教学型本科院校创新人才培养的有效实践

本文从教学型本科院校的创新型人才培养目标入手,介绍了我校构建创新教育体系、创新基地建设及创新导师队伍建设的教育教学改革思路、实践过程、特色与效果,为普通高等院校实施创新人才培养提供有效借鉴.     

正义与邪恶的化身——论《白鲸》中亚哈船长性格的双重性

《白鲸》讲述了饱经风霜的亚哈船长与他的仇敌白鲸之间惊心动魄的故事.亚哈身上体现了令人钦佩的正义品质:百折不挠、英勇无畏、经验丰富;同时还具有令人恐惧的邪恶力量:偏执、自私、专横.他集正义与邪恶与一身,具有鲜明的双重性.     

Replication,pathogenicity, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in minks

Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown. Here, we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19. We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks. Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2.     

The accuracy of computational fluid dynamics analysis of the passive drag of a male swimmer

The aim of this study was to build an accurate computer-based model to study the water flow and drag force characteristics around and acting upon the human body while in a submerged streamlined position. Comparisons of total drag force were performed between an actual swimmer, a virtual computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the swimmer, and an actual mannequin based on the virtual model. Drag forces were determined for velocities between 1.5 m/s and 2.25 m/s (representative of the velocities demonstrated in elite competition). The drag forces calculated from the virtual model using CFD were found to be within 4% of the experimentally determined values for the mannequin. The mannequin drag was found to be 18% less than the drag of the swimmer at each velocity examined. This study has determined the accuracy of using CFD for the analysis of the hydrodynamics of swimming and has allowed for the improved understanding of the relative contributions of various forms of drag to the total drag force experienced by submerged swimmers.     

乡村精英与农村草根体育组织的建设研究

以闽西美丽乡村建设试点村的草根体育组织为研究对象,运用文献资料法、实地调研法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,对乡村精英与农村草根体育组织的内涵、乡村精英在农村草根体育组织建设中的角色定位、乡村精英参与下农村草根体育组织建设面临的困境进行研究,并在此基础上提出乡村精英参与农村草根体育组织建设的实践路径:加强对乡村精英的培训工作,鼓励其参与组织建设,提高组织服务的专业化水平;重视乡村精英人才队伍建设,扩大组织的参与网络;发挥精英的组织主导作用,拓宽组织的筹资渠道;完善组织规章制度的建设,规范精英权力运行;重视精英的社会互动,提升组织的发展活力.旨在发挥乡村精英的积极作用,促进农村草根体育组织及农村体育事业的健康发展.     

A simple ratio adjustment for baseline recording in natural settings

The usefulness of a baseline record is often compromised by extraneous events in the natural environment that artificially intervene to prevent the performance of a specific target behavior. To attenuate this problem, a simple ratio adjustment procedure was suggested that compares the observed response frequency with a maximum possible frequency for each observation period. This ratio is then transformed into a response percentage with a more general predictive value for the behavior modification practitioner.     

Metacognition as a Basis for Learning Support Software

In order to understand the task of instructional designers who produce learning support software, this paper reviews the influence of learning theory on instructional design, recent developments in computer technology, and the evolving role of the instructor as a facilitator of higher-order thinking. Constructivist principles of learning and an appreciation for the fact that the learner must become more independent and skilled in metacognitive self-assessment and self-management are fundamental to this changing role. Two cognitive tools that provide learner/user support for personal construction of knowledge systems are “MindMap” and “Learning FourMat Processor.” These tools are examined in the light of current learning theory and a recent study comparing the work of novice and expert writers using different forms of performance support. Recommendations are made for the development of a more complete set of cognitive tools that enables users to construct their own multimedia knowledge systems based on higher-order thinking and problem solving.     

区域农村教育"结构——功能"特点探析

区域农村教育的结构要素本身存在着不平衡性,农村“职教”、“成教”较为弱小幼稚,而基础教育则是“一枝独秀”;区域农村教育的三要素之间存在着封闭性,具体表现为横向结构联通的封闭性和纵向序列承接的间断性。传统区域农村教育的功能定位具有国家一统性与现实游离性的特点,农村教育正面临传统功能定位的历史延续性与应然定位机制的远未成熟性的严峻现实。