An existential model for counselling women

Historically, theories of personality and therapy have tended to be biased against women Feminist ideology appears to be inadequate as a replacement for more traditional theoretical frameworks. Alternatively, the existential theory of Frankl (1969, 1975) appears particularly promising as a model for therapy with women. Data in support of this position were reported.University of WinipegUniversity of AlbertaPaper presented at Ninth International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling. Thessaloniki, Greece, April 1980. The opening paragraphs also introduced an earlier paper by the authors at the CRIAW Conference, Edmonton, November 1979.     

Responses to Educational Television: a case‐study

The paper focuses on the need to evaluate responses to educational television despite the difficulties involved. Case‐study and survey methods were used in one Local Education Authority and responses to a documentary schools' broadcast by 129 pupils in four schools examined in detail. Pupils who engaged in spoken or written follow‐up activities to the programme were more prone to change attitudes as a result when compared with a control group who experienced no follow‐up. Greater tentativeness was shown by the group engaging in extensive follow‐up (talking and writing) and this group also achieved higher essay marks than pupils who had not engaged in discussion follow‐up. Implications for classroom practice in relation to ETV are considered.     

The Reliability of the [Vdot]O2-HR Relation during Graded Treadmill Exercise in Prepubertal Boys and Adult Men

Abstract

When subjects make simultaneous aiming movements of the upper limbs over different distances, assimilation effects are shown; the shorter distance limb overshoots when paired with a longer distance limb. However, it is not known whether assimilation effects are due to variations in distance per se or to variations in target location. To separate the possible influences of distance and location, 60 subjects made rapid bimanual aiming movements in one of four conditions. The two different-distance groups made a 20° movement in the left hand and a 60° movement in the right hand to either the same or different target locations. The comparison groups moved 20° in each limb. Somewhat surprisingly, spatial assimilations were greater when moving different distances to the same, rather than different, target locations, which suggests interlimb differences in distance mediate assimilation effects rather than target location. Temporal assimilations were greater when distance and location were varied, but the assimilations were not related to interlimb differences in velocity, as predicted by Marteniuk and MacKenzie (1980).     

Teacher training in early childhood education: The case of Ghana,West Africa

Abstract

Teacher training in early childhood education in Ghana, West Africa is more of a grassroots effort rather than a formal system that is fully supported financially by the Ministry of Education. Formal teacher‐training college or university‐based early childhood teacher training has yet to be realized for the thousands of teachers of children 3–5 years old in government or government‐supported primary schools. This work chronicles the past and present teacher‐training programs available in this country that reports approximately 4.3 million children in its population under the age of 6 years.     

A tale of two worlds: the interstate system and world society in social science textbooks, 1950–2011

There is a great and longstanding divide in visions of the international arena. Some assert that states are the most relevant actors in international politics, and others emphasise the importance of non-state actors as vehicles through which shared ideas and identities are enacted. Typically, cross-national scholarship adopts one of these positions and seeks to support the attendant theoretical claims; our approach is entirely different. We treat these varied conceptions of the international arena not as antecedent explanatory frameworks, but rather as outcomes to be explained in their own right. To this end, we draw on data consisting of 539 high-school social science textbooks (history, civics, social studies, and geography) from 73 countries published between 1950 and 2011, coded to shed light on how the international arena is discussed in national education systems. We use multilevel modelling to determine how characteristics of textbooks and countries are linked to different visions of the international arena. Stronger national emphases in books promote a vision of the interstate system, as does a country’s level of democracy. Emphases on world society emerge particularly in recent decades and in books and countries most exposed to educational and social globalisation. Our findings provide initial support for arguments that world society and the interstate system are distinct, leading to multiple forms of inequality in the international arena.     

The St Francis mission Indians and the National Interscholastic Catholic basketball tournament, 1924–1941

Organizers of the National Interscholastic Catholic Basketball Tournament in Chicago consistently extended bids to a tribal team from St Francis Mission during the 1920s and 1930s. The authors argue that they did so because putting a ‘real’ Indian team on the court drew crowds that helped the tournament compete with a rival ‘anti-Catholic’ public school tourney at the University of Chicago. Jesuit educators at St Francis and the tribal athletes agreed to take part for other reasons, the Jesuits hoping to advance their mission goals and the players finding an opportunity to excel at a game they loved. The team's triumphs on the court thus involved them in political, interuniversity and cultural battles being waged by others off the court.