cognitively simple, easy to communicate, yet rationally connected with actual trustworthiness.     

Bibliometric mapping of computer and information ethics

This paper presents the first bibliometric mapping analysis of the field of computer and information ethics (C&IE). It provides a map of the relations between 400 key terms in the field. This term map can be used to get an overview of concepts and topics in the field and to identify relations between information and communication technology concepts on the one hand and ethical concepts on the other hand. To produce the term map, a data set of over thousand articles published in leading journals and conference proceedings in the C&IE field was constructed. With the help of various computer algorithms, key terms were identified in the titles and abstracts of the articles and co-occurrence frequencies of these key terms were calculated. Based on the co-occurrence frequencies, the term map was constructed. This was done using a computer program called VOSviewer. The term map provides a visual representation of the C&IE field and, more specifically, of the organization of the field around three main concepts, namely privacy, ethics, and the Internet.     

图书馆无形资源评估指标框架描述与内容分析

图书馆无形资源评估可从图书馆组织文化、馆员价值观、馆员的创新意识、团队精神、馆员知识共享、图书馆知识资源、图书馆和馆员的知识结构、知识水平、工作流程、图书馆美誉度、反馈机制、教育培训等方面进行。     

北京市各区县政府门户网站的评价与分析

政府门户网站是在政府电子政务的建设中逐渐形成的一个公众的交流平台。如今政府门户网站已成为电子政务建设必不可少的一部分,其发展水平也成为衡量一个国家或省市的电子政务进程的核心标志。从目前来看,北京市各区县的电子政务水平存在着很大差异。本文对北京市各区县政府门户网站进行了分析,制定出了具体的评价指标,对各网站进行了测评,并提出了相关的改进措施,以推动北京市电子政务和政府门户网站的蓬勃发展,致力于把北京建设为一个"数字北京"和"世界城市"。