Exploring the Change in Motivations for Fantasy Sport Participation During the Life Cycle of a Sports Fan

A total of 529 respondents who had participated in fantasy sport in the past year completed a survey regarding their media consumption habits and motivations for play. Significant age divides were uncovered between players who were younger than age 35 as opposed to respondents who were 35 and older. Overall, younger participants consumed 4.2 more hours of sports media content per week and were more likely to participate in fantasy sport because of entertainment, enjoyment, and surveillance desires. In contrast, older participants were more likely to participate in fantasy sport to pass the time, even though consumption research indicates that they spent less time devoted to the activity than their younger counterparts. In addition, younger participants were more likely than older participants to exhibit a desire to establish and exhibit elements of personal sports knowledge. Implications for communication researchers interested in media and/or sport are articulated.     

Book reviews

Meheroo Jussawalla, Donald M. Lamberton, and Neil D. Karunaratne, eds., The Cost of Thinking: Information Economies of Ten Pacific Countries. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Publishing, 1988. 272 pages, $29.50.

Vincent Mosco and Janet Wasko, eds., The Political Economy of Information. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. 368 pages, $40.

Robert G. Picard, James P. Winter, Maxwell McCombs, and Stephen Lacy, eds., Press Concentration and Monopoly: New Perspectives on Newspaper Ownership and Operation. Norwood, N. J.: Ablex Publishing, 1988. 231 pages, $39.50.     

The New Books

Raymond Spottiswoode's Focal Encyclopedia of Film and Television: Techniques (Hastings House, $37.50)

Eli L. Levitan's An Alphabetical Guide to Motion Picture, Television, and Videotape Production (McGraw-Hill, $24.50)

Ronald Brown's Telecommunications: The Booming Technology (Doubleday, $5.95)

Peter Hillson's Photography: A Study in Versatility (Doubleday, $6.95)

Dale Minor's The Information War (Hawthorne, $6.95)

Nicholas Johnson's, How to Talk Back to Your Television Set (Atlantic, $5.95)

Allen E. Koenig's Broadcasting and Bargaining (University of Wisconsin Press, $8.00)

Verne Edwards' Journalism in a Free Society (W.C. Brown, $6.95)     

Boys Will Be Boys and Girls Better Be Prepared: An Analysis of the Rare Sexual Health Messages in Young Adolescents' Media

Despite concerns about high rates of teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease in the United States, the mass media adolescents attend to most frequently include little accurate information about sexual health. In this study, a preliminary quantitative analysis of the sexual content in four media (television, magazines, music, and movies) popular among 3,261 Black and White adolescents (12–14 years old) found that less than one half of 1% of the content included information about or depictions of sexually healthy behavior. A qualitative analysis of the relatively rare instances of sexual health content revealed that across all four media the sexual health content was ambiguous and/or inaccurate, reinforced traditional gender stereotypes that males seek sex and females are responsible for protection against pregnancy, and presented puberty as funny and contraception as embarrassing or humiliating. These analyses suggest that significant changes in the media's presentations of sexuality would be required if the media are ever to be considered a healthy part of adolescents' sexual socialization.     

广枣提取液对小鼠免疫功能和运动耐力的影响

观察了广枣提取液对小鼠免疫功能、运动耐力的影响。结果表明：广枣提取液可明显增加小鼠耐缺氧时间，延长小鼠负重游泳时间，降低运动后小鼠血乳酸水平，显著提高其心肌组织中SOD活力；同时明显增加小鼠脾脏／体重、胸腺／体重比值，增强小鼠对巨噬细胞的吞噬能力．提高小鼠的细胞免疫、体液免疫功能。提示广枣提取液具有显著促进小鼠免疫功能及显著提高小鼠运动耐力的功效。