Marktorientierung im japanischen Bildungssystem

Der Beitrag stellt prominente Positionen im japanisch-deutschen Diskurs über die gegenw?rtige Bildungssituation vor. Da das Thema sehr komplex ist, wurden drei Themenschwerpunkte ausgew?hlt und unter den wichtigsten Aspekten diskutiert: 1. die japanische Bildungsganggesellschaft, 2. das Verh?ltnis von Schule und Besch?ftigungssystem und 3. Perspektiven der zukünftigen Bildungssituation. Ein alle Schwerpunkte durchziehender Gedanke betrifft den Gleichheitsgrundsatz, wie er im Grundgesetz der Erziehung von 1947 verankert wurde und die Frage, ob er sich im japanischen Massenbildungssystem und im Geschlechterverh?ltnis realisieren l?sst.     

Postural consistency in skilled archers

The consistency of an archer's postural set at the moment of loose (arrow release) is commonly perceived to be an important determinant of success. The coach seeks, among other things, to provide the archer with information about postural consistency, details of which he acquires by eye or occasionally by video-recordings. The gains that might be achieved from more precise information are examined here. Nine skilled archers, classified into either skilled or elite groups according to their officially computed handicap, were continuously monitored and measured with a three-dimensional co-ordinate analyser (Charnwood Dynamics Coda-3 Scanner) while shooting two ends (series) of three arrows each. Considerable variability was observed in the precision with which the positions of head, elbow and bow at the moment of loose were replicated by archers of similar levels of skill. These results are interpreted to suggest that precise postural consistency may not be the primary feature distinguishing between the performance of archers at the higher skill levels.     

Cognitive style and complex concept acquisition

College undergraduates classified by the Hidden Figures Test as high, medium, or low analytic studied one of two lesson types. Both lessons taught four complex nondimensioned concepts from the area of social learning by presenting a definition followed by either positive examples or positive and negative examples. Immediate acquisition was assessed by a test requiring subjects to identify positive and negative examples. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction on the dependent variable requiring the identification of positive examples.     

On University Reform in Italy: Contradictions and Power Relations in Structure and Function

Recent attempts at universityreform in Italy have proved dismal in thecontext of higher education policy in WesternEurope. The pervasive power of academicmandarins, technocratic methods of reform, andthe recurrent expectations that import offoreign models will resolve contradictions thatare deeply rooted in Italian power relations,provide some insight into the problem.     

Evolution and revolution atPAIS: Technology and concepts

PAIS—Public Affairs Information Service, Inc., has published indexes to public affairs and public and social policy issues since 1914. Over the years, in response to changing technology and changing world concerns, PAIS has modified its production methods, its indexing, and the topics it covers. This paper discusses these changes.