This study examined congruence levels between client and counselor beliefs about psychological problems and its impact on counseling outcomes. Clients and counselors endorsed differing views for causation and treatment of psychological problems. Counseling outcomes were unaffected by congruence levels. Practical implications for college counseling staff are provided. 相似文献
ABSTRACT We examined direct and interaction effects of learners' characteristics (cognitive ability, prior knowledge, prior experience, and motivation to learn) and classroom characteristics (videoconferencing and class size) on learning from a 16-week course. A 2times2 quasi-experimental design varied the class size between large (∼60 students) and small (∼30 students) and between traditional classes with the instructor always present and classes taught using a videoconferencing system with the instructor present at each site every other week. Theory regarding instructor immediacy was used to predict that larger and videoconferenced classes would have negative effects on learner reactions and learning, but that highly motivated learners would overcome the negative effects on learning. Interactions between videoconferencing and motivation to learn, and class size and motivation to learn, were found in support of the theory. Research and practice implications are discussed. 相似文献
Socio-technical governance has been of long-standing interest to science and technology studies and science policy studies. Recent calls for midstream modulation direct attention to a more complicated model of innovation, and a new place for social scientists to intervene in research, design and development. This paper develops and expands this earlier work to demonstrate how a suite of concepts from science and technology studies and innovation studies can be used as a heuristic tool to conduct real-time evaluation and reflection during the process of innovation – upstream, midstream, and downstream. The result of this new protocol is inclusivity mainstreaming: determining if and how marginalized peoples and perspectives are being maximally incorporated into the model of innovation, while highlighting common problems of inequality that need to be addressed.
This article examines film criticism as a social practice. Specifically, it explores the institutional politics of horror film criticism and the various ways critics of the genre justify their own readings and interpretive discourse. It does so by way of positing a horror film “reading formation,” which serves a critical-institutional function within the film academy, namely, securing academic legitimacy for the genre while shoring up cultural and political distinctions specific to elite modes of analysis. Accordingly, the article argues that three intertextual mechanisms (canonical recycling, political auteurism, and symptomatic interpretation) both condition the appropriation of horror film texts as legitimate objects-to-be-read and work to sustain discursive power relations between scholastically credentialed and “nonexpert” reading subjects. 相似文献
Although high-definition television (HDTV) has led to more film and television content being presented in a widescreen aspect ratio, problems with formatting moving images in nontheatrical environments persist. Because of the different venues and delivery systems available for accessing televisual and cinematic content, the variety of high definition and standard definition television channels across cable and satellite providers, as well as the different aspect ratios filmmakers can choose to photograph their works, nontheatrical exhibition of the moving image continues to be a source of contention in the age of high definition. Drawing upon a number of comments from online home media forums, this study concludes that the variant quality of widescreen images for HDTV is not solely grounded on a subculture of home theatre enthusiasts, but rather how networks and studios negotiate new television technologies for the aesthetic preferences of both film and home theatre buffs and the general viewing audience. 相似文献