检验医学科技期刊新媒体内容需求现况及应对策略研究

如何打造科技期刊新媒体内容是每一个科技期刊不得不面临的重要选题.本文基于检验医学新媒体用户对内容需求现状的分析,提出应对策略.根据新媒体用户对内容需求的特点,在原创作者团队的构建、内容设计及内容合作模式上进行了 一系列探索,且取得不错的效果.发现传统科技期刊与新媒体的思维模式及关注人群截然不同,故新媒体的内容不能简单照搬科技期刊的原有内容,唯有以用户的实际需求为导向,深入行业进行内容创作,才能让科技期刊的新媒体不仅能服务期刊,还能与期刊实现互补,差异发展;同时让科技期刊新媒体呈现持久的生命力.     

An Experimental Study of the Internal Consistency of Judgments Made in Bookmark Standard Setting

Validating performance standards is challenging and complex. Because of the difficulties associated with collecting evidence related to external criteria, validity arguments rely heavily on evidence related to internal criteria—especially evidence that expert judgments are internally consistent. Given its importance, it is somewhat surprising that evidence of this kind has rarely been published in the context of the widely used bookmark standard‐setting procedure. In this article we examined the effect of ordered item booklet difficulty on content experts’ bookmark judgments. If panelists make internally consistent judgments, their resultant cut scores should be unaffected by the difficulty of their respective booklets. This internal consistency was not observed: the results suggest that substantial systematic differences in the resultant cut scores can arise when the difficulty of the ordered item booklets varies. These findings raise questions about the ability of content experts to make the judgments required by the bookmark procedure.     

Priorities in children's expectations about object label reference: form over color

Young children show considerable interest in color similarity; thus we might expect them to use color as a basis for generalizing object labels. However, natural language observations suggest they do not: children tend to overextend labels based on form similarity and rarely, if ever, overextend labels to objects that share only color. Perhaps, then, children give form priority over color in their expectations about object-label reference. This hypothesis was investigated in 2 studies. In a first study, 40 2- and 3-year-olds sorted 10 sets of 3 pictures that contrasted form with color. Children participated in 1 of 2 conditions: half of the children were shown a target object and asked to "find another one" from among the two choice objects, while the other children heard a novel label for the target (e.g., "See this zom?") and were asked to extend the label (e.g., "Can you find another zom?"). 3-year-olds sorted almost exclusively on the basis of form in both conditions, while 2-year-olds performed differently in the 2 conditions: they frequently chose the color match when labels were absent, but selected by form rather than color when asked to extend a novel label. A second study replicated these findings with novel objects that were real rather than pictured. This study also suggested that 3-year-olds grant color some role in their decisions about object-label reference as long as form differences are reduced to a tolerable level. In sum, young children expect form to be more important than color for guiding object-label reference, even though they may find color interesting when not asked to extend labels. This expectation helps explain the speed and relative ease with which children acquire object labels.     

中学物理教学方法的选择与运用

本文阐述了中学物理课堂教学方法的分类。并以“机械运动与匀速直线运动”一节课为例 ,分析了如何进行教学方法的选择 ,并对“问题讨论法”的运用作了解释和说明     

Infants'' Contribution to the Achievement of Joint Reference

This research examines whether infants actively contribute to the achievement of joint reference. One possibility is that infants tend to link a a label with whichever object they are focused on when they hear the label. If so, infants would make a mapping error when an adult labels a different object than the one occupying their focus. Alternatively, infants may be able to use a speaker's nonverbal cues (e.g., line of regard) to interpret the reference of novel labels. This ability would allow infants to avoid errors when adult labels conflict with infants' focus. 64 16-19-month-olds were taught new labels for novel toys in 2 situations. In follow-in labeling, the experimenter looked at and labeled a toy at which infants were already looking. In discrepant labeling, the experimenter looked at and labeled a different toy than the one occupying infants' focus. Infants' responses to subsequent comprehension questions revealed that they (a) successfully learned the labels introduced during follow-in labeling, and (b) displayed no tendency to make mapping errors after discrepant labeling. Thus infants of only 16 to 19 months understand that a speaker's nonverbal cues are relevant to the reference of object labels; they already can contribute to the social coordination involved in achieving joint reference.     

Infants' Ability to Draw Inferences about Nonobvious Object Properties: Evidence from Exploratory Play

Generalizing knowledge about nonobvious object properties often involves inductive inference. For example, having discovered that a particular object can float, we may infer that other objects of similar appearance likewise float. In this research, exploratory play served as a window on early inductive capability. In the first study, 48 infants between 9 and 16 months explored pairs of novel toys in 2 test conditions: violated expectation (two similar toys were presented in sequence, the first toy produced an interesting nonobvious property, such as a distinctive sound or movement, while the second toy was invisibly altered such that it failed to produce the nonobvious property available in the first toy), and interest control (two similar-looking toys were presented in sequence, neither of which produced the interesting property). Infants quickly and persistently attempted to reproduce the interesting property when exploring the second toy of the violated expectation condition relative to the first toy of the interest control condition (a baseline estimate) or the second toy of the interest control condition (an estimate of simple disinterest). The second study, with 40 9–16-month-olds, confirmed these results and also indicated a degree of discrimination on infants' part: Infants seldom expected toys of radically different appearance to possess the same nonobvious property. The findings indicate that infants as young as 9 months can draw simple inferences about nonobvious object properties after only brief experience with just 1 exemplar.     

师范大学生教师职业态度的现状研究

了解师范大学生教师职业态度的现状，为我国21世纪办好师范教育提供借鉴。方法：对甘肃省属七所高等师范院校的611名大学生采用自编的“教师职业态度调查问卷”、“对教师职业的期望和自我评价调查问卷”进行测查，并通过访谈结果作补充分析。结果：师范大学生的教师职业态度总体趋势是好的，但也存在不少一，即“高认识－高情感－低意志”的不协调状态。结论：师范大学生的教师职业态度现状不容乐观，必须给予高度重视。有效途径是加强师范大学生教师职业态度和职业精神的形成性教育，呼吁有关部门采取有效措施切实提高教师的整体地位。     

设计美在品牌与企业识别关系系统中之体现

品牌就是消费者与产品之间的关系。品牌形象是品牌在消费者心中的感知形象,品牌识别则是企业希望自身品牌达到的预期效果。企业识别系统正是联系企业与消费者、品牌识别与品牌形象的中间链条。企业识别设计是美的设计,其中MIS属设计美的内容,BIS和VIS属设计美的形式;BIS是设计美的活动形式,VIS是设计美的对象的存在形式。三者推衍依存,共同带动企业经营的步伐,塑造企业独特的品牌形象。     

学科水平的模糊综合评价法及其应用

针对学科水平评价中存在的大量不确定性和模糊性因素,引入模糊综合评价思想,分别从学术队伍、科学研究、教学与人才培养和工作条件四个方面设计了学科水平模糊综合评价指标体系,并通过实例分析和计算,表明该方法可以较客观地对学科水平作出评价。     

河南省高师大学生急救能力现状调查分析

以问卷调查等方法，对河南省高师部分在校大学生的急救知识掌握情况进行调查。结果显示，河南省高师大学生掌握的急救知识异常贫乏，急救实践技能欠佳。本针对此现状进行分析，提出相应对策。