The impact of university incorporation on college lecturers

In South Africa, recent government plans tochange the institutional landscape of highereducation have resulted in mergers of collegesinto universities or technikons. The researchreported in this article focuses solely on theimpact of a ``college-into-university'incorporation as manifested in the personal,emotional and career experiences of thesecollege staff members. It traces the changes intheir perceptions and emotions during and afterthe incorporation process. It also identifiesrecurring themes and issues evident in thepersonal lives of those affected by thisincorporation.A unique research methodology was engaged: TheCollege staff who had been appointed to theuniversity after the merger, identified sevencritical themes and then designed and conducted30 semi-structured interviews among themselves.This article thus documents the impact ofincorporation into a university on theindividual and collective lives of theresearchers themselves.The data suggest that the emotional impact ofincorporation was intense and that theuncertainty, especially, led to considerabletrauma. The most important concern emanatingfrom this joint research project is that whilea certain degree of distress is unavoidable inany institutional merger, inattention to themanagement of human resources, emotions andaspirations could linger on, possibly having anegative effect on the ambitions for thetransformation of the new entity.     

Behaviour theory in the nursery school: Problem solving and teacher training

The present study reports an attempt to develop a training programme for nursery school teachers with reference to new developments in behaviour theory. The underlying aim of the training programme is to develop a general problem-solving strategy simple and flexible enough to be used in new problem situations in the four social fields of teacher-child interactions, teacher-teacher interactions, teacher-parent interactions, and the interactions between nursery school and community. The problem-solving strategy is a behavioural sequence which consists of the following stages: problem analysis, selection of goals, selection of modification procedures, application of modification procedures, and evaluation. The training of teachers to solve social problems in the nursery school can also be structured by means of these five steps. The training programme has been developed in close cooperation with the teachers of a nursery school. Some experiences concerning this cooperation and the application of the problem-solving paradigm are discussed.

---

Zusammenfassung Diese Studie berichtet über einen Versuch, ein Ausbildungsprogramm für Erzieher im Hinblick auf die Entwicklungen in der Verhaltenstheorie zu konstruieren. Dem Ausbildungsprogramm liegt die Absicht zugrunde, eine allgemeine Problemlösungs-Strategie zu entwickeln, die einfach und flexibel genug ist, um in neuen Problemsituationen auf den sozialen Gebieten der Erzieher-Kind, Erzieher-Erzieher und Erzieher-Eltern Beziehungen sowie auf dem der Beziehungen zwischen Kindergarten und Gemeinschaft angewandt werden zu können. Die Problemlösungs-Strategie ist eine Verhaltensfolge und besteht aus den folgenden Phasen: Problemanalyse, Auswahl von Zielen, Auswahl von Abänderungsverfahren, Anwendung der Abänderungsverfahren und Evaluation. Gemäss diesen vier Stufen kann auch die Ausbildung der Erzieher in der Lösung sozialer Probleme im Kindergarten strukturiert werden. Das Ausbildungsprogramm wurde in enger Zusammenarbeit mit den Erziehern an einem Kindergarten entwickelt. Einige Erfahrungen aus dieser Zusammenarbeit und der Anwendung des Problemlösungs-Paradigmas werden besprochen.

---

Résumé Cette étude rend compte d'une tentative de développement d'un programme de formation des enseignants des écoles maternelles, compte tenu des nouveaux développements de la théorie du comportement. Le but sous-jacent du programme de formation est de développer une stratégie générale de résolution des problèmes qui soit suffisamment simple et souple pour être utilisée dans les nouvelles situations problématiques, dans les quatre domaines sociaux des interactions enseignant-enfant, enseignant-enseignant, enseignant-parent, et école maternelle-collectivité. La résolution des problèmes est un enchaînement du comportement qui comprend les stades suivants: analyse du problème, choix des objectifs, choix des procédés de modification, application des procédés de modification, évaluation. La formation des enseignants les entraînant à résoudre les problèmes sociaux à l'école maternelle peut aussi être structurée en ces cinq phases.Le programme de formation a été élaboré en étroite coopération avec les enseignants d'une école maternelle. Quelques expériences relatives à cette coopération et concernant l'application du paradigme de résolution des problèmes sont discutées dans cette étude.

---

---

The authors may be contacted at the Staatsinstitut für Frühpädagogik, Arabellastr. I/II, D-8000 München 81, F.R.G.     

Copyright and you

Conclusion The current Copyright Law provides educators with a very limited set of privileges related to distance learning, based upon technologies and assumptions concerning the activities of education dating around the period of the early 1970s, prior to the adoption of the law in 1976. Within the confines of Section 110(2) of the law, and using Fair Use Guidelines, there are some limited activities that may take place in distance learning, using copyrighted materials without the author’s permission. However, until the law is modified or the recommendations of the Copyright Office are implemented, the “safe harbor” approach would be to seek copyright permission or obtain licensing for the use of copyrighted materials prior to use in a distance learning environment. Since 1975, as an avocation, he has been a national copyright law consultant. He has published several reference works for libraries and educators on copyright law, as well as videotapes to be used for information and training.     

Quality Culture: understandings,boundaries and linkages

As part of the process of enhancing quality, quality culture has become a taken-for-granted concept intended to support development and improvement processes in higher education. By taking a theoretical approach to examining quality culture, starting with a scholarly examination of the concept of culture, and exploring how it is related to quality, quality improvement and quality assurance, the aim of this paper is to create a better understanding of how one can make sense of quality culture, its boundaries but also its links to the fundamental processes of teaching and learning.     

Theory of Instruction: generalisation issues

General‐case learning is examined within the context of a logical analysis of what is to be taught and how it is taught. Given a few assumptions about the capabilities of the learner, the analysis of cognitive learning is shifted from a behavioural analysis of the learner to a logical analysis of the structural basis for generalisation—samenesses and differences—that lie in the teaching examples. Basic requirements for inducing generalisations are detailed and a variety of examples presented to illustrate the applications of the analysis.