认知性隐喻及其翻译

认知隐喻论认为,隐喻不仅仅是一种语言现象,更是一种思维现象、认知现象；人类赖以思考和行动的概念系统本质上是隐喻性的。同时,隐喻又是文化现象,深入探讨英汉隐喻文化认知的关系,有利于在翻译过程中运用恰当的翻译技巧,从而促进文化交流。     

注射用前列腺素E1质量稳定性与工艺配方关系研究

为了保持注射用前列腺素E1在常温储存条件下质量稳定 ,对不同工艺配方的产品进行破坏性试验研究 ,优选出合理的工艺配方 :产品在 40± 1℃ ,相对湿度 75 %的条件下存放 3个月后观察其鉴别项中的特异吸收峰为 2 78nm ,通过试验得出 ,加β 环糊精对主成分进行包合工艺能够使产品在常温储存条件下有效期内保证质量。     

浅谈民主性英语课堂建设工作

新一轮高中课程改革要求教师在课堂教学中变革传统的师生关系。使课堂教学的过程成为师生交往、师生互动、共同发展的过程。新型师生关系体现在民主的课堂教学之中。做好民主性英语课堂建设工作应做好以下三方面的工作：淡化教师权威，激活学生创新灵感；淡化教材权威、培养学生创新的兴趣；注意师生角色切换。     

论德育在邓小平教育思想中的地位

邓小平教育思想是指导当前我国教育改革和发展的重要思想,其中德育观在他的教育思想中占据着极其重要的地位和发挥着不可取代的作用,是推进当前学校德育工作,增强思想政治教育的强大思想武器。     

用逆投影法画工程截断体和相贯体的轴测图

西轴测图的方法很多，有坐标法、叠加法、切割法和特征面法等，但这些方法对面工程截断体和相贯体的轴测图存在着作图烦锁，且必须在投影图中要先把交线求出来后方能作轴测图，不易于掌握，现提出用逆投影法西截断体和相贯体的轴测图，方法简单，作图便利。     

高等级公路维护与管理专业人才培养探析

高等级公路维护与管理专业是近年开发和发展起来的新专业,从社会需求及岗位需要、专业人才培养目标、课程设置、教师队伍等多方面对高等级公路维护与管理专业的人才培养进行分析探索,从而确定高等级公路维护与管理专业的人才培养方向。     

卡内基“打造新世纪教师计划”及其思考

文章对卡内基“打造新世纪教师计划”的背景和基本理念进行了分析，并对我国的教师教育提出了一些建设性的意见。     

H∞ tracking control for nonlinear multivariable systems using wavelet-type TSK fuzzy brain emotional learning with particle swarm optimization

This paper studies the ${\mathit{H}}_{\infty }$ tracking control for uncertain nonlinear multivariable systems. We propose a control strategy, which combines the adaptive wavelet-type Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy brain emotional learning controller (WTFBELC) and the $H_{\infty }$ robust tracking compensator. As for the adaptive WTFBELC, it is a main controller designed to mimic the ideal controller. The proposed WTFBELC is to obtain much better ability of handling nonlinearities and uncertainties, but the proposed $H_{\infty }$ robust tracking compensator is to compensate the residual error between the adaptive WTFBELC and the ideal controller. Furthermore, the optimal learning rates of the adaptive WTFBELC are searched quickly by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the parameter updated laws are derived based on the steepest descent gradient method. The robust tracking performance of this novel control scheme is guaranteed based on Lyapunov stability theory. The mass-spring-damper mechanical system and the three-link robot manipulator, are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive PSO-WTFBELC $H_{\infty }$ control scheme.     

薄层CT动态扫描在诊断胰腺癌侵犯血管中的价值

探讨了胰腺癌血管受累的ＣＴ分型与肿瘤手术可切除性的关系．对４３例经手术、病理证实的胰腺癌进行薄层ＣＴ动态扫描，根据确定的ＣＴ标准，观察肿瘤与血管的关系，并与手术结果对照．发现胰腺癌血管受累以Ｃ型最常见，占３７．２％，Ａ型１０例，肿瘤切除率１００％（１０／１０），Ｂ型９例，切除率为７７．８％（７／９），Ｃ型、Ｄ型２４例，均不可切除．表明薄层ＣＴ动态扫描能提高胰腺癌血管受累的诊断正确率，血管受累ＣＴ分型对外科制定手术计划具有一定价值．     

The effect of extremely high glucose concentrations on 21 routine chemistry and thyroid Abbott assays: interference study

Introduction

Extremely high glucose concentrations have been shown to interfere with creatinine assays especially with Jaffe method in peritoneal dialysate. Because diabetes is the fastest growing chronic disease in the world, laboratories study with varying glucose concentrations. We investigated whether different levels of glucose spiked in serum interfere with 21 routine chemistry and thyroid assays at glucose concentrations between 17-51 mmol/L.

Materials and methods

Baseline (group I) serum pool with glucose concentration of 5.55 (5.44-5.61) mmol/L was prepared from patient sera. Spiking with 20% dextrose solution, sample groups were obtained with glucose concentrations: 17.09, 34.52, and 50.95 mmol/L (group II, III, IV, respectively). Total of 21 biochemistry analytes and thyroid tests were studied on Abbott c8000 and i2000sr with commercial reagents. Bias from baseline value was checked statistically and clinically.

Results

Creatinine increased significantly by 8.74%, 31.66%, 55.31% at groups II, III, IV, respectively with P values of < 0.001. At the median glucose concentration of 50.95 mmol/L, calcium, albumin, chloride and FT4 biased significantly clinically (-0.85%, 1.63%, 0.65%, 7.4% with P values 0.138, 0.214, 0.004, < 0.001, respectively). Remaining assays were free of interference.

Conclusion

Among the numerous biochemical parameters studied, only a few parameters are affected by dramatically increased glucose concentration. The creatinine measurements obtained in human sera with the Jaffe alkaline method at high glucose concentrations should be interpreted with caution. Other tests that were affected with extremely high glucose concentrations were calcium, albumin, chloride and FT4, hence results should be taken into consideration in patients with poor diabetic control.Key words: assay interference, glucose interference, preanalytical phase, creatinine, Jaffe kinetic assay, thyroid function tests