基于科技创新项目的培养模式研究与实践

学生科技创作是学生专业技术的综合应用,是学校创新实践教学,推进教学改革的一项举措.分析了科技创新项目在本科创新型人才培养的作用与成效.通过引用典型的实例验证,开放独立实验室,引导大学生参加科技创新,能充分锻炼其工程分析、创新能力,培养其良好的交流与组织协调能力.     

Special needs students in higher education

The topic in this paper is how former special needs students with academic competence from upper secondary school succeed in education on a higher level. The study concentrates on students who at their start in upper secondary education were registered with problems of concentration, difficulties in reading, writing or mathematics. The main part of this paper will base on qualitative interviews with nine former special needs students. Seven out of the nine informants were registered with reading and writing difficulties. However, it is also possible to compare these informants with longitudinal data from a larger group of students who have been followed prospectively since spring 1996. Theoretically the study is based on life course research with special emphasis on social transitions. In transitional processes between different educational arenas gatekeepers＇often play important roles. This study will examine how such gatekeepers, e.g. teachers, may facilitate or obstruct these transitions for a vulnerable group like former special needs students.     

Quality assurance and its impact from higher education institutions’ perspectives: methodological approaches,experiences and expectations

This paper reports on methodological approaches, experiences and expectations referring to impact analysis of quality assurance from the perspective of three higher education institutions (students, teaching staff, quality managers) from Germany, Finland and Romania. The presentations of the three sample institutions focus on discussing the core characteristics of quality assurance procedures applied and their expected and observed impacts, and how intended and non-intended undesirable ones are measured. It turns out that all sample institutions have already some instruments and sub-procedures in place for impact analysis of quality assurance and all of them are striving for further improvement by applying internal and external quality assurance procedures and impact analyses. Finally, a closer look at the recently revised Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area shows that the European sample institutions are on their way towards coherent quality assurance policies, while there is also room left for further improvement and investigation (for example, in implementing systematic methodologies of impact evaluation and quality policies in general).     

“翻转课堂”教学模式在《现代教育技术》公共课教学中的应用

随着教育信息化的推进,教育技术能力已成为教师必须具备的职业技能之一。《现代教育技术》课程是师范院校培养师范生教育技术能力的核心课程,旨在培养师范生开展信息化备课、教学、管理等能力。本文在对国内外三种具有代表性的翻转课堂教学模式进行剖析之后,在全面分析可行性的基础上,构建了《现代教育技术》公共课“翻转课堂”教学模型,并对各个关键教学环节进行了详细阐述,提出了保障措施。把培养师范生的教育技术能力和掌握时兴教学模式合二为一,试图寻找出一种新的培养、提高师范生教育技术能力的教学方法和模式,培养高质量的未来师资。     

Gerechtigkeit und Studienabbruch. Die Rolle der wahrgenommenen Fairness von Benotungsverfahren bei der Entstehung von Abbruchsintentionen

This article investigates the relationship between grading fairness and university students’ dropout intentions. Our focus is on the extent to which students assess the grading procedures as fair from a procedural justice perspective. We distinguish between control-related and validity-related aspects of procedural justice. The fairness of grading procedures is incorporated into a rational choice model on educational decision-making. We theorize that students consider questions of procedural justice in determining their chances of success. Thus, unfair grading practices lead to an increased risk of the students developing dropout intentions. Further, we investigate the relationship between students’ socioeconomic characteristics and procedural justice. Data from the first wave of the CampusPanel are used (n = 1393). Results show that dropout intentions are significantly affected by evaluations of procedural justice. Further, there is evidence that students with low parental socioeconomic status as well as students with an immigrant background are especially prone to exhibit dropout intentions when confronted with low procedural justice.     

Observing Interprofessional Collaboration: Impact on Attitude and Knowledge Acquisition

Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) in the medical field is an important factor for good clinical outcomes and should be taught as early as in undergraduate medical education. Since implementing IPC training is an organizational challenge, students are often limited in their opportunities to experience real-life IPC. Therefore, an approach where students observe successful IPC activities of role models in an applied anatomical format was proposed. It was studied whether observing IPC activities in undergraduate anatomical education has an impact on both students' attitude toward IPC and on knowledge acquisition. Further, it was examined whether the attitudes and knowledge of students from different medical disciplines were influenced in different ways. Therefore, 75 medical students and thirty-eight physiotherapy students participated in a study with the task of observing a live broadcast of an interprofessional teaching session. Participants were asked about their attitudes toward interprofessional learning, their evaluation of professional responsibilities, and their profession-specific knowledge before and after observing the IPC session. The participants' attitude toward interprofessional learning improved for both groups of students. Moreover, students of physiotherapy adjusted their evaluation of their own and others' professional responsibilities after observing IPC. In both student groups, knowledge increased, in particular, with respect to the field of knowledge in other professions. So, observing IPC can modify students' attitudes and support knowledge acquisition. The implementation of IPC observations provides students from various healthcare disciplines with a clearer impression of professionals' responsibilities and gives learners the opportunity to acquire knowledge from healthcare fields unfamiliar to them.     

Studying enzymatic bioreactions in a millisecond microfluidic flow mixer

In this study, the pre-steady state development of enzymatic bioreactions using a microfluidic mixer is presented. To follow such reactions fast mixing of reagents (enzyme and substrate) is crucial. By using a highly efficient passive micromixer based on multilaminar flow, mixing times in the low millisecond range are reached. Four lamination layers in a shallow channel reduce the diffusion lengths to a few micrometers only, enabling very fast mixing. This was proven by confocal fluorescence measurements in the channel’s cross sectional area. Adjusting the overall flow rate in the 200 μm wide and 900 μm long mixing and observation channel makes it possible to investigate enzyme reactions over several seconds. Further, the device enables changing the enzyme/substrate ratio from 1:1 up to 3:1, while still providing high mixing efficiency, as shown for the enzymatic hydrolysis using β-galactosidase. This way, the early kinetics of the enzyme reaction at multiple enzyme/substrate concentrations can be collected in a very short time (minutes). The fast and easy handling of the mixing device makes it a very powerful and convenient instrument for millisecond temporal analysis of bioreactions.     

义乌：老外感受中国年

龙年春节,小商品王国义乌充满着中国年的气氛,挂灯笼、赏花灯、观舞龙、贴春联……大街小巷一派祥瑞景象。义乌常驻有来自世界各国的1.3万余名外商,中国传统佳节与文化正在走进这些外国人的心中。