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71.
Bronwen Cowie Beverley Cooper 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2017,24(2):147-163
AbstractA number of trends are converging to drive the need for more informed teacher data use. These include advocacy for formative assessment and the need for teachers to account for student learning. In this context, assessment literacy and data literacy have emerged as a focus in research and professional development. Problematically, research signals that developing assessment/data literacy is challenging with evidence that teachers may not have mastered relevant aspects of mathematics and statistics. This paper reports lecturer, student teacher and school leader views of the role and requirements of data literacy using data from a larger study into how to foster student teacher mathematical thinking for the breadth of teacher professional work. Data were generated via interviews, surveys and document analysis. Findings suggest a concern and opportunity to develop assessment/data literacy as this calls on mathematical and statistical understanding. 相似文献
72.
73.
Although there is a growing interest of policy makers in higher education issues (especially on an international scale), there
is still a lack of theoretically well-grounded comparative analyses of higher education policy. Even broadly discussed topics
in higher education research like the potential convergence of European higher education systems in the course of the Bologna
Process suffer from a thin empirical and comparative basis. This paper aims to deal with these problems by addressing theoretical
questions concerning the domestic impact of the Bologna Process and the role national factors play in determining its effects
on cross-national policy convergence. It develops a distinct theoretical approach for the systematic and comparative analysis
of cross-national policy convergence. In doing so, it relies upon insights from related research areas—namely literature on
Europeanization as well as studies dealing with cross-national policy convergence.
相似文献
Christoph KnillEmail: |
74.
Stefanie Rach Aiso Heinze 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2017,15(7):1343-1363
Particularly in mathematics, the transition from school to university often appears to be a substantial hurdle in the individual learning biography. Differences between the characters of school mathematics and scientific university mathematics as well as different demands related to the learning cultures in both institutions are discussed as possible reasons for this phenomenon. If these assumptions hold, the transition from school to university could not be considered as a continuous mathematical learning path because it would require a realignment of students’ learning strategies. In particular, students could no longer rely on the effective use of school-related individual resources like knowledge, interest, or self-concept. Accordingly, students would face strong challenges in mathematical learning processes at the beginning of their mathematics study at university. In this contribution, we examine these assumptions by investigating the role of individual mathematical learning prerequisites of 182 first-semester university students majoring in mathematics. In line with the assumptions, our results indicate only a marginal influence of school-related mathematical resources on the study success of the first semester. In contrast, specific precursory knowledge related to scientific mathematics and students’ abilities to develop adequate learning strategies turn out as main factors for a successful transition phase. Implications for the educational practice will be discussed. 相似文献
75.
This research was carried out over a period of ten months with children in Grades 2 and 3 (aged 7 and 8) who were participating
in a sequence of technology activities. Since the introduction into Victorian primary schools ofThe Technology Studies Framework P-10 (Crawford, 1988), more teachers are including technology studies in their classrooms and by so doing may assist children's
understanding of science concepts. Children are being exposed to science phenomena related to the technology activities and
Technology Studies may be a way of providing children with science experiences. ‘Technology Studies’ in this context refers
to children carrying out practical problem solving tasks which can be completed without any particular scientific knowledge.
Participation in the technology activities may encourage children to become actively involved, thereby facilitating an exploration
of the related science concepts. The project identified the importance of challenge in relation to the children's involvement
in the technology activities and the conference paper (available from the first author) discusses particular topics in terms
of the balance between cognitive/metacognitive and affective influences (Baird et al., 1990)
Specializations: science and technology education, interest and attitudinal change.
Specialization: technology in the primary school. 相似文献
76.
I know about lisp but how do i put it into practice? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper outlines some initial findings of the Learning in Science Project (Teacher Development) on the process of teacher
development with respect to implementing the findings of the previous Learning in Science Projects. The findings on course
components, the ‘pay-offs’ for the teachers, reflection and support for the change process are discussed as are the implications
of these for further research.
Specialisations: learning theories, curriculum development, equity issues, teacher development.
Specialisations: Teachers' knowledge, life histories. 相似文献
77.
Friendships and Social Networks in Childhood and Adolescence: Fluidity, Reliability, and Interrelations 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Robert B. Cairns Man-Chi Leung Lisa Buchanan Beverley D. Cairns 《Child development》1995,66(5):1330-1345
Social networks and friendships were tracked over a 3-week period for 132 students enrolled in fourth- and seventh-grade classrooms. Individual interviews were employed to collect data on friendships. Social group membership was determined by the composite social-cognitive map (SCM) procedure and by self-reports. Considerable overlap was found among the methods for establishing relational patterns (i.e., friendships, self-reported groups, composite social-cognitive maps). When loose criteria for stability were employed, high stability was found in friendships ( p = .56–.75) and social group membership ( p = .90) over a 3-week period. But when stringent criteria were employed, only modest social relationship stability was observed in both methods, suggesting that there is much greater fluidity in peer bonds than has been generally recognized. The relationship between friendship and social network measures, the distinctive information yielded by social networks, and gender and age differences in group structure, fluidity, and friendships are discussed. 相似文献
78.
This paper presents a novel explanation for the continued absence of a children’s rights strategy within high-stakes educational assessment with reference to the competing purposes of high-stakes assessments and group-based constructions of fairness in assessment. We provide an original critique of group-based perspectives on the validity of assessment accommodations which supports an individual perspective on fair educational assessment. From this, the (almost forgotten) concept of ‘student assessment needs’ is (re-)introduced as a central axiom, to be constructed through feedback from, and dialogue with, students about their experience of high-stakes assessments, giving primacy to their purpose as an attainment demonstration opportunity for the student. To promote a new movement towards student participation in educational assessment processes and reforms, we propose ‘rights respecting assessment’, complementary to UNICEF’s ‘Rights Respecting Schools’ initiative, in which regular system-wide student representation would contribute to the development of high-stakes examination systems. In recognition of this aspiration, this paper is co-authored with a recent school-leaving age examination candidate. 相似文献
79.
This paper argues that lecturers may provide insufficient challenge when teaching first year university physics courses, which may contribute to unsatisfactory learning outcomes. Comparisons in learning outcomes between a traditional teaching group and a constructivist orientated teaching group were investigated along with lecturers' and students' perceptions of those courses by interview and survey. Three main findings emerged from this study. The lecturers emphasised the students' poor physics background and adopted strategies to diminish the possible cognitive challenge in their teaching design. However, the students' concerns about the difficulty of the course seemed to be very minor. Finally, this study found that a teaching strategy of increasing the cognitive challenge for the students was likely to encourage an adoption of a comprehension learning approach, highlight the needs for learning university physics, and to promote cognitive engagement and learning commitment. 相似文献
80.
AbstractThe 3P (presage, process, product) model was introduced as a conceptualisation to underpin research into students’ approaches to learning (SAL). This paper proposes the refocusing of the 3P model by formulating the initial presage phase as a teaching and learning environment, thus making the 3P model more consistent with SAL research which examines the influence of perceptions of aspects of teaching, learning and assessment on approaches to learning. The method was to use structural equation modelling to test a hypothesised version of the refocused 3P model. Data from a questionnaire administered to students at a university in Hong Kong showed a good fit to the data. The model showed that a teaching and learning environment influenced approaches to learning then impacted on the attainment of graduate attributes. The model showed that a well-designed teaching and learning environment, including teacher-student and student-student interaction, plus a lively co-curriculum had a part to play in promoting deep approaches to learning. Deep approaches then had a positive effect on attribute development in students. 相似文献